This study proposes a method to derive the climatological limit thresholds that can be used in an operational/historical quality control procedure for Chinese high vertical resolution(5–10 m)radiosonde temperature an...This study proposes a method to derive the climatological limit thresholds that can be used in an operational/historical quality control procedure for Chinese high vertical resolution(5–10 m)radiosonde temperature and wind speed data.The whole atmosphere is divided into 64 vertical bins,and the profiles are constructed by the percentiles of the values in each vertical bin.Based on the percentile profiles(PPs),some objective criteria are developed to obtain the thresholds.Tibetan Plateau field data are used to validate the effectiveness of the method in the application of experimental data.The results show that the derived thresholds for 120 operational stations and 3 experimental stations are effective in detecting the gross errors,and those PPs can clearly and instantly illustrate the characteristics of a radiosonde variable and reveal the distribution of errors.展开更多
Recent baby formula milk powder contamination incidents have shown that the classic markers or standards in milk quality control are insufficient in identifying ＂manipulated＂ poor-quality milk. In the present study,...Recent baby formula milk powder contamination incidents have shown that the classic markers or standards in milk quality control are insufficient in identifying ＂manipulated＂ poor-quality milk. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that cow milk contains large amounts of microRNAs （miRNAs） and that the unique expression profile of milk-specific miRNAs can serve as a novel indicator and possible new standard for the quafity control of raw milk and milk-related commercial products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. First, using Solexa sequencing, we systematically screened miRNA expression in raw milk and identified a total of 245 miR- NAs in raw milk. Unlike other classic biomarkers whose expression levels are nearly identical at different periods of lactation, individual miRNAs can be significantly altered during lactation process, implicating that miRNAs may be a more accurate indicator to reflect the quality alteration of milk. Second, using TaqMan probe-based miRNA quantitative RT-PCR, we further identified seven miRNAs that have a relatively consistent expression throughout the lactation process, and more importantly, the expression profile of these seven milk-specific miRNAs can serve as an ideal biomarker for discriminating poor-quality or ＂manipulated＂ milk from pure raw milk, as well as for the quality control of commercial milk products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. Together, our findings provide a basis for understanding the physiological role of milk miRNAs and a new potential standard for determining the quality of raw milk or milk-related commercial products.展开更多
The objective of this research is to reduce waste in the production ceramics of Ceramics Factory in Thailand. The 7 Quality Control Tools （7 QC Tools） were implemented including Check sheet, Graph, Pareto diagram an...The objective of this research is to reduce waste in the production ceramics of Ceramics Factory in Thailand. The 7 Quality Control Tools （7 QC Tools） were implemented including Check sheet, Graph, Pareto diagram and Fishbone diagram, which were used to analyze and solve the problems. It was found that most of the wastes come from burning ceramics process. The kilns and trolleys has been used for a long time. Furthermore, the equipment and parts were damaged from lack of maintenance. The non-standard of product arrangement method into the kilns were the cause of waste. Thus, the researcher improved trolleys into the kilns and designed a fixture to help worker to product arrangement. The results of the research gathered data from quality inspection department. Then comparing data before the improvement （between September 2013 to December 2013） and after the improvement （between November 2014 to February 2015）, the wastes are reduced from 8.97% to 0.29%. The result of improving is very efficiency because it can reduce the wastes by 8.68%.展开更多
In the service economic age, the hotel service becomes the focus among the hotel. The competition among the hotels is fierce day by day. So, the requirement to the service quality of the guests becomes higher and high...In the service economic age, the hotel service becomes the focus among the hotel. The competition among the hotels is fierce day by day. So, the requirement to the service quality of the guests becomes higher and higher. The service quality of the hotel reflects the comprehensive quality of the hotel management. If a hotel wants to make guests be satisfied, it must pay its best effort.In this paper, the concept and significance of quality management in food and beverage service was first elaborated, and then methods of quality control at different phases are discussed in detail. Finally, some strategies for quality control in food and beverage service are put forward.展开更多
Space nuclear power system is the key technology for deep space exploration missions in the future, especially for space base building-up. This paper evaluates several typical latest space nuclear reactor system （SNR...Space nuclear power system is the key technology for deep space exploration missions in the future, especially for space base building-up. This paper evaluates several typical latest space nuclear reactor system （SNRS） designs, and finds that most of their weights are heavier than necessary. From the point of weight-control, the SA4 design is the best but its design is more complex than others. A newly designed SNRS, based on the SAFE400 model, uses annular fuel and has better performance, with a fuel mass lower than that of the SAFE400 prototype by 18.75%. Meanwhile, different from former opinions, the delay neutron fractions of SNRS are not constant and change with the different SNRS designs. Therefore, designs of SNRS not to count the delayed neutron fracture or directly to consider it as 0.00677 are not appropriate.展开更多
基金supported by the National Innovation Project for Meteorological Science and Technology grant number CMAGGTD003-5the National Key R&D Program of China grant number2017YFC1501801。
文摘This study proposes a method to derive the climatological limit thresholds that can be used in an operational/historical quality control procedure for Chinese high vertical resolution(5–10 m)radiosonde temperature and wind speed data.The whole atmosphere is divided into 64 vertical bins,and the profiles are constructed by the percentiles of the values in each vertical bin.Based on the percentile profiles(PPs),some objective criteria are developed to obtain the thresholds.Tibetan Plateau field data are used to validate the effectiveness of the method in the application of experimental data.The results show that the derived thresholds for 120 operational stations and 3 experimental stations are effective in detecting the gross errors,and those PPs can clearly and instantly illustrate the characteristics of a radiosonde variable and reveal the distribution of errors.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30225037, 30471991, 30570731）, the 973 Program of China （2006CB503909, 2004CB518603）, the ＂111＂ Project, and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （BK2004082, BIC2006714）.
文摘Recent baby formula milk powder contamination incidents have shown that the classic markers or standards in milk quality control are insufficient in identifying ＂manipulated＂ poor-quality milk. In the present study, we demonstrated for the first time that cow milk contains large amounts of microRNAs （miRNAs） and that the unique expression profile of milk-specific miRNAs can serve as a novel indicator and possible new standard for the quafity control of raw milk and milk-related commercial products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. First, using Solexa sequencing, we systematically screened miRNA expression in raw milk and identified a total of 245 miR- NAs in raw milk. Unlike other classic biomarkers whose expression levels are nearly identical at different periods of lactation, individual miRNAs can be significantly altered during lactation process, implicating that miRNAs may be a more accurate indicator to reflect the quality alteration of milk. Second, using TaqMan probe-based miRNA quantitative RT-PCR, we further identified seven miRNAs that have a relatively consistent expression throughout the lactation process, and more importantly, the expression profile of these seven milk-specific miRNAs can serve as an ideal biomarker for discriminating poor-quality or ＂manipulated＂ milk from pure raw milk, as well as for the quality control of commercial milk products, such as fluid milk and powdered formula milk. Together, our findings provide a basis for understanding the physiological role of milk miRNAs and a new potential standard for determining the quality of raw milk or milk-related commercial products.
文摘The objective of this research is to reduce waste in the production ceramics of Ceramics Factory in Thailand. The 7 Quality Control Tools （7 QC Tools） were implemented including Check sheet, Graph, Pareto diagram and Fishbone diagram, which were used to analyze and solve the problems. It was found that most of the wastes come from burning ceramics process. The kilns and trolleys has been used for a long time. Furthermore, the equipment and parts were damaged from lack of maintenance. The non-standard of product arrangement method into the kilns were the cause of waste. Thus, the researcher improved trolleys into the kilns and designed a fixture to help worker to product arrangement. The results of the research gathered data from quality inspection department. Then comparing data before the improvement （between September 2013 to December 2013） and after the improvement （between November 2014 to February 2015）, the wastes are reduced from 8.97% to 0.29%. The result of improving is very efficiency because it can reduce the wastes by 8.68%.
文摘In the service economic age, the hotel service becomes the focus among the hotel. The competition among the hotels is fierce day by day. So, the requirement to the service quality of the guests becomes higher and higher. The service quality of the hotel reflects the comprehensive quality of the hotel management. If a hotel wants to make guests be satisfied, it must pay its best effort.In this paper, the concept and significance of quality management in food and beverage service was first elaborated, and then methods of quality control at different phases are discussed in detail. Finally, some strategies for quality control in food and beverage service are put forward.
文摘Space nuclear power system is the key technology for deep space exploration missions in the future, especially for space base building-up. This paper evaluates several typical latest space nuclear reactor system （SNRS） designs, and finds that most of their weights are heavier than necessary. From the point of weight-control, the SA4 design is the best but its design is more complex than others. A newly designed SNRS, based on the SAFE400 model, uses annular fuel and has better performance, with a fuel mass lower than that of the SAFE400 prototype by 18.75%. Meanwhile, different from former opinions, the delay neutron fractions of SNRS are not constant and change with the different SNRS designs. Therefore, designs of SNRS not to count the delayed neutron fracture or directly to consider it as 0.00677 are not appropriate.
