根据植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(简称DUS)测试的原理和技术规则,在主要参考国际植物新品种保护联盟(International union for the protection of new varieties of plants,简称UPOV)、欧盟植物品种局(The community plant variet...根据植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(简称DUS)测试的原理和技术规则,在主要参考国际植物新品种保护联盟(International union for the protection of new varieties of plants,简称UPOV)、欧盟植物品种局(The community plant variety office,简称CPVO)和日本的非洲凤仙新品种测试指南基础上,再结合国内外的资源,研制出了适用于我国的非洲凤仙新品种测试指南。该指南在UPOV指南的25个测试性状基础上增加了9个性状,合计为34个性状。该指南对其适用对象、性状的选择与确定、性状分级、标准品种的选用和DUS判定标准进行了探讨,为非洲凤仙新品种的授权提供了测试技术的支撑。展开更多
As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of t...As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their importance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more significant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants(UPOV proj.3) and national DUS test guidelines in China, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.展开更多
Before farmers can benefit from new improved maize varieties with novel genetic information, new maize varieties have to undergo performance testing, registration and approval. The registration procedures require that...Before farmers can benefit from new improved maize varieties with novel genetic information, new maize varieties have to undergo performance testing, registration and approval. The registration procedures require that new maize varieties must pass the tests for value for cultivation and use （VCU） and standardized tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability （DUS）. To meet the minimum requirements for variety release, public and private sector maize breeding programs routinely assemble breeding nurseries and evaluate variety performance in National and Regional Performance Trials （NRPT） with the objective of generating important agronomic data to identify the best maize varieties for release. In spite of intensive variety evaluation in regional and national trials, only few maize varieties have been registered and released annually in sub-Saharan Africa （SSA） denying farmers access to new improved varieties. The purpose of this study was to identify constraints hampering the registration and release of elite maize gennplasm and make recommends on how to quicken the deployment of elite germplasm to smallholders＇ farmers. A survey was conducted on the varietal testing and release systems in 14 selected countries （Angola, Benin, Ethiopia, Malawi, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe） in SSA. The results from the study show that regulations on variety testing and release procedures in the various countries are overlapping and rigid hindering the deployment and commercialization of new improved maize germplasm. The study also showed that varietal release rates fluctuated between countries with South Africa having the highest number of varietal release rates per year and some countries failing to release a single variety per year.展开更多
文摘根据植物新品种特异性、一致性和稳定性(简称DUS)测试的原理和技术规则,在主要参考国际植物新品种保护联盟(International union for the protection of new varieties of plants,简称UPOV)、欧盟植物品种局(The community plant variety office,简称CPVO)和日本的非洲凤仙新品种测试指南基础上,再结合国内外的资源,研制出了适用于我国的非洲凤仙新品种测试指南。该指南在UPOV指南的25个测试性状基础上增加了9个性状,合计为34个性状。该指南对其适用对象、性状的选择与确定、性状分级、标准品种的选用和DUS判定标准进行了探讨,为非洲凤仙新品种的授权提供了测试技术的支撑。
基金Supported by Special Fund for Scientific Research in the Public Interest of Ministry of Agriculture(200903008-15)
文摘As great progress has been made in the field of protection of new plant varieties, more attention is paid to the standardization of DUS(Distinctness, Uniformity, and Stability) test procedure. For further studies of tropical plants as their importance in agriculture and germplasm, protection of coconut becomes more significant and thus DUS test technique of coconut is needed. In this essay, we analyzed the status quo of the DUS test guidelines by International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants(UPOV proj.3) and national DUS test guidelines in China, and provided some suggestions or promotions for improving the guidelines of DUS test in coconut.
文摘Before farmers can benefit from new improved maize varieties with novel genetic information, new maize varieties have to undergo performance testing, registration and approval. The registration procedures require that new maize varieties must pass the tests for value for cultivation and use （VCU） and standardized tests for distinctness, uniformity and stability （DUS）. To meet the minimum requirements for variety release, public and private sector maize breeding programs routinely assemble breeding nurseries and evaluate variety performance in National and Regional Performance Trials （NRPT） with the objective of generating important agronomic data to identify the best maize varieties for release. In spite of intensive variety evaluation in regional and national trials, only few maize varieties have been registered and released annually in sub-Saharan Africa （SSA） denying farmers access to new improved varieties. The purpose of this study was to identify constraints hampering the registration and release of elite maize gennplasm and make recommends on how to quicken the deployment of elite germplasm to smallholders＇ farmers. A survey was conducted on the varietal testing and release systems in 14 selected countries （Angola, Benin, Ethiopia, Malawi, Ghana, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, Kenya, South Africa, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe） in SSA. The results from the study show that regulations on variety testing and release procedures in the various countries are overlapping and rigid hindering the deployment and commercialization of new improved maize germplasm. The study also showed that varietal release rates fluctuated between countries with South Africa having the highest number of varietal release rates per year and some countries failing to release a single variety per year.
