In recent years, many countries implement the TBT in the export trade practice of agricultural products, which has greatly positive influence on the Chinese agricultural products export enterprise. On the basis of gre...In recent years, many countries implement the TBT in the export trade practice of agricultural products, which has greatly positive influence on the Chinese agricultural products export enterprise. On the basis of green technical innovation concept, the paper had determined the enterprise green technical innovation motivation mechanism, analyzed the influence of TBT on green technical innovation of the enterprise, and integrated Chinese reality to analyze the influence of TBT on green technical innovation of Chinese agricultural enterprise. Finally, based on the above analysis, the paper proposed corresponding suggestions to the Chinese government.展开更多
Information age and the rapid development of information technology has brought the infinite creativity and possibility for all works in modem society. If CAD technology is first innovation of information technology i...Information age and the rapid development of information technology has brought the infinite creativity and possibility for all works in modem society. If CAD technology is first innovation of information technology in construction industry, then the emergence of the BIM technology shall fully deserved to be treated as a second innovation in construction industry. As a new technology which have been introduced to China in recent years, BIM technology already had its major application in foreigner countries .This paper focuses on the current status of BIM technology application in our country, especially on some small and medium enterprises using the traditional BIM technology to handle the project which have complex usage,creative deign and cost limitation. Firstly,we take a deep analysis on the initial application situation. Then we go through the practical application and analyse what benefit can be given to a project from BIM technology. Finally, analyse the problems and solutions in BIM application with consideration of Chinese building engineering development. Only after a careful analysis, a deep understanding of BIM, we can fully understand this new technology and make BIM to give its value to construction project.展开更多
Construction management innovation system of metro in China is put forward in this paper. Guidelines,objective system,new management ideas and contents of this construction management innovation system are set forth p...Construction management innovation system of metro in China is put forward in this paper. Guidelines,objective system,new management ideas and contents of this construction management innovation system are set forth particularly. The construction management innovation system of metro can meet needs of building harmonious and economized society and realizing sustainable development in China,it is also an important part of science & technology innovation system.展开更多
This paper by analyzing the current situation and problems in China's current two-year vocational college English teaching system, employment-oriented focuses on developing students' professional competence jobs for...This paper by analyzing the current situation and problems in China's current two-year vocational college English teaching system, employment-oriented focuses on developing students' professional competence jobs for Reconstruction and innovative two-year vocational college English teaching system reform ideas, curriculum segments, curriculum construction, teaching design, teaching evalua-tion model and extracurricular teaching supplement five in-depth discussions, in order to make it more effective, science, flexibility and professional relevance, and lay a good foundation for English language students' future employment and real work.展开更多
The introduction of the new budget law is one of the most important achievements of the construction of national legal system. It is a landmark event in building financial system. The new budget law has made a lot of ...The introduction of the new budget law is one of the most important achievements of the construction of national legal system. It is a landmark event in building financial system. The new budget law has made a lot of breakthroughs and innovations in the budget managemenL to lead direction for further deepen fiscal reform. However, the modification of the budget law can only adopt the principle of limited modification, there are still many problems. This paper discusses the innovation and deficiency of the new budget law under the background of budget law modification, and makes suggestions to further improve the budget law.展开更多
The current study investigated the value and significance of the existence of the old industrial buildings, as well as the necessity and difficulty to renovate the design. Combined with successful cases, this study an...The current study investigated the value and significance of the existence of the old industrial buildings, as well as the necessity and difficulty to renovate the design. Combined with successful cases, this study analyzed and showed that one should not only deal with the relationship between the original architectural style and construction of modem cities in the process of renovation design of the old industrial building space. More attention should also be paid to create new space to meet the functional requirements of the modem features, and then complete substantial renovation of old industrial building space through the innovative design. In the use of aesthetic innovative design for the renovation of the old industrial building space, people must respect the space of old industrial buildings as the prerequisite of the renovation design. It is needed to expound the local space reconstruction methods and design principles respectively on the basis of respect. And then one should grasp the whole space and make the structured design and reasonable use according to the new space functional requirements of different functional areas. This paper attempted to learn from environmental art study on the renovation of old industrial buildings space and in terms of innovative design. The authors explored the innovative thinking on the renovation design of old industrial building space through the analysis of the reality.展开更多
Starting with the basic knowledge of the system, the researcher analyzes the significance of institutional innovation in revitalizing old industrial bases in Northeast of China. It is not difficult to discover that No...Starting with the basic knowledge of the system, the researcher analyzes the significance of institutional innovation in revitalizing old industrial bases in Northeast of China. It is not difficult to discover that Northeast's backwardness is caused by both of the historical and the artificial reasons. What's more, owing to the establishment of market economy, the old system no longer satisfies the development of the new system. Therefore, in order to speed up the Northeast region's economy and make it truly become the fourth growth pole, we must accelerate the innovation system.展开更多
In emergence of design, it is undoubted to be informed from nature for how things get done. But in architecture, the students are not used to start up with biological investigation. Instead of analogues, it is permitt...In emergence of design, it is undoubted to be informed from nature for how things get done. But in architecture, the students are not used to start up with biological investigation. Instead of analogues, it is permitted to pursue an evolvability systematics for built emerge. The systematics relies upon the key assumptions of Kirschner who sought the characteristics of biological evolution. For an integrated design thinking of an architectural mind, this is a methodological study, which strategically adapts living forms' evolvability capacity to built-forms' structural emergence. The study outlines the evolution strategy with experimental studios of building and design. The preceding systematic is taught in distinguished courses. It is purposed to build an easy-to-apply framework for how to generate novel structures and how the spatial structure units are organized to emerge with an imagined nature as novel tectonic model. Besides, building up structural thinking into the consilience of evolution strategy, the study is also distinguished for understanding the value system of architectural mind to diagnose the genuine character of inventive built form. Strategy constructs processes. Thinking strategy concludes by the evolvability directives of studio assignments and they are given as flow-charts and project models.展开更多
The intensification of mobility of individuals from an Indian community to United States in the quest for jobs that neoliberal government has been unable to create, is the result of the lack of policies regarding nati...The intensification of mobility of individuals from an Indian community to United States in the quest for jobs that neoliberal government has been unable to create, is the result of the lack of policies regarding native Mexicans. Recently, the installation of maquila factories surrounding a little Indian community in the north of Mexico City captured some labor force, but since the salaries are too low, people has to migrate, provoking, among others, problems such as family breakdown, new drug habits as well as abandonment of agriculture. This paper will focus on some migrant experiences in the context of their relationship and interaction with host societies and other immigrant groups and the accompanying forms of alienation, resistance and the recovery of a sense of self.展开更多
Some new innovative constructions and piling technologies for improvement of offshore and port berthing structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to decrease required power of construction ...Some new innovative constructions and piling technologies for improvement of offshore and port berthing structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to decrease required power of construction (in particular, piling) equipment and, correspondingly, to improve environmental situation at the construction site. Another achieved goal is providing long tubular piles installation in hard soils conditions without application of very heavy and powerful driving machines. Worked out solutions are based on two approaches. One of them provides separate loading of driving force on pile's shaft and pile's tip concentrating the whole driving force on one of the mentioned parts of the pile. Another approach is focused on prevention of soil plug formation inside of the tubular pile tip facilitating the pile installation process. Also improved anchorage system for sheet piling seafront walls is presented and discussed. All considered innovations are patented and can be used in wide range of marine, offshore, coastal and harbor structures.展开更多
Growing competition has prompted enterprises to choose construct Technological Innovation Network to promote innovation, however the innovation network is a risky innovation system, how to carry out a comprehensive ri...Growing competition has prompted enterprises to choose construct Technological Innovation Network to promote innovation, however the innovation network is a risky innovation system, how to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment of the innovation network is particularly important. This paper focused on the technological innovation network risk analysis, used extenics to define which risk levels should these various risk factors in technological innovation network belongs to. And used Shanghai Caohejing hi tech park to do the empirical research, comfirmed risk factors which have the larger influence on technological innovation network.Enterprises can face them as the main objects of enterprise risk management, in order to improve the success rate of the innovation of the enterprise technological innovation network.展开更多
This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to establish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge's large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferd...This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to establish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge's large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferdam lowered as a whole and used as a protective structure against impact from ship collision; Permanent scour protection. This article also presents economical and reasonable design method for large bridge foundation and explains the significance of innovation and technical integration to large and complicated project construction based on the above theory.展开更多
The novelties in the representation of strongholds in Alentejo-southem Portugal, frontier with Spain, considered as a "theater of war" during the 17th and 18th centuries-followed European influences, which the theor...The novelties in the representation of strongholds in Alentejo-southem Portugal, frontier with Spain, considered as a "theater of war" during the 17th and 18th centuries-followed European influences, which the theorists responsible for training the engineers in active in the country at this time, Luis Serrao Pimentel and Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, intend to apply. Several drawings bring testimony to this, by showing different ways of representing natural or built elements, allowing for comparisons with other regions of the country or even Europe. The comparison with earlier projects, and given the information contained mainly in the works of Luis Serr^o Pimentel and Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, lead us not only to the conclusion of the acceptance of the proposed rules, in order to enrich the profile of military engineers in Portugal, but also to notice the changes that this acceptance signified, emphasizing especially the technical and artistic sensibility of the authors of these projects of military architecture.展开更多
Growing competition has prompted enterprises to choose construct Technological Innovation Network to promote innovation, however the innovation network is a risky innovation system, how to carry out a comprehensive ri...Growing competition has prompted enterprises to choose construct Technological Innovation Network to promote innovation, however the innovation network is a risky innovation system, how to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment of the innovation network is particularly important. This paper focused on the technological innovation network risk analysis, used extenics to define which risk levels should these various risk factors in technological innovation network belongs to. And used Shanghai Caohejing hi tech park to do the empirical research, comfirmed risk factors which have the larger influence on technological innovation network.Enterprises can face them as the main objects of enterprise risk managemenL in order to improve the success rate of the innovation of the enterprise technological innovation network.展开更多
Teachers in the colleges and universities bear the responsibility to cultivate high-level expertises with innovative awareness and practical ability. The application of multimedia technology in teaching plays a very i...Teachers in the colleges and universities bear the responsibility to cultivate high-level expertises with innovative awareness and practical ability. The application of multimedia technology in teaching plays a very important role in the knowledge teaching and capacity building. Teachers should not only thoroughly understand the advantages of multimedia in teaching, but also aware its drawbacks. Only in that case, multimedia technology can be applied correctly to improve their teaching skills and to better serve students and society.展开更多
We explore the idea of current university teaching reform of Chinese art, the contemporary Chinese painting cannot help with the status quo and reform. Because after all, the fundamental purpose of teaching Chinese pa...We explore the idea of current university teaching reform of Chinese art, the contemporary Chinese painting cannot help with the status quo and reform. Because after all, the fundamental purpose of teaching Chinese painting is to train a large number of innovative awareness and skills of professionals in order to promote the prosperity and development of Chinese painting. So, therefore, to reform the teaching of Chinese painting not only should be synchronized with the innovation of Chinese painting, Chinese painting should be involved in the development and reform of a series of important topics discussed making forward-looking thinking. Starting from the basic characteristics of painting, we are to explore ways to image modeling and imagery observation method according to melting into the hold of the art teaching among Chinese oaintin~ is one of a fundamental issue.展开更多
The processes of globalization, the consequences of which are evident in all comers and at all levels of the contemporary world are linked to an increasing homogenization. Disciplines of architecture and urban design ...The processes of globalization, the consequences of which are evident in all comers and at all levels of the contemporary world are linked to an increasing homogenization. Disciplines of architecture and urban design contribute to that process, which is affecting the very definitions of place and identity. A desire to maintain and (re)create local identity within the context of that increasingly global world is connected to reviving of the past or to various interpretations of history, and preservation of the built environment of the place. This paper identifies peculiar processes of creation and maintenance of identity of place in the precincts of Tokyo Yanaka, Nezu and Sendagi, known as Yanesen. The authors argue that in Yanesen innovation appears as the byproduct of complex and creative responses to the threats of globalization, within a perpetual interplay of persistence and change. The paper opens a number of questions of where and how innovation in built environment can contribute to persistence of place identity.展开更多
On the basis of analysis to the operating characteristics of SMEs, the paper pointed out: There is poor access to finance, lack of internal control systems, accounting foundation work is weak, financial Management In...On the basis of analysis to the operating characteristics of SMEs, the paper pointed out: There is poor access to finance, lack of internal control systems, accounting foundation work is weak, financial Management Information Building and other issues in the financial management of SMEs.This paper proposes measures for SMEs to create a favorable policy environment and services, conduct financial system innovation, emphasis on financial innovation and incentives talents, network management, and establish relevant financial penalties supervision system.展开更多
Dutch building regulation is under construction. After the report of the commission "Fundamentele Verkenning Bouw" in 2008, several studies have been done on the principals that the commission outlined in its report...Dutch building regulation is under construction. After the report of the commission "Fundamentele Verkenning Bouw" in 2008, several studies have been done on the principals that the commission outlined in its report. Local authorities and parties in construction were invited to start experiments with a more privatized system of building control. But this faced a lack of participation, partly due to the impact of the crisis. The minister responsible for housing and construction invited in 2011 a "Bouwteam" to develop an agenda for action for construction. In 2012, 17 action teams started to focus, speed up and simplify the planning and development of construction. Recently, the two teams related to building regulation presented their plans. The first was a roadmap towards private building control, the second, a proposal for an independent body to answer questions on constructions plans that do intrinsically but not legally meet the standards of building regulation. There is considerable controversy regarding the way that this implementation team is paving its path towards private building control. While the minister for housing conformed himself to a subsidized private implementing team, the Dutch Parliament has expressed its own priorities for regulation: insured guarantee to protect users and owners, a role for local authorities regarding safety and acceptance of buildings and simplification of building regulation and control for simple construction works. The parliament held a round-table conference to get informed about private building control. Recently, a proposal by the minister for housing was discussed. Further debate will be needed to decide about the next steps in innovation building regulation, which will take place in the upcoming months. ERB/RIGO (Foundation Expert Centre Regulations in Building/Research Institute for Real Estate) have developed own proposals for the public-private relation regarding development and construction of buildings. They expect that their proposals might be of help. The proposals are laid down in several publications and partly realized in experimental development of "to be approved" technical solutions. This paper reflects on the differences between their proposals and these of the roadmap, on the possible outcome of the ongoing debate and its implications, legal and technical, on building regulation and on legal and contractual liability. This paper tries to give an inside view on the development of regulation and the pros and cons of the proposals, starting from a theoretical outline of building regulation.展开更多
In 2008, two governmental committees presented their conclusions on strengthening the role of the private building sector in building control. In 2011, three new studies were commissioned by the government to address ...In 2008, two governmental committees presented their conclusions on strengthening the role of the private building sector in building control. In 2011, three new studies were commissioned by the government to address perceived problems. One of them was an integral study, executed by ERB (Foundation Expertcentre Regulations in Building), RIGO (Research Institute for Real Estate) and TNO (Research Institute for Applied Technologies), to innovate the whole building regulations system. It led to proposals to redefine responsibility and liability for all parties. This study states that by an effort of yearly £100 million, unnecessary costs up to £l billion can be avoided and a real quality push will take place in the building and real estate markets. The goals to reach are to minimize the administrative burden for the building owner and to enforce the construction industry to build conforming to the regulations. This paper discusses the ERB study and the given proposals. The ERB study demonstrated that a quality push is needed which potential will lead to less costs for building owners. It also shows that proven solutions, part of the regulations, might be of help for all parties involved.展开更多
文摘In recent years, many countries implement the TBT in the export trade practice of agricultural products, which has greatly positive influence on the Chinese agricultural products export enterprise. On the basis of green technical innovation concept, the paper had determined the enterprise green technical innovation motivation mechanism, analyzed the influence of TBT on green technical innovation of the enterprise, and integrated Chinese reality to analyze the influence of TBT on green technical innovation of Chinese agricultural enterprise. Finally, based on the above analysis, the paper proposed corresponding suggestions to the Chinese government.
文摘Information age and the rapid development of information technology has brought the infinite creativity and possibility for all works in modem society. If CAD technology is first innovation of information technology in construction industry, then the emergence of the BIM technology shall fully deserved to be treated as a second innovation in construction industry. As a new technology which have been introduced to China in recent years, BIM technology already had its major application in foreigner countries .This paper focuses on the current status of BIM technology application in our country, especially on some small and medium enterprises using the traditional BIM technology to handle the project which have complex usage,creative deign and cost limitation. Firstly,we take a deep analysis on the initial application situation. Then we go through the practical application and analyse what benefit can be given to a project from BIM technology. Finally, analyse the problems and solutions in BIM application with consideration of Chinese building engineering development. Only after a careful analysis, a deep understanding of BIM, we can fully understand this new technology and make BIM to give its value to construction project.
文摘Construction management innovation system of metro in China is put forward in this paper. Guidelines,objective system,new management ideas and contents of this construction management innovation system are set forth particularly. The construction management innovation system of metro can meet needs of building harmonious and economized society and realizing sustainable development in China,it is also an important part of science & technology innovation system.
文摘This paper by analyzing the current situation and problems in China's current two-year vocational college English teaching system, employment-oriented focuses on developing students' professional competence jobs for Reconstruction and innovative two-year vocational college English teaching system reform ideas, curriculum segments, curriculum construction, teaching design, teaching evalua-tion model and extracurricular teaching supplement five in-depth discussions, in order to make it more effective, science, flexibility and professional relevance, and lay a good foundation for English language students' future employment and real work.
文摘The introduction of the new budget law is one of the most important achievements of the construction of national legal system. It is a landmark event in building financial system. The new budget law has made a lot of breakthroughs and innovations in the budget managemenL to lead direction for further deepen fiscal reform. However, the modification of the budget law can only adopt the principle of limited modification, there are still many problems. This paper discusses the innovation and deficiency of the new budget law under the background of budget law modification, and makes suggestions to further improve the budget law.
文摘The current study investigated the value and significance of the existence of the old industrial buildings, as well as the necessity and difficulty to renovate the design. Combined with successful cases, this study analyzed and showed that one should not only deal with the relationship between the original architectural style and construction of modem cities in the process of renovation design of the old industrial building space. More attention should also be paid to create new space to meet the functional requirements of the modem features, and then complete substantial renovation of old industrial building space through the innovative design. In the use of aesthetic innovative design for the renovation of the old industrial building space, people must respect the space of old industrial buildings as the prerequisite of the renovation design. It is needed to expound the local space reconstruction methods and design principles respectively on the basis of respect. And then one should grasp the whole space and make the structured design and reasonable use according to the new space functional requirements of different functional areas. This paper attempted to learn from environmental art study on the renovation of old industrial buildings space and in terms of innovative design. The authors explored the innovative thinking on the renovation design of old industrial building space through the analysis of the reality.
文摘Starting with the basic knowledge of the system, the researcher analyzes the significance of institutional innovation in revitalizing old industrial bases in Northeast of China. It is not difficult to discover that Northeast's backwardness is caused by both of the historical and the artificial reasons. What's more, owing to the establishment of market economy, the old system no longer satisfies the development of the new system. Therefore, in order to speed up the Northeast region's economy and make it truly become the fourth growth pole, we must accelerate the innovation system.
文摘In emergence of design, it is undoubted to be informed from nature for how things get done. But in architecture, the students are not used to start up with biological investigation. Instead of analogues, it is permitted to pursue an evolvability systematics for built emerge. The systematics relies upon the key assumptions of Kirschner who sought the characteristics of biological evolution. For an integrated design thinking of an architectural mind, this is a methodological study, which strategically adapts living forms' evolvability capacity to built-forms' structural emergence. The study outlines the evolution strategy with experimental studios of building and design. The preceding systematic is taught in distinguished courses. It is purposed to build an easy-to-apply framework for how to generate novel structures and how the spatial structure units are organized to emerge with an imagined nature as novel tectonic model. Besides, building up structural thinking into the consilience of evolution strategy, the study is also distinguished for understanding the value system of architectural mind to diagnose the genuine character of inventive built form. Strategy constructs processes. Thinking strategy concludes by the evolvability directives of studio assignments and they are given as flow-charts and project models.
文摘The intensification of mobility of individuals from an Indian community to United States in the quest for jobs that neoliberal government has been unable to create, is the result of the lack of policies regarding native Mexicans. Recently, the installation of maquila factories surrounding a little Indian community in the north of Mexico City captured some labor force, but since the salaries are too low, people has to migrate, provoking, among others, problems such as family breakdown, new drug habits as well as abandonment of agriculture. This paper will focus on some migrant experiences in the context of their relationship and interaction with host societies and other immigrant groups and the accompanying forms of alienation, resistance and the recovery of a sense of self.
文摘Some new innovative constructions and piling technologies for improvement of offshore and port berthing structures are worked out and discussed. The aims of innovations are to decrease required power of construction (in particular, piling) equipment and, correspondingly, to improve environmental situation at the construction site. Another achieved goal is providing long tubular piles installation in hard soils conditions without application of very heavy and powerful driving machines. Worked out solutions are based on two approaches. One of them provides separate loading of driving force on pile's shaft and pile's tip concentrating the whole driving force on one of the mentioned parts of the pile. Another approach is focused on prevention of soil plug formation inside of the tubular pile tip facilitating the pile installation process. Also improved anchorage system for sheet piling seafront walls is presented and discussed. All considered innovations are patented and can be used in wide range of marine, offshore, coastal and harbor structures.
文摘Growing competition has prompted enterprises to choose construct Technological Innovation Network to promote innovation, however the innovation network is a risky innovation system, how to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment of the innovation network is particularly important. This paper focused on the technological innovation network risk analysis, used extenics to define which risk levels should these various risk factors in technological innovation network belongs to. And used Shanghai Caohejing hi tech park to do the empirical research, comfirmed risk factors which have the larger influence on technological innovation network.Enterprises can face them as the main objects of enterprise risk management, in order to improve the success rate of the innovation of the enterprise technological innovation network.
文摘This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to establish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge's large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferdam lowered as a whole and used as a protective structure against impact from ship collision; Permanent scour protection. This article also presents economical and reasonable design method for large bridge foundation and explains the significance of innovation and technical integration to large and complicated project construction based on the above theory.
文摘The novelties in the representation of strongholds in Alentejo-southem Portugal, frontier with Spain, considered as a "theater of war" during the 17th and 18th centuries-followed European influences, which the theorists responsible for training the engineers in active in the country at this time, Luis Serrao Pimentel and Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, intend to apply. Several drawings bring testimony to this, by showing different ways of representing natural or built elements, allowing for comparisons with other regions of the country or even Europe. The comparison with earlier projects, and given the information contained mainly in the works of Luis Serr^o Pimentel and Manuel de Azevedo Fortes, lead us not only to the conclusion of the acceptance of the proposed rules, in order to enrich the profile of military engineers in Portugal, but also to notice the changes that this acceptance signified, emphasizing especially the technical and artistic sensibility of the authors of these projects of military architecture.
文摘Growing competition has prompted enterprises to choose construct Technological Innovation Network to promote innovation, however the innovation network is a risky innovation system, how to carry out a comprehensive risk assessment of the innovation network is particularly important. This paper focused on the technological innovation network risk analysis, used extenics to define which risk levels should these various risk factors in technological innovation network belongs to. And used Shanghai Caohejing hi tech park to do the empirical research, comfirmed risk factors which have the larger influence on technological innovation network.Enterprises can face them as the main objects of enterprise risk managemenL in order to improve the success rate of the innovation of the enterprise technological innovation network.
文摘Teachers in the colleges and universities bear the responsibility to cultivate high-level expertises with innovative awareness and practical ability. The application of multimedia technology in teaching plays a very important role in the knowledge teaching and capacity building. Teachers should not only thoroughly understand the advantages of multimedia in teaching, but also aware its drawbacks. Only in that case, multimedia technology can be applied correctly to improve their teaching skills and to better serve students and society.
文摘We explore the idea of current university teaching reform of Chinese art, the contemporary Chinese painting cannot help with the status quo and reform. Because after all, the fundamental purpose of teaching Chinese painting is to train a large number of innovative awareness and skills of professionals in order to promote the prosperity and development of Chinese painting. So, therefore, to reform the teaching of Chinese painting not only should be synchronized with the innovation of Chinese painting, Chinese painting should be involved in the development and reform of a series of important topics discussed making forward-looking thinking. Starting from the basic characteristics of painting, we are to explore ways to image modeling and imagery observation method according to melting into the hold of the art teaching among Chinese oaintin~ is one of a fundamental issue.
文摘The processes of globalization, the consequences of which are evident in all comers and at all levels of the contemporary world are linked to an increasing homogenization. Disciplines of architecture and urban design contribute to that process, which is affecting the very definitions of place and identity. A desire to maintain and (re)create local identity within the context of that increasingly global world is connected to reviving of the past or to various interpretations of history, and preservation of the built environment of the place. This paper identifies peculiar processes of creation and maintenance of identity of place in the precincts of Tokyo Yanaka, Nezu and Sendagi, known as Yanesen. The authors argue that in Yanesen innovation appears as the byproduct of complex and creative responses to the threats of globalization, within a perpetual interplay of persistence and change. The paper opens a number of questions of where and how innovation in built environment can contribute to persistence of place identity.
文摘On the basis of analysis to the operating characteristics of SMEs, the paper pointed out: There is poor access to finance, lack of internal control systems, accounting foundation work is weak, financial Management Information Building and other issues in the financial management of SMEs.This paper proposes measures for SMEs to create a favorable policy environment and services, conduct financial system innovation, emphasis on financial innovation and incentives talents, network management, and establish relevant financial penalties supervision system.
文摘Dutch building regulation is under construction. After the report of the commission "Fundamentele Verkenning Bouw" in 2008, several studies have been done on the principals that the commission outlined in its report. Local authorities and parties in construction were invited to start experiments with a more privatized system of building control. But this faced a lack of participation, partly due to the impact of the crisis. The minister responsible for housing and construction invited in 2011 a "Bouwteam" to develop an agenda for action for construction. In 2012, 17 action teams started to focus, speed up and simplify the planning and development of construction. Recently, the two teams related to building regulation presented their plans. The first was a roadmap towards private building control, the second, a proposal for an independent body to answer questions on constructions plans that do intrinsically but not legally meet the standards of building regulation. There is considerable controversy regarding the way that this implementation team is paving its path towards private building control. While the minister for housing conformed himself to a subsidized private implementing team, the Dutch Parliament has expressed its own priorities for regulation: insured guarantee to protect users and owners, a role for local authorities regarding safety and acceptance of buildings and simplification of building regulation and control for simple construction works. The parliament held a round-table conference to get informed about private building control. Recently, a proposal by the minister for housing was discussed. Further debate will be needed to decide about the next steps in innovation building regulation, which will take place in the upcoming months. ERB/RIGO (Foundation Expert Centre Regulations in Building/Research Institute for Real Estate) have developed own proposals for the public-private relation regarding development and construction of buildings. They expect that their proposals might be of help. The proposals are laid down in several publications and partly realized in experimental development of "to be approved" technical solutions. This paper reflects on the differences between their proposals and these of the roadmap, on the possible outcome of the ongoing debate and its implications, legal and technical, on building regulation and on legal and contractual liability. This paper tries to give an inside view on the development of regulation and the pros and cons of the proposals, starting from a theoretical outline of building regulation.
文摘In 2008, two governmental committees presented their conclusions on strengthening the role of the private building sector in building control. In 2011, three new studies were commissioned by the government to address perceived problems. One of them was an integral study, executed by ERB (Foundation Expertcentre Regulations in Building), RIGO (Research Institute for Real Estate) and TNO (Research Institute for Applied Technologies), to innovate the whole building regulations system. It led to proposals to redefine responsibility and liability for all parties. This study states that by an effort of yearly £100 million, unnecessary costs up to £l billion can be avoided and a real quality push will take place in the building and real estate markets. The goals to reach are to minimize the administrative burden for the building owner and to enforce the construction industry to build conforming to the regulations. This paper discusses the ERB study and the given proposals. The ERB study demonstrated that a quality push is needed which potential will lead to less costs for building owners. It also shows that proven solutions, part of the regulations, might be of help for all parties involved.