Edge enhancement of gravity anomalies and gravity gradient tensors using an improved small sub-domain filtering method

In order to enhance geological body boundary visual effects in images and improve interpretation accuracy using gravity and magnetic field data, we propose an improved small sub-domain filtering method to enhance gravity anomalies and gravity gradient tensors. We discuss the effect of Gaussian white noise on the improved small sub-domain filtering method, as well as analyze the effect of window size on geological body edge recognition at different extension directions. Model experiments show that the improved small sub-domain filtering method is less affected by noise, filter window size, and geological body edge direction so it can more accurately depict geological body edges than the conventional small sub-domain filtering method. It also shows that deeply buried body edges can be well delineated through increasing the filter window size. In application, the enhanced gravity anomalies and calculated gravity gradient tensors of the Hulin basin show that the improved small sub-domain filtering can recognize more horizontal fault locations than the conventional method.

Effects of Temperature on Determination of Protein Concentration with Coomassie Brilliant Blue Method

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of temperature on determination of protein concentration with Coomassie Brilliant Blue method,thus proving advice and guidance for accurate determination of protein concentration.[Method] With Coomassie Brilliant Blue method,the concentrations of different bovine serum albumin samples were determined under different temperatures and incubation time.[Result] According to the standard curve,when the determination range of protein concentration was 0-100 mg/ml,the determined protein concentration was relatively stable after incubation at 20 ℃ for 20-30 min.Furthermore,the determination result of higher protein concentration with Coomassie Brilliant Blue method was less affected by various factors.[Conclusion] In determination of protein concentration with Coomassie Brilliant Blue method,temperature,sample concentration and incubation time were important factors affecting the accuracy of experimental results.

Aperiodic stochastic resonance in Schmitt trigger

By the use of cross-correlation measures, the response of a symmetric Schmitt trigger (ST) driven by a random binary signal and white Gaussian noise is investigated. The results show that the information transmission can be enhanced when a certain amount of noise is presented, i.e., aperiodic stochastic resonance (ASR). Then, the influence of signal amplitude and the ST threshold on ASR is examined, the applicability of the ST in reducing the noise level of random signal transmission and improving the quality of output signal via ASR effect is illustrated. This research is of great interest in the field of digital communications.

在改革开放中崛起——对内蒙古伊盟羊绒衫厂的调查

坐落在内蒙古阿尔巴斯白山羊产地的伊克昭盟羊绒衫厂,是在党的“对外开放、对内搞活”方针指引下,与日本三井物产株式会社以补偿贸易方式引进成套设备技术,于1981年10月建成投产的一个现代化企业。该厂现有职工2300人,建厂投资3355万元,年产值6000多万元,具有年产500吨无毛绒和30万件羊绒衫的生产能力,是世界最大的无毛绒加工基地和国内最大的羊绒衫生产厂家。六年来,该厂的经济效益极为显著。投产第一年就收回了建厂总投资(一年实现利税3460万元)。

中学生制备超导体

中学生和研究人员一样,也“超导”了。英国查夏郡海尔斯白中学的六位学生成功地制出了一个高温超导体。他们是在阅读了《新科学家》中的一篇文章以后,决定干起来的。在那篇文章中,加尼福尼亚国际商用机器公司研究中心科学家保罗·格莱特建议,中学实验室可以将近期超导方面的突破重复出来。

我们这个世界到底怎么了

大厨:我们这个世界灾难是越来越多了,沙尘暴还没有让人们睁开眼睛,干旱的土地便开始龟裂。泥石流,龙卷风,抗旱的文件还没有印出来,抗洪的会议马上就要召开。我们这个世界到底怎么了?当灾难来临的时候,人们自然想起了环保。可灾难过去以后呢?人人都知道保护环境的重要了,可多数人还在经意不经意地破坏着这个世界的美丽。保护环境是一种行为,同时也是一种文化意识。所以,这个话题也就自然而然地出现在了我们的麻辣火锅里。

“纤维钻石”之都

在世界羊绒市场上,来自中国内蒙古鄂尔多斯的无毛绒、羊绒衫、羊绒纱,总能在蔚为大观的轻裘锦绒中脱颖而出,一下子就吸引住不同肤色不同国籍的客商们的目光。这些产品以驰名天下的阿尔巴斯白山羊绒为原料,品质极佳,尤其是其中的 KVSS 牌无毛绒,具有细度长度均优、光泽柔和、手感细软、洁白度高等特点,平均含粗0.1%,含杂0.2%,被世界羊绒市场誉为"中国1号无毛绒"、"纤维钻石"。这些年羊绒精品的生产者,就是内蒙古鄂尔多斯羊绒衫厂。鄂尔多斯羊绒衫厂始建于1979年,初始投资3355万元,以补偿贸易的方式成套引进日本具有80年代世界先进水平的羊绒加工技术设备;1981年10月正式投产。目前,该厂已形成年生产无毛绒500吨、羊绒纱300吨、羊绒衫120万件的能力;固定资产原值达9480万元,是当今世界上最大的山羊绒加工企业。该厂的主要产品有无毛绒、羊绒衫、羊绒纱、双面提花羊绒时装、羊绒裙、羊绒背心、羊绒围巾、羊绒坯布、羊绒大衣呢、羊绒毯、丝绒混纺衫、兔绒混纺衫、羊毛衫、羊兔毛衫、绞花羊毛衫、双面提花羊毛衫、双层羊毛衫等50多个品种、2000多个花色;其产品畅销日本、美国、意大利、法国、瑞士、荷兰、澳大利亚。

商业银行与官方银行

驻莫斯科的克雷格·梅洛评述了青年银行家急切尝试商业银行的进程 克雷格·梅洛 在俄罗斯,银行业和其他人的生活一样不稳定。1993年7月1日起,中央银行将推出新的资本需要量。全国4,000家左右银行,其中80％可能因此而关闭。当然。

Anti-Jamming Performance of Fountain Coded Differential Frequency Hopping Systems in AWGN

Based on the anti-jamming performance of differential frequency hopping （DFH） systems in Additive White Gaussian Noise （AWGN） channel, Fountain code is introduced to the DFH systems as the outer error correcting code in this paper to investigate the improvements against partial-band jamming over AWGN channel. The performance of Fountain coded DFH is theoretically analyzed and numerically simulated. The total frequency of hopping in the simulation is 16, and results show that, on one hand, when exact jamming state information （JSI） is available, and the number of jamming frequency is n= 16, the bit error rate （BER） of 10~3 is achieved with the signal to interference ratio （SIR） approximately 7.5 dB over AWGN channel, and the performance improves about 1-1.5dB compared with the no-coded system. When the number of jamming frequency is n=2, the performance increases 15-17dB. On the other hand, when JSI is unavailable, a joint JSI estimation and decoding algorithm is proposed. The BER of 10 3 is achieved with jamming-frequency n 16, SIR=8dB and signal noise ratio （SNR） 10dB over AWGN channel. It＇s proved that this algorithm provides robust anti-jamming pertbrmance even without JSI. The anti-jamming performance of Fountain coded DFH systems is obviously superior to no-coded DFH systems.

Removal of noises from electromagnetic radiation of coal or rock with EEMD-adaptive morphological filter

The electromagnetic radiation （EMR） signal collected by monitoring system during coal or rock dynamic disaster may be interferred easily by electromagnetic noises in mines. The noises have a direct influence on the recognition and analysis of the EMR signal features during the disaster. With the aim of removing these noises, an ensemble empirical mode decomposition （EEMD） adaptive morphological filter was proposed. From the result of the simulation and the experiment, it is shown that the method can restrain the random noise and white Gaussian noise mixed with EMR signal effectively. The filter is highly useful for improving the robustness of the coal or rock dynamic disaster monitoring system.

Frequency Offset Compensation for Satellite Communication System with CE-OFDM

Constant envelope orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(CE-OFDM) is a waveform that can achieve 0d B peak-to-average power ratio and avoid the signal distortion caused by the nonlinear power amplifi er. However, the carrier frequency offset(CFO) in CE-OFDM systems can cause errors at phase unwrapper module. In this paper, a CFO estimation scheme is proposed for CEOFDM in satellite communication system. As the null subcarrier is inherent in the conjugate symmetric symbol structure at the transmitter, the proposed scheme uses the null subcarrier as prior information to estimate the CFO at the receiver. The ideal estimation range of normalized CFO is obtained by mathematical analysis. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can estimate the CFO accurately under additive white Gaussian noise(AWGN) channel and multipath fading channel, especially for moderate and high signal-to-noise ratio(SNR).

Joint Spectrum Sensing Based on Variance and Correlation Analysis

In this paper, a novel detection criterion is proposed to decide whether primary user(PU) exists based on joint analysis of the variance and correlation for observation signal,considering a correlation within the observed signal. Simultaneously, the corresponding detection thresholds are also designed. Simulation experiments verify the proposed method suits for the observation signal in Additive White Gaussian Noise(AWGN), Rayleigh,Rician channel and the detection performance is improved greatly.

Relationship between Epstein-Barr virus-encoded proteins with cell proliferation,apoptosis,and apoptosis-related proteins in gastric carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the interrelationship between Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded proteins and cell proliferation, apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins in gastric carcinoma, and to explore their role in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS: Tissues from 13 cases of EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) and 45 cases of matched EBV-negative gastric carcinoma (EBVnGC) were collected, and then subjected to analysis for apoptotic index (AI) using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay. Nuclear cell proliferation-associated antigen ki-67 index (KI), bcl-2, and p53 expression were examined by immunohistochemistry.p53 mutation in exons 5-8 of 13 EBVaGC cases was determined by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) and DNA sequencing.RT-PCR and Southern hybridization were used to detect the expression of nuclear antigens (EBNAs) 1 and 2, latent membrane protein (IMP) 1, immediately early gene BZLF1 and early genes BARF1 and BHRF1 in 13 EBVaGC cases. RESULTS: The percentage of AI, KI and p53 overexpression was significantly lower in the EBVaGC group than in the EBVnGC group. However, bcl-2 expression did not show significant difference between the two groups. p53 gene mutations were not found in 13 EBVaGCs. Transcripts of EBNA1 were detected in all 13 EBVaGCs, while both EBNA2 and LMP1 mRNA were not detected. Six of the thirteen cases exhibited BZLF1 transcripts and two exhibited BHRF1 transcripts. BARF1 mRNA was detected in six cases. CONCLUSION: Lower AI and KI may reflect a low biological activity in EBVaGC. EBV infection is associated with p53 abnormal expression but not bcl-2 protein in EBVaGC. BZLF1,BARF1,and BHRF1 may play important roles in inhibiting cell apoptosis and tumorigenesis of EBVaGC through different pathways.

Correlation of Epstein-Barr virus and its encoded proteins with Helicobacter pylori and expression of c-met and c-myc in gastric carcinoma

AIM： To investigate the interrelationship of Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） and EBV- encoded proteins with Helicobacter pylori （H pylor/~ infection and the expression of c-met and c-myc oncogene proteins in gastric carcinoma, and to explore their role in gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS： One hundred and eighty-five gastric carcinoma tissues were detected by polymerase chain reaction （PCR）-Southern blot for EBV genome and in situ hybridization （ISH） for EBV-encoded small RNA 1 （EBER1）. Gastric carcinoma with positive EBER1 signals was confirmed EBV-associated gastric carcinoma （EBVaGC）. The status of Hpylori infection in 185 gastric carcinomas was assessed by rapid urease test and PCR. The samples with positive PCR and urease test were defined as H pylorl infection. The expression of c-met and c-myc oncogene proteins in tissues of EBVaGC and matched EBV-negative gastric carcinoma （EBVnGC） were examined by immunohistochemistry. RT-PCR and Southern hybridization were used to detect the expression of nuclear antigens （EBNAs） 1 and 2, latent membrane protein （LMP） 1, early genes BARF1 and BHRF1 in EBVaGC cases. RESULTS： The positive rate of H pylori and EBV in 185 gastric carcinomas was 59.45% （110/185） and 7.03% （13/185） respectively. No difference was found in sex, age, pathological differentiation, clinical stages and lymph node metastasis between H pylori-positive and H pylori-negative gastric carcinomas. However, the positive rate of H pylori infection in the antrum gastric carcinomas was higher than that of cardia and body gastric carcinomas. In our series, age, pathological differentiation, clinical stages, lymph node metastasis and location of cancer were not different between EBVnGC and EBVaGC, while the positive rate of EBV in male patients was significantly higher than that of female patients. The positivity of Hpylori in EBV-associated and EBV-negative gastric carcinomas was 46.15% （6/13） and 81.40%（104/172） respectively. There was no significant correlation between EBV and H pylori infection. The c-met overexpression was significantly higher in the EBVaGC group than in the EBVnGC group. However, c-met and c-myc expression did not show significant difference between the two groups. Transcripts of EBNA1 were detected in all 13 EBVaGCs, while both EBNA2 and LMP1 mRNA were not detected. Six of the 13 cases exhibited BARF1 transcripts and 2 exhibited BHRF1 transcripts. CONCLUSION： The positivity of H pylori in EBVnGCs is higher than that of EBVaGCs, but no significant correlation is found between EBV infection and H pylori infection. H pylori-positive gastric carcinoma is predominant in antrum location, while EBVaGC has a tendency of predominance in cardia/body location. EBV infection is associated with c-met abnormal expression but not with c-myc protein in EBVaGC. c-met overexpression is not induced by LMP1. BARF1 and BHRF1 may play important roles in the tumorigenesis of EBVaGC through different pathways.

Global Pressure of One-Dimensional Polydisperse Granular Gases Driven by Gaussian White Noise

We study the global pressure of a one-dimensional polydisperse granular gases system for the first time, in which the size distribution of particles has the fractal characteristic and the inhomogeneity is described by a fractal dimension D. The particles are driven by Gaussian white noise and subject to inelastic mutual collisions. We define the global pressure P of the system as the impulse transferred across a surface in a unit of time, which has two contributions, one from the translational motion of particles and the other from the collisions. Explicit expression for the global pressure in the steady state is derived. By molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate how the inelasticity of collisions and the inhomogeneity of the particles influence the global pressure. The simulation results indicate that the restitution coefficient e and the fractal dimension D have significant effect on the pressure.

Noise-Induced Transition in a Voltage-Controlled Oscillator Neuron Model

In the presence of Gaussian white noise,we study the properties of voltage-controlled oscillator neuronmodel and discuss the effects of the additive and multiplicative noise.It is found that the additive noise can accelerate andcounterwork the firing of neuron,which depends on the value of central frequency of neuron itself,while multiplicativenoise can induce the continuous change or mutation of membrane potential.

Steady State Properties of One-Dimensional Non-uniform Granular Gases Subjected to Gaussian White Noise Driving

We present a model of non-uniform granular gases in one-dimensional case, whose granularity distribution has the fractal characteristic. We have studied the nonequilibrium properties of the system by means of Monte Carlo method. When the typical relaxation time T of the Brownian process is greater than the mean collision time To, the energy evolution of the system exponentially decays, with a tendency to achieve a stable asymptotic value, and the system finally reaches a nonequilibrium steady state in which the velocity distribution strongly deviates from the Gaussian one. Three other aspects have also been studied for the steady state： the visualized change of the particle density, the entropy of the system and the correlations in the velocity of particles. And the results of simulations indicate that the system has strong spatial clustering; Furthermore, the influence of the inelasticity and inhomogeneity on dynamic behaviors have also been extensively investigated, especially the dependence of the entropy and the correlations in the velocity of particles on the restitute coefficient e and the fractal dimension D.

Resonant Activation Induced by Four-Value Noise

The phenomenon of the resonant activation （RA） of a particle over a fluctuating potential barrier with a four-value noise is investigated. It is shown that the mean first passage time （MFPT） displays six minima as the function of the transition rates γ1, γ2, γ3, γ4, γ5, and 76 of the four-value noise, respectively. In addition, the effect of other parameters of the system, such as the noise strength D of the additive Gaussian white noise and the parameter value a, b, c, and d of the four-value noise, on the RAs is also investigated.

Spiral Wave in Small-World Networks of Hodgkin-Huxley Neurons

The effect of small-world connection and noise on of Hodgkin-Huxley neurons are investigated in detail. Some the formation and transition of spiral wave in the networks interesting results are found in our numerical studies, i） The quiescent neurons are activated to propagate electric signal to others by generating and developing spiral wave from spiral seed in small area. ii） A statistical factor is defined to describe the collective properties and phase transition induced by the topology of networks and noise, iii） Stable rotating spiral wave can be generated and keeps robust when the rewiring probability is below certain threshold, otherwise, spiral wave can not be developed from the spiral seed and spiral wave breakup occurs for a stable rotating spiral wave. iv） Gaussian white noise is introduced on the membrane of neurons to study the noise-induced phase transition on spiral wave in small-world networks of neurons. It is confirmed that Ganssian white noise plays active role in supporting and developing spiral wave in the networks of neurons, and appearance of smaller factor of synchronization indicates high possibility to induce spiral wave.

Regulation of Survivin and CDK4 by Epstein-Barr virus encoded latent mem-brane protein 1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines

Latent membrane protein 1 （LMP1）, an important protein encoded by Epstein Barr virus （EBV）, has been implied to link with the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma （NPC）. Its dual effects of increasing cell proliferation and inhibiting cell apoptosis have been confirmed. In this study, we showed that the expression of Survivin and CDK4 protein in CNE-LMP1, a LMP1 positive NPC epithelial cell line, is higher than in LMP1 negative NPC epithelial cell line- CNE1, and the expression is LMP1 dosage-dependent. Although it was reported that Survivin specifically expressed in cell cycle G2/M phase, our studies suggested that LMP1 could promote the expression of Survivin in G0/G1, S and G2/ M phase. It also showed that Survivin and CDK4 could be accumulated more in the nuclei triggered by LMP1. More interestingly, Survivin and CDK4 could form a protein complex in the nuclei of CNE-LMP1 rather than in that of CNE1, which demonstrated that the interaction between these two proteins could be promoted by LMPI. These results strongly suggested that the role of LMP1 in the regulation of Survivin and CDK4 may also shed some light on the mechanism research of LMP1 in NPC.