1st October 2009 is the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.Over the last 60 years,particularly since the reform and opening up,China has completed the historical transition of population reproduction,...1st October 2009 is the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.Over the last 60 years,particularly since the reform and opening up,China has completed the historical transition of population reproduction,becoming demographically a developed country.In order to celebrate the achievements of China’s population and demography,this issue of Population and Development Forum has invited some distinguished Chinese demographers to summarize and discuss the major changes and progress that have been made in population and demography in China over the 60 years.Professor Wu Cangping examines the irreplaceable position of demography as a discipline in China.Professor Li Jianmin highlights the unique pattern of China’s demographic transition in the context of changing population policy.Professor Wang Guixin looks at changing patterns of migration in China in the context of socio-economic changes in China.Professor Gui Shixun explores China’s old-age security system in the context of rapid aging in China.Finally Professor Yuan Xin calls for both theoretical and empirical researches on the unprecedented demographic challenges in China now and future.展开更多
AIM:To examine the determinants of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) METHODS:A nested case-control study was conducted in Changsha,Hunan,People's Republic of China from January 1,2005 to Sep...AIM:To examine the determinants of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) METHODS:A nested case-control study was conducted in Changsha,Hunan,People's Republic of China from January 1,2005 to September 31,2006 To avoid potential maternal blood contamination,we collected vein blood of newborns immediately after birth and before initial hepatitis B vaccination to determine the HBV infection status of the newborn For each HBsAg-positive infant,one HBsAg-negative infant born to an HBsAg-positive mother was matched by hospital at birth(same),gender(same),and date of birth(within 1 mo) A faceto-face interview was conducted to collect clinical and epidemiological data Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the independent effects of various determinants on maternal-neonatal transmission of HBV RESULTS:A total of 141 HBsAg-positive infants and 141 individually matched HBsAg-negative infants were included in the final analysis Maternal first-degree family history of HBV infection,intrahepatic cholestasis,and premature rupture of membranes were risk factors for perinatal transmission of HBV,whereas systematic treatment and HBV immunoglobulin injections for mothers with HBV infection were protective factors for maternal-neonatal transmission of HBV,after adjustment for potential confounding factors CONCLUSION:For HBsAg-positive mothers,systematic treatment,HBV immunoglobulin administration,and controlling intrahepatic cholestasis and pregnancy complications may reduce the incidence of perinatal transmission of HBV.展开更多
China as the world＇ s most populous country, the number of demographic change is an essential element of social development plan under consideration. This article combined with the background, based on the birth rate...China as the world＇ s most populous country, the number of demographic change is an essential element of social development plan under consideration. This article combined with the background, based on the birth rate, mortality indicators as well as the corresponding changes in the age structure, demographic trends predict the future based on the current form of the economy analysis the population of 60 years since the founding of New China .China＇ s population control based on the complexity of the future still need to take tight family planning policy, change the mechanism of population control, optimize population structure, improve population quality.展开更多
OBJECTIVE Though doxorubicin is highly active in the treatment of multiple myeloma, its toxicity profile limits its therapeutic index. We performed this study to evaluate the efficacy and liposomal doxorubicin （PLD, ...OBJECTIVE Though doxorubicin is highly active in the treatment of multiple myeloma, its toxicity profile limits its therapeutic index. We performed this study to evaluate the efficacy and liposomal doxorubicin （PLD, Ca of pegylated , vincristine, and reduced-dose dexamethasone combination therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma （MM） patients in a Chinese population. METHODS This was an open-label, single-arm study in which newly diagnosed patients with MM received PLD 40 mg/m2 intravenously on Day 1, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 intravenously （maximum 2 rag） on Day 1, and 40 mg of dexamethasone （intravenously or orally） from Day 1 to Day 4. Treatment was repeated every 28 days for at least 4 cycles. RESULTS In the intent-to-treat （ITT） analysis, the overall response rate was 68.29%, and the complete remission rate was 10.98%. The incidence of all adverse events was 46.34%. The most common non-hematologic toxicities were palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia （13.4%） and stomatitis （6.1%）. CONCLUSION PLD, vincristine, and a reduceddose dexamethasone combination （DVd） is an effective and safe regimen in newly diagnosed MM patients in a Chinese population.展开更多
文摘1st October 2009 is the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.Over the last 60 years,particularly since the reform and opening up,China has completed the historical transition of population reproduction,becoming demographically a developed country.In order to celebrate the achievements of China’s population and demography,this issue of Population and Development Forum has invited some distinguished Chinese demographers to summarize and discuss the major changes and progress that have been made in population and demography in China over the 60 years.Professor Wu Cangping examines the irreplaceable position of demography as a discipline in China.Professor Li Jianmin highlights the unique pattern of China’s demographic transition in the context of changing population policy.Professor Wang Guixin looks at changing patterns of migration in China in the context of socio-economic changes in China.Professor Gui Shixun explores China’s old-age security system in the context of rapid aging in China.Finally Professor Yuan Xin calls for both theoretical and empirical researches on the unprecedented demographic challenges in China now and future.
基金Supported by Hunan Ministry of Science and Technology,No.06FJ3177,China
文摘AIM:To examine the determinants of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis B virus(HBV) METHODS:A nested case-control study was conducted in Changsha,Hunan,People's Republic of China from January 1,2005 to September 31,2006 To avoid potential maternal blood contamination,we collected vein blood of newborns immediately after birth and before initial hepatitis B vaccination to determine the HBV infection status of the newborn For each HBsAg-positive infant,one HBsAg-negative infant born to an HBsAg-positive mother was matched by hospital at birth(same),gender(same),and date of birth(within 1 mo) A faceto-face interview was conducted to collect clinical and epidemiological data Conditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the independent effects of various determinants on maternal-neonatal transmission of HBV RESULTS:A total of 141 HBsAg-positive infants and 141 individually matched HBsAg-negative infants were included in the final analysis Maternal first-degree family history of HBV infection,intrahepatic cholestasis,and premature rupture of membranes were risk factors for perinatal transmission of HBV,whereas systematic treatment and HBV immunoglobulin injections for mothers with HBV infection were protective factors for maternal-neonatal transmission of HBV,after adjustment for potential confounding factors CONCLUSION:For HBsAg-positive mothers,systematic treatment,HBV immunoglobulin administration,and controlling intrahepatic cholestasis and pregnancy complications may reduce the incidence of perinatal transmission of HBV.
文摘China as the world＇ s most populous country, the number of demographic change is an essential element of social development plan under consideration. This article combined with the background, based on the birth rate, mortality indicators as well as the corresponding changes in the age structure, demographic trends predict the future based on the current form of the economy analysis the population of 60 years since the founding of New China .China＇ s population control based on the complexity of the future still need to take tight family planning policy, change the mechanism of population control, optimize population structure, improve population quality.
文摘OBJECTIVE Though doxorubicin is highly active in the treatment of multiple myeloma, its toxicity profile limits its therapeutic index. We performed this study to evaluate the efficacy and liposomal doxorubicin （PLD, Ca of pegylated , vincristine, and reduced-dose dexamethasone combination therapy in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma （MM） patients in a Chinese population. METHODS This was an open-label, single-arm study in which newly diagnosed patients with MM received PLD 40 mg/m2 intravenously on Day 1, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 intravenously （maximum 2 rag） on Day 1, and 40 mg of dexamethasone （intravenously or orally） from Day 1 to Day 4. Treatment was repeated every 28 days for at least 4 cycles. RESULTS In the intent-to-treat （ITT） analysis, the overall response rate was 68.29%, and the complete remission rate was 10.98%. The incidence of all adverse events was 46.34%. The most common non-hematologic toxicities were palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia （13.4%） and stomatitis （6.1%）. CONCLUSION PLD, vincristine, and a reduceddose dexamethasone combination （DVd） is an effective and safe regimen in newly diagnosed MM patients in a Chinese population.
