A selective moving window partial least squares(SMW-PLS) soft sensor was proposed in this paper and applied to a hydro-isomerization process for on-line estimation of para-xylene(PX) content. Aiming at the high freque...A selective moving window partial least squares(SMW-PLS) soft sensor was proposed in this paper and applied to a hydro-isomerization process for on-line estimation of para-xylene(PX) content. Aiming at the high frequency of model updating in previous recursive PLS methods, a selective updating strategy was developed. The model adaptation is activated once the prediction error is larger than a preset threshold, or the model is kept unchanged.As a result, the frequency of model updating is reduced greatly, while the change of prediction accuracy is minor.The performance of the proposed model is better as compared with that of other PLS-based model. The compromise between prediction accuracy and real-time performance can be obtained by regulating the threshold. The guidelines to determine the model parameters are illustrated. In summary, the proposed SMW-PLS method can deal with the slow time-varying processes effectively.展开更多
After announcing the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020, the Chinese leadership also called for a new path of industrialization, putting a premium on quality and new development c...After announcing the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020, the Chinese leadership also called for a new path of industrialization, putting a premium on quality and new development concepts. Unlike traditional industrialization in the broad or narrow sense, new-type industrialization features synergy between primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, integration between traditional economy and the new economy, environmental protection, technology progress, and innovation. It represents an inclusive approach to industrial development. At the fundamental level, the success of China’s new-type industrialization can be attributed to China’s inclusive learning and innovations.展开更多
This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to establish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge's large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferd...This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to establish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge's large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferdam lowered as a whole and used as a protective structure against impact from ship collision; Permanent scour protection. This article also presents economical and reasonable design method for large bridge foundation and explains the significance of innovation and technical integration to large and complicated project construction based on the above theory.展开更多
Based on a comprehensive material and research, various factors are analyzed that influence coal depleted cities economic development. From this analysis investment countermeasures are put forward for the coal deplete...Based on a comprehensive material and research, various factors are analyzed that influence coal depleted cities economic development. From this analysis investment countermeasures are put forward for the coal depleted cities economy development.展开更多
The continuous changing impacts appeared in all solution understanding approaches in the projects management field （especially in the construction field of work） by adopting dynamic solution paths. The paper will de...The continuous changing impacts appeared in all solution understanding approaches in the projects management field （especially in the construction field of work） by adopting dynamic solution paths. The paper will define what argue to be a better relational model for project management constraints （time, cost and scope）. This new model will increase the success factors of any complex program/project. This is a qualitative research adopting a new avenue of investigation by following different approach of attributing project activities with social phenomena, and supporting phenomenon with field of observations rather than mathematical method by emerging solution from human, and ants＇ colonies successful practices. The results will show the correct approach of relation between the triple constraints considering the relation as multi agents system having specified communication channels based on agents locations. Information will be transferred between agents, and action would be taken based on constraint agents locations in the project structure allowing immediate changes abilities in order to overcome issues of over budget, behind schedule and additional scope impact. This is complex adaptive system having self organized technique, and cybernetic control. Resulted model can be used for improving existing project management methodologies.展开更多
Structures of slender shape, like guyed masts, chimneys or TV towers, are exposed to the excitation of dynamic movements. The most common cause of vibration is the wind that reduces generation of vortices. Another imp...Structures of slender shape, like guyed masts, chimneys or TV towers, are exposed to the excitation of dynamic movements. The most common cause of vibration is the wind that reduces generation of vortices. Another important reason is a sudden strike from seismic or para-seismic forces. Structure exposed to wind impact is subjected to harmonically various force, perpendicular to the air stream, which is an effect of vortices, shedding on alternate sides of slructure. Because of the possibility of vibration the damping of a structure has to be designed. Measuring of decay in the oscillation allows to find the logarithmic decrement of the real structure and compare it with the designed value. Apart from damping, the proper designing of tall slender structures has to preserve the significant difference between vortex shedding frequencies and the natural frequencies of the structure shape modes. In the case of guyed masts it is important to analyse the response of a real structure to the exceptional dynamic load, such as a sudden break of guy or fall off a load from a structure, e.g., icing or antennas. The dynamic analysis of a real slructure requires the accurate values describing the dynamic behavior of tall structures （e.g., amplitudes）. The accuracy of 0.1 mm is provided by ground-based interferometric radar. This device is a part of the IBIS-S （image by interferometric survey） system, which calculates the displacement values on the basis of the difference between phases of waves received in consecutive samples. Typically, the measurements of tall structures are performed with several sensors （strain gauges, accelerometers）. Instead, the IBIS-S system allows the quasi-continuous （not limited to points） observation of the entire structure without installation of any sensors or reflectors. The real resolution （along the structure）, which means the minimum distance between two observed points, amounts up to about 0.7 m,展开更多
The Malaysian government＇s vision to be a developed nation by 2020 has pushed forward the use of innovative technologies in most sectors and industries, including the construction industry. Through the ETP （Economic...The Malaysian government＇s vision to be a developed nation by 2020 has pushed forward the use of innovative technologies in most sectors and industries, including the construction industry. Through the ETP （Economic Transformation Programme）, major projects launched are expected to provide a great catalyst for the economy, and may become the platform for increasing the use of automation and highly enhanced plants and machineries in the construction industry. Innovations in most countries are mostly driven by the need to find revolutionary solutions to problems, such as a shortage of skilled labor, decreasing quality of product and processes, inferior working conditions, declining productivity and increasing costs of labor and materials. Automation and robotics technologies encompass a wide range of innovative technologies using technologically advanced machineries to improve the speed and efficiency of a given process. This paper discusses the readiness of a developing country in embracing construction automation and robotics, by exploring industry perception, suggested practices and barriers to its implementation using a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews directed at Malaysian construction finns of contractors, specialist sub-contractors, developers and consultants. The findings show that the Malaysian construction industry is ready, to a certain extent, for implementing the technologies in limited areas such as prefabrication and assembly and in the design, planning and costing phases.展开更多
This study focuses on a CFD modelling of biomass-derived syngas co-firing with coal in an older mid-sized PC-fired boiler of type OP-230 with low-emission burners on the front wall. The simulations were performed to d...This study focuses on a CFD modelling of biomass-derived syngas co-firing with coal in an older mid-sized PC-fired boiler of type OP-230 with low-emission burners on the front wall. The simulations were performed to determine whether the boiler can be retrofitted for the fulfilment of the prospective environmental protection regulations relating to levels of NO_X emissions. The improvement of the air staging via the dual-fuel technique was based on the indirect co-firing technology. The impact of two arrangements of dedicated syngas nozzles(below and above the existing coal burners), two syngas compositions and two heat replacements(5% and 15%) on the course of thermal processes in a furnace was tested. The reductions in NO_X emissions were predicted relative to the baseline when only coal is combusted. The highest reduction of about 38% was achieved with the syngas nozzles below the existing coal burners and 15% heat replacement. This arrangement of nozzles offers the residence time sufficient to co-fire coal with waste derived syngas. A lower reduction in NO_X emissions was obtained with the nozzles above the burners as the enlargement of local fuel rich zone near syngas injection becomes significant for 15% heat replacement. Results provide for the decreasing impact of methane content along with the increase of syngas heat input. The avoided CO_2 emissions through the syngas indirect co-firing with coal in the boiler are linear function of heat replacements.展开更多
Spiritual construction in contemporary China is an important ideological task raised by China＇s historical practice. Modem development often entails entering into ＂modem civilization＂; yet the abstract understandin...Spiritual construction in contemporary China is an important ideological task raised by China＇s historical practice. Modem development often entails entering into ＂modem civilization＂; yet the abstract understanding of this civilization hides its essential rules and historical nature. China has pursued development on different historical premises from the West, and therefore it belongs only partially to modem capitalist civilization. Its rapid development highlights the historical limits of the latter. Realistic prospects for Chinese development imply a transformation and remodeling of China＇s overall way of life, attitudes to life and values, and this inevitably calls for a new form of philosophy. The intellectual sources for this new philosophy are Chinese philosophy, Western philosophy and Marxist philosophy. Their creative integration points in a positive way to the possibility of a new type of civilization.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61203133,61203072)the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology(ICT1214)
文摘A selective moving window partial least squares(SMW-PLS) soft sensor was proposed in this paper and applied to a hydro-isomerization process for on-line estimation of para-xylene(PX) content. Aiming at the high frequency of model updating in previous recursive PLS methods, a selective updating strategy was developed. The model adaptation is activated once the prediction error is larger than a preset threshold, or the model is kept unchanged.As a result, the frequency of model updating is reduced greatly, while the change of prediction accuracy is minor.The performance of the proposed model is better as compared with that of other PLS-based model. The compromise between prediction accuracy and real-time performance can be obtained by regulating the threshold. The guidelines to determine the model parameters are illustrated. In summary, the proposed SMW-PLS method can deal with the slow time-varying processes effectively.
文摘After announcing the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by 2020, the Chinese leadership also called for a new path of industrialization, putting a premium on quality and new development concepts. Unlike traditional industrialization in the broad or narrow sense, new-type industrialization features synergy between primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, integration between traditional economy and the new economy, environmental protection, technology progress, and innovation. It represents an inclusive approach to industrial development. At the fundamental level, the success of China’s new-type industrialization can be attributed to China’s inclusive learning and innovations.
文摘This article introduces three outstanding innovations, i.e. utilization of the steel casing for the piles to establish a construction platform for Sutong Bridge's large and deep-pile groups; 5000 ton steel cofferdam lowered as a whole and used as a protective structure against impact from ship collision; Permanent scour protection. This article also presents economical and reasonable design method for large bridge foundation and explains the significance of innovation and technical integration to large and complicated project construction based on the above theory.
文摘Based on a comprehensive material and research, various factors are analyzed that influence coal depleted cities economic development. From this analysis investment countermeasures are put forward for the coal depleted cities economy development.
文摘The continuous changing impacts appeared in all solution understanding approaches in the projects management field （especially in the construction field of work） by adopting dynamic solution paths. The paper will define what argue to be a better relational model for project management constraints （time, cost and scope）. This new model will increase the success factors of any complex program/project. This is a qualitative research adopting a new avenue of investigation by following different approach of attributing project activities with social phenomena, and supporting phenomenon with field of observations rather than mathematical method by emerging solution from human, and ants＇ colonies successful practices. The results will show the correct approach of relation between the triple constraints considering the relation as multi agents system having specified communication channels based on agents locations. Information will be transferred between agents, and action would be taken based on constraint agents locations in the project structure allowing immediate changes abilities in order to overcome issues of over budget, behind schedule and additional scope impact. This is complex adaptive system having self organized technique, and cybernetic control. Resulted model can be used for improving existing project management methodologies.
文摘Structures of slender shape, like guyed masts, chimneys or TV towers, are exposed to the excitation of dynamic movements. The most common cause of vibration is the wind that reduces generation of vortices. Another important reason is a sudden strike from seismic or para-seismic forces. Structure exposed to wind impact is subjected to harmonically various force, perpendicular to the air stream, which is an effect of vortices, shedding on alternate sides of slructure. Because of the possibility of vibration the damping of a structure has to be designed. Measuring of decay in the oscillation allows to find the logarithmic decrement of the real structure and compare it with the designed value. Apart from damping, the proper designing of tall slender structures has to preserve the significant difference between vortex shedding frequencies and the natural frequencies of the structure shape modes. In the case of guyed masts it is important to analyse the response of a real structure to the exceptional dynamic load, such as a sudden break of guy or fall off a load from a structure, e.g., icing or antennas. The dynamic analysis of a real slructure requires the accurate values describing the dynamic behavior of tall structures （e.g., amplitudes）. The accuracy of 0.1 mm is provided by ground-based interferometric radar. This device is a part of the IBIS-S （image by interferometric survey） system, which calculates the displacement values on the basis of the difference between phases of waves received in consecutive samples. Typically, the measurements of tall structures are performed with several sensors （strain gauges, accelerometers）. Instead, the IBIS-S system allows the quasi-continuous （not limited to points） observation of the entire structure without installation of any sensors or reflectors. The real resolution （along the structure）, which means the minimum distance between two observed points, amounts up to about 0.7 m,
文摘The Malaysian government＇s vision to be a developed nation by 2020 has pushed forward the use of innovative technologies in most sectors and industries, including the construction industry. Through the ETP （Economic Transformation Programme）, major projects launched are expected to provide a great catalyst for the economy, and may become the platform for increasing the use of automation and highly enhanced plants and machineries in the construction industry. Innovations in most countries are mostly driven by the need to find revolutionary solutions to problems, such as a shortage of skilled labor, decreasing quality of product and processes, inferior working conditions, declining productivity and increasing costs of labor and materials. Automation and robotics technologies encompass a wide range of innovative technologies using technologically advanced machineries to improve the speed and efficiency of a given process. This paper discusses the readiness of a developing country in embracing construction automation and robotics, by exploring industry perception, suggested practices and barriers to its implementation using a questionnaire survey and semi-structured interviews directed at Malaysian construction finns of contractors, specialist sub-contractors, developers and consultants. The findings show that the Malaysian construction industry is ready, to a certain extent, for implementing the technologies in limited areas such as prefabrication and assembly and in the design, planning and costing phases.
基金carried out in the framework of 3190/23/P and S/WZ/1/2015 works financed by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland from the funds for science
文摘This study focuses on a CFD modelling of biomass-derived syngas co-firing with coal in an older mid-sized PC-fired boiler of type OP-230 with low-emission burners on the front wall. The simulations were performed to determine whether the boiler can be retrofitted for the fulfilment of the prospective environmental protection regulations relating to levels of NO_X emissions. The improvement of the air staging via the dual-fuel technique was based on the indirect co-firing technology. The impact of two arrangements of dedicated syngas nozzles(below and above the existing coal burners), two syngas compositions and two heat replacements(5% and 15%) on the course of thermal processes in a furnace was tested. The reductions in NO_X emissions were predicted relative to the baseline when only coal is combusted. The highest reduction of about 38% was achieved with the syngas nozzles below the existing coal burners and 15% heat replacement. This arrangement of nozzles offers the residence time sufficient to co-fire coal with waste derived syngas. A lower reduction in NO_X emissions was obtained with the nozzles above the burners as the enlargement of local fuel rich zone near syngas injection becomes significant for 15% heat replacement. Results provide for the decreasing impact of methane content along with the increase of syngas heat input. The avoided CO_2 emissions through the syngas indirect co-firing with coal in the boiler are linear function of heat replacements.
文摘Spiritual construction in contemporary China is an important ideological task raised by China＇s historical practice. Modem development often entails entering into ＂modem civilization＂; yet the abstract understanding of this civilization hides its essential rules and historical nature. China has pursued development on different historical premises from the West, and therefore it belongs only partially to modem capitalist civilization. Its rapid development highlights the historical limits of the latter. Realistic prospects for Chinese development imply a transformation and remodeling of China＇s overall way of life, attitudes to life and values, and this inevitably calls for a new form of philosophy. The intellectual sources for this new philosophy are Chinese philosophy, Western philosophy and Marxist philosophy. Their creative integration points in a positive way to the possibility of a new type of civilization.
