抓住政策机遇 加快产业结构调整——山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司总经理 于小虎

山西北方兴安化学工业有限公司是中国兵器工业集团公司所属大型一类企业,位于山西省太原市尖草坪区,始建于1953年,投产于1960年,是国家"一五"期间重点建设的156项工程之一。公司曾获国家二级企业称号、国家二级计量单位、一级理化单位、山西省"重合同、守信用"单位、山西省模范企业,兵器行业现场管理五星级单位,银行 AA 级信用度单位等荣誉。军品通过GJB/Z-96质量体系认证。民品通过 ISO9002质量体系认证。

Evolution of China's Import Structure from 2000 to 2014

This paper creates a new analytical framework for analyzing the international trade structure, estimates the changes in China＇s import structure, and conducts a comparative analysis with 18 countries. This paper＇s findings are as follows： （1） Between 2000 and 2014, China＇s import structure underwent fundamental changes, with a significant rise in the share of non-agricultural primary commodities and high-tech products in China＇s total imports. The overall technology level in China＇s imports decreased at first before keeping on the rise since 2007. （2） High-tech products always represent the highest share of around 20% in the world import market. However, the share of high-tech products in China＇s imports did not meet the worm average level until 2012. （3） Developing countries account for less than 25% of China＇s imports except for agricultural primary commodities. Developed countries have always accounted for more than 50% of China＇s total imports of medium-high-tech, high-tech and ultra-high-tech products.

An Innovative City： Impact of Innovations on City Development

The process of innovative development is stimulated by cities as centers of accumulated （regional） growth and innovative enterprises as elements of urban space. Cities stimulate innovations by creating a specific demand for innovations and innovative products as well as specific incentives such as preferable conditions for creation, accumulation, usage, and exchange of knowledge and information. Diffusion of ideas has an impact on changes in environment resulting in increase in dynamics of innovation, which means possibilities of innovative development for local firms. The paper highlights the idea of an innovative city with respect to the impact of innovations on city development. The concept of an innovative city is not clearly defined because the interpretation of innovation is differentiated and ambiguous except for common denominator of the novelty. The paper underlines the role of city＇s environment for innovations＇ creation acting as an incubator for clusters of firms, particularly those engaged in the process of high-tech involvement （technology parks）. The option of an innovative city approach presented here is the author＇s view on an innovative city＇s growth and it is based on the role of synergic interaction between innovative firms as elements of a city space and an innovative city itself.

China’s Imports Technology Structure and Its Relationship with Trade Partners:1995-2011

This paper uses the latest data to analyze the historical patterns and the current situation of the technology structure of China＇ commodities imports, the structure of China＇s commodities imports from 19 countries and regions, and China＇s interdependent relationship with its trade partners on the basis of studying 230 kinds of manufactured products categorized by their technological intensity. The results show that during the period of 1995-2011, the share of low technology （low-tech） products and medium technology （medium-tech） products declined,＂ the share of primary products, resource- based products, and high technology （high-tech） products increased; high-tech products had taken the largest share, bypassing low-tech and medium-tech products, as early as 2000; different types of countries exported different kinds of commodities to China and had different positions in China＇s imports; China had relatively high interdependent relations with Japan, South Korea and China＇s Taiwan; China had relatively low interdependent relations with the United States, Germany, France and the Netherlands; China＇s import dependence on major developing countries and emerging developing countries was less than these countries＇ export dependence on China; China was the leading export destination for major developing countries and emerging developing countries. Generally speaking, the development of China＇s import trade is inclusive, and China shares its growth with other countries. It not only promotes developing countries＇exports but also enhances developed countries＇ exports.

Effective decision-making model for hi-tech new product development

In order to identify the effective decision-making factors at the individual NPD project manager level, a new effective decision-making model has been established by introducing the concept of decision-making effectiveness, analyzing the role of expertise, and identifying the major role of expertise and insight with respect to the interfaces between a new product, an organization, customers, technologies and regulations, for the study of the effective decision-making facilitators and inhibitors for a NPD project. The analysis of the unique task conditions for individual decision-makers shows that perceived complexity, uncertainty and time pressure have their negative effect on the effective decision-making process. It is concluded that the flexible, balanced and appropriate use of rational analysis, common sense and intuition is a key effective decision-making factor, and the psychologically ‘active attitude’ of a manager is also an important factor for successful dealing with the difficult task conditions.

The innovation of China＇s farm products marketing

Aimed at the current actuality of farm products in China, the key point is the innovation of marketing if we want to share farm products market. This article discusses on four aspects： The innovation of both tactics and strategies of the farm products marketing; using the new marketing means, selling the products on Internet; improving the standard of the products, opening out the green products; the new sale mode. This article will give the active effect for the China＇s farm products market ing.

A Research on QFD-＂House of Brand＂ in Fashion Industry

Fashion continues to be an area that reflects the increasing popularity of different theoretical and practical approaches of researchers from different disciplines. Due to the rapid cycles of fashion, sustainable products and processes in terms of technical creativity and innovative approach are needed. In this context, fashion marketing emerges as an integrative marketing application with its both technical and social aspects by taking potential customers center that symbolize rapid change and creativity of fashion products. In this study, QFD-House of Brand was designed with Quality Function Deployment （QFD） approach. In this context, the experts （focus group） in Fashion Industry evaluated the selected fashion brand and its selected products by prioritizing the criteria. These evaluations were used in QFD-House of Brand. Thus, technical and social aspects of fashion industry were analysed together. By this technique, QFD-House of Brand established in relation to products and brand was interpreted and optimization suggestions were presented in accordance with the findings of the research. In addition, suggestions on sustainability and optimization of brand equity in fashion industry were provided.

Erythropoietin： From a Biosimilar to Innovative Products Protected by Industrial Property Assets

Aim： EPO （erythropoietin） is a hormone that stimulates the erythropoiesis and is mainly produced by the kidneys. In the early 1990s among the emerging biotech drugs, the recombinant human EPO （rhEPO） was the best-selling product worldwide, reaching nearly three billion dollars annually. The CIM （center of molecular immunology） produced and sold the rhEPO as commercial strategy to recover the investment made in its new facilities. This work summarizes the inventions that protect the innovative products developed by three Cuban institutions, starting from rhEPO, and the industrial property strategy followed by them. Methods： The information was obtained from the United States Patent, Trademark Office （USPTO） database, Patentscope, Espacenet, patent databases of Center for Pharmaceutical Research and Drug Development （CIDEM） and Cuban Industrial Property Office. Conclusions： The manufacturing process of CIM＇s EPO has its own patent family. From a manufacturing by product an innovative formulation protected by patent was obtained. There is a patent family around the nasal formulation and it continues enlarging. From a biosimilar pharmaceutical innovative products impacting on human health have been obtained.