不同评价标准下不同酸化剂对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

自2020年7月1日执行农业农村部194号公告至今,饲料禁抗已经3年有余。饲料酸化剂作为被广泛认可的饲料添加剂被饲料企业普遍应用。但目前酸化剂缺乏适合动物生理特性的评价方式,试验提出了一种更适用于动物生理阶段的酸化剂评价指标:有效总酸。试验选取200头头胎断奶仔猪,根据断奶重随机分为5个处理,每个处理8个重复,每个重复5头仔猪。分别为空白对照组和对照组添加4款饲料酸化剂产品。研究表明,在仔猪断奶阶段,添加饲料酸化剂对仔猪的平均日采食量和平均日增重均有显著提高(P<0.05);有效总酸较高的酸化剂组平均日采食量和平均日增重均显著高于有效总酸较低的组(P<0.05)。添加饲料酸化剂可以有效降低仔猪的腹泻率,并且产生正向的投资回报率。期望通过试验为酸化剂选择和评价提供更适用的方法和思路。

中药方剂对自然感染PCV2断奶仔猪生长性能和猪瘟疫苗免疫应答的影响

探讨中药对自然感染猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)仔猪生长性能和猪瘟疫苗免疫应答的影响,结果显示:1%中药组、1.5%中药组、2.0%中药组的日增重分别比对照组提高30.40%(P<0.05)、28.88%(P<0.05)和31.06%(P<0.05),饲料转化率分别比对照组提高2.02%、7.25%和10.26%,日采食量分别比对照组提高26.23%、14.75%和9.84%,猪瘟抗体阻断率分别比对照组提高9.57%、18.27%和30.93%(P<0.05),猪瘟抗体阳性率均大于70%,1.5%中药组、2.0%中药组的猪瘟抗体变异系数均小于40%。表明自拟中药方剂可较好地控制PCV2,提高仔猪生长性能和增强猪瘟疫苗免疫应答,且以2%中药组效果最好。

芪英汤和子甘汤中药复方促进母猪繁殖性能和断奶仔猪生长性能的临床研究

母猪产死胎、弱胎和断奶仔猪腹泻是兽医临床养猪业亟待解决的问题。为了响应国家在养殖业中执行的“减抗替抗”政策,本文基于中医辩证论治,探讨中草药复方芪英汤、子甘汤分别对母猪繁殖性能和断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。对同期发情的母猪(35头)和同期断奶仔猪(140头)进行中药方剂预混饲料的饲养方式,分别持续饲养至分娩结束、30 d,同时记录母猪分娩数据包括窝均出生仔猪数、窝均重、窝均死胎数、死胎率等,仔猪生长数据包括初重、末重、料肉比和腹泻率,通过酶联免疫吸附方法(ELISA)、荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)检测母猪血清中IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α、IgG、IgA、IgM和断奶仔猪血清中IgA的分泌情况以及母猪圆环病毒2型、伪狂犬病病毒、猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒及抗体来确定母猪免疫力情况。结果表明,芪英汤可以显著降低妊娠母猪炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α分泌水平,降低低胎次母猪生产新生仔猪死胎率、弱胎率、死亡率,分别下降1.96%、5.83%、8.25%,提高母猪的繁殖性能。子甘汤和芪英汤联用能够显著提高仔猪断奶后期IgA水平,降低腹泻率和料肉比,提高生长性能,降低断奶仔猪血液中白细胞水平,红细胞恢复到正常水平。综上,中药复方芪英汤和子甘汤有助于提高母猪繁殖性能和恢复断奶仔猪生长性能。

不同肠膜蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

分别选取21日龄和42日龄两个批次各60头三元仔猪,随机分成两组,饲喂等比例添加的不同肠膜蛋白粉(SDP80、优肽)日粮,研究不同肠膜蛋白粉对断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。试验结果表明,从断奶到保育阶段,仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量、料肉比等指标两组间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。因此,SDP80和优肽两种肠膜蛋白粉日粮对不同阶段仔猪的生长性能无显著影响。

母猪分娩前体况与繁殖性能的关系

本研究为考察母猪分娩前体况与其繁殖性能的关系,通过跟踪头胎和二胎哺乳母猪哺乳期体况变化、分娩性能、断奶性能等数据得出如下结论:母猪分娩前体况与母猪分娩性能(初生重、窝重、产弱仔数等)无显著相关性;与仔猪断奶重无显著相关性,但母猪分娩前体况越肥,母猪哺乳期采食量越低,哺乳期体况损失越严重;哺乳期间母猪体况损失为3个体况刻度以内的发情率最高;分娩前体况>11的母猪和断奶时体况刻度<9的母猪断奶发情率最低,淘汰率最高。

遗传对断奶过程的影响

由于动物遗传育种技术出现,20世纪90年代,母猪生殖的遗传发展变得非常重要。过去,遗传育种的进展是每年增加0.05头仔猪,然而现在大多数育种公司的遗传育种进展可以达到每年增加0.3~0.4头仔猪。无怪乎20年后,“断奶特征”对基因改良的重要性已经上升。

Study on Application of Microbial Ecological Agents, Replacements for Antibiotics, in Weaned Piglet Production

In order to investigate the appIication effects of microbial ecoIogical agents as repIacements for antibiotics in weaned pigIets, a total of 120 28 d oId healthy Duroc ＆#215;Landrace ＆#215;Large White weaned pigIets with simiIar bogy weights and body fats and cIose birth dates were seIected. They were randomIy divided into three groups, incIuding controI group （CK）, antibiotic group （A） and microbial ecoIogical agent group （MEA）. The growth performance, health status and economic benefits of the weaned pigIets were measured. The resuIts showed that the A and MEA groups couId better enhance the immunity of weaned pigIets and improve the economic benefits in the whoIe experimental period compared to the CK group （P〈0.01）. How-ever, there were no significant differences in pigIet immunity and economic benefits between the A and MEA groups （P〉0.05）. It is indicated that the Rujunbao, a mi-crobial ecoIogical agent, can be promoted in weaned pigIet production as a repIace-ment for antibiotic.

Effect of Eliminated the Breeding Pigs with Unqualified CSFV Antibody on Sows' Reproductive Performance and Pigs' Growth Performance

[Objective] The aim was to explore the effect of eliminated the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody on sow's reproductive performance and pig's growth performance so as to provide a scientific basis for the eliminating of the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody in large-scale pig farms.[Method] Serum samples from three scale pig farms were collected and tested with HerdChek CSFV-ELISA kit,then provided a certain scientific basis for scale pig farm to eliminate the unqualified(antibody blocking rate<50%)breeders after booster immunization.[Result ] After eliminating the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody,the average litter number of piglet in three pig farms(A,B,C)were increased by 0.29(P<0.05),0.40(P<0.01),0.39(P<0.01)respectively;the average number of survival piglets were increased by 0.54(P<0.01),0.35(P<0.01),0.62(P<0.01)respectively;the average litter number of weaned piglets were increased by 0.65(P<0.01),0.71(P<0.01),0.81(P<0.01)respectively.The difference in weight gain of piglet at 30-60 d of age was extremely significant(P<0.01),but inconspicuousness for the swine pregnancy rate,the survival rate of weaned piglet and piglet at 30-60 d of age.[Conclusion] The eliminating the breeding pigs with unqualified CSFV antibody can significantly improve the performance of breeder and piglets.