清华简《心是谓中》“断命在天”章发覆--兼论其所反映的儒家命论

清华简《心是谓中》"断命在天"章对天命、鬼神干预人事的认可,与战国楚地盛行的"信鬼好祠"之风具有密切关联。基于对这种风气积弊日深的深刻认识,简文作者采取了一种权宜之策,即通过吸取并改造儒家的命论,一方面承认"天""鬼"对人的客观限制,另一方面又凸显"心""身"的主观能动性,强调在"保家""没身"等活动中要注重个体内在的道德自律,尽力发挥自身的主观努力。

Influence of high-speed milling parameter on 3D surface topography and fatigue behavior of TB6 titanium alloy

High-speed milling of titanium alloys is widely used in aviation and aerospace industries for its high efficiency and good quality.In order to optimize the machining parameters in high-speed milling TB6 titanium alloy,experiments of high-speed milling and fatigue were conducted to investigate the effect of parameters on 3D surface topography and fatigue life.Based on the fatigue fracture,the effect mechanism of surface topography on the fatigue crack initiation was proposed.The experiment results show that when the milling speed ranged from 100 m/min to 140 m/min,and the feed per tooth ranged from 0.02 mm/z to 0.06 mm/z,the obtained surface roughness were within the limit（0.8 μm）.Fatigue life decreased sharply with the increase of surface equivalent stress concentration factor.The average error of fatigue life between the established model and the experimental results was 6.25%.The fatigue cracks nucleated at the intersection edge of machined surface.

从武侠片到社会片——访影片《复活的罪恶》导演赵为恒

说起赵为恒,长影厂都知道,他是为长影厂挣钱最多的导演之一。自1987年以来,他每年为厂里拍一至二部武侠片或枪战片,如《花翎飞盗》、《断命纹身》、《命夺黄金图》、《黑色闪电》、《雪国情仇》等等,六年时间为厂挣了600万元。 然而,虽然为厂里创利很高,他的内心却不平衡,在感觉上他觉得自己似乎离艺术很远,充其量不过是个挣钱的导演。1991年,赵为恒为枪战片《断命纹身》到哈尔滨采景时,接触到沈阳军区某炮团参谋长苏宁少校为保护战友光荣献身的感人事迹,

High cyclic fatigue performance of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy under T6 and T840 conditions

High cyclic fatigue(HCF)behavior of an AA2139alloy belonging to Al-Cu-Mg-Ag system in T6and T840conditionswas examined.The T840treatment involving cold rolling with a40%reduction prior to peak ageing provides an increase in tensilestrength compared with the T6condition.However,fatigue lifetime for two material conditions was nearly the same since there isweak effect of thermomechanical processing on micro-mechanisms of crack initiation and growth.

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy matters in daily life

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy is a neuro-cognitive dysfunction which occurs in an epidemic proportion of cirrhotic patients,estimated as high as 80% of the population tested. It is characterized by a specific,complex cognitive dysfunction which is independent of sleep dysfunction or problems with overall intelligence. Although named "minimal",minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) can have a far-reaching impact on quality of life,ability to function in daily life and progression to overt hepatic encephalopathy. Importantly,MHE has a profound negative impact on the ability to drive a car and may be a significant factor behind motor vehicle accidents. A crucial aspect of the clinical care of MHE patients is their driving history,which is often ignored in routine care and can add a vital dimension to the overall disease assessment. Driving history should be an integral part of care in patients with MHE. The lack of specific signs and symptoms,the preserved communication skills and lack of insight make MHE a difficult condition to diagnose. Diagnostic strategies for MHE abound,but are usually limited by financial,normative or time constraints. Recent studies into the inhibitory control and critical flicker frequency tests are encouraging since these tests can increase the rates of MHE diagnosis without requiring a psychologist. Although testing for MHE and subsequent therapy is not standard of care at this time,it is important to consider this in cirrhotics in order to improve their ability to live their life to the fullest.

Vacuum interrupter,high reliability component of distribution switches,circuit breakers and contactors

The use of vacuum interrupters(VIs)as the current interruption component for switches,circuit breakers,reclosers and contactors operating at distribution voltages has escalated since their introduction in the mid-1950’s.This electrical product has developed a dominating position for switching and protecting distribution circuits.VIs are even being introduced into switching products operating at transmission voltages.Among the reasons for the VI’s popularity are its compactness,its range of application,its low cost,its superb electrical and mechanical life and its ease of application.Its major advantage is its well-established reliability.In this paper we show how this reliability has been achieved by design,by mechanical life testing and by electrical performance testing.We introduce the“sealed for life”concept for the VI’s integrity.We discuss this in terms of what is meant by a practical leak rate for VIs with a life of over 30 years.We show that a simple high voltage withstand test is an easy and effective method for monitoring the long-term vacuum integrity.Finally we evaluate the need for routine inspection of this electrical product when it is used in adverse ambient environments.

Sequential fault diagnosis strategy with imperfect tests considering life cycle cost

The problem of sequential fault diagnosis is to construct a diagnosis tree that can isolate the failure sources with minimal test cost. Pervious sequential fault diagnosis strategy generating algorithms only consider the execution cost at application stage, which may result in a solution with poor quality from the view of life cycle cost. Furthermore, due to the fact that uncertain information exists extensively in the real-world systems, the tests are always imperfect. In order to reduce the cost of fault diagnosis in the realistic systems, the sequential fault diagnosis problem with imperfect tests considering life cycle cost is presented and formulated in this work, which is an intractable NP-hard AND/OR decision tree construction problem. An algorithm based on AND/OR graph search is proposed to solve this problem. Heuristic search based on information theory is applied to generate the sub-tree in the algorithm. Some practical issues such as the method to improve the computational efficiency and the diagnosis strategy with multi-outcome tests are discussed. The algorithm is tested and compared with previous algorithms on the simulated systems with different scales and uncertainty. Application on a wheel momentum system of a spacecraft is studied in detail. Both the simulation and application results suggest that the cost of the diagnosis strategy can be reduced significantly by using the proposed algorithm, especially when the placement cost of the tests constitutes a large part of the total cost.

Failure analysis study of railway draw-hook coupler

Failure analysis of railway draw-hook coupler was carried out.The nondestructive testing method was undertaken on some failed couplers in service to designate critical areas of a coupler.Draw-Hook coupler is used to connect with the same hook coupler or automatic coupler.The influence of each connection types on the coupler strength in this study was discussed.A numerical stress analysis using FEM was performed,and many approaches including critical plane approach were carried out on fatigue life prediction of coupler under different conditions.The results of the proposed fatigue criterion and fatigue life predictions,as well as static numerical analysis,are validated with experimental results.

The Life Predictions in Whole Process Realized with Different Variables and Conventional Materials Constants for Elastic-Plastic Materials Behaviors under Unsymmetrical Cycle Loading

Author researches a lot of the mathematical models and the related conventional material constants in the traditional and the modem mechanics; to adopt two types of variables a and D, for the fatigue-damage-fracture behaviors to elastic-plastic steels contained flaws, to put forward several calculation models, which are the driving force and the life prediction expressions at each stage and in whole process; for the key parameters .A1 and ,A2 in two stages, there are functional relation with other conventional material constants σF,m1 and M2,λ2, they are defined as the new calculable comprehensive material constants, and indicate their physical and geometrical meanings. In addition, for conversion methods between two types of variables, relevant calculating example is provided. Thereby, make a linking between the fracture mechanics and the damage mechanics, communicating their relationships. This works for saving man powers and funds on fatigue-damage-fracture testing that will be having practical significance.

Micro porosity and its effect on fatigue performance of 7050 aluminum thick plates

Micro porosity in aluminum alloys may contribute to fatigue life degradation, which can largely limit the application of alloys. Therefore, the fatigue life of a commercial 7050-T7451 thick plate and an experimental plate with different porosities was compared in this study. The X-ray computed tomography(XCT) was utilized to characterize the size, number density and spatial distribution of porosity inside various samples, and the fracture surface of fatigued specimens was compared by using scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results showed that the fatigue cracks prefer to initiate from constituent particles in the commercial alloy. Whereas the micro porosity is the predominant site for crack nucleation and subsequent failure in the experimental one. The presence of micro porosity in experimental7050-T7451 thick plate may reduce the fatigue life by an order of magnitude or more compared with the defect-free alloy. The pores close to sample surface are the main fatigue crack initiation site, among which larger and deeper pore leads to a shorter fatigue life. The crack initiation is also affected by the pore geometry and direction. Besides, the overall porosity inside the bulk can affect the crack propagation during fatigue tests.

A Design of the Automatic Power-off after the Storage Battery of Electric Bicycle Is Fully Charged

As the service life of the electric bicycle＇ s storage battery is shortened due to the long-term floating charge, an automatic power- off circuit for the storage battery of electric bicycle is designed, and also the composition and design of the circuit are specifically expounded. After a test, the circuit can achieve a desired effect. Therefore, it can prolong the service life of the electric bicycle＇ s storage battery and save electric energy in the actual applications.

德艺双馨——赵为恒

当年经常能在长影的院子里看到一个皮肤瞄黑、浓眉大眼、身材健壮的年轻人,细打听原来是乐团新来的演奏员,有个有名气的姐姐叫赵文瑜。这位生得一表人才的人就是赵为恒。刚开始他突击学习打定音鼓考进长影乐团,目标可不是为了敲一辈子鼓,他在为银幕上配乐的时候,就已经酝酿着走出乐团了。于是他从场记开始,做到副导演、联合导演,最后自己的片子不断地在外面得奖。

从“东施效颦”说起

说起东施,还要先说说西施。西施又是何许人也?西施是战国时的越国美女,名夷光,浣纱女。越王勾践曾派范蠡从民间挑选美女进献吴王夫差以达迷其心志、乱其国度的目的。西施以其倾国倾城之貌,沉鱼落雁之容被范蠡选中,且二人一见钟情。后来的故事是吴王终因西施而断命丧国,于是,二人隐居山林,顾全身命去了。 据传说,西施蹙额索眉也有一种风韵,几丝动人。而“东施效颦”的故事是这样的:美丽的西施病了,蹙眉捧心,楚楚可怜,更增加了柔弱娇美的万般风情。东邻丑女东施艳羡不已,也依相画葫,如法炮制。

Locally Inverse Semigroups with Inverse Transversals

Let S be a locally inverse semigroup with an inverse transversal S°.In this paper,we construct an amenable partial order on S by an R-cone.Conversely,every amenable partial order on S can be constructed in this way.We give some properties of a locally inverse semigroup with a Clifford transversal.In particular,if S is a locally inverse semigroup with a Clifford transversal,then there is an order-preserving bijection from the set of all amenable partial orders on S to the set of all R-cones of S.

Quantile residual lifetime for left-truncated and right-censored data

This article proposes a simple nonparametric estimator of quantile residual lifetime function under left-truncated and right-censored data. The asymptotic consistency and normality of this estimator are proved and the variance expression is calculated. Two bootstrap procedures are employed in the simulation study,where the latter bootstrap from Zeng and Lin(2008) is 4000 times faster than the former naive one, and the numerical results in both methods show that our estimating approach works well. A real data example is used to illustrate its application.

DIAGNOSIS WITHOUT DISCRIMINATION

While medical care has improved,more education is needed to end bias and make the battle against HIV/AIDS more effective His 27th birthday was a dark milepost in Wang Bing’s life.On that day,Wang learned he was HIV positive and he had been infected through unprotected sex."It hit me like a ton of bricks,"