祁连山北麓河流阶地与新构造演化

对祁连山北麓十几条河流的阶地进行野外调查和测量，获得大量河流阶地的分布特征、高度、结构、发育程度和形成年龄等资料和数据，分析河流阶地的发育和变形特征及其与新构造活动的关系，划分几种挤压构造区阶地的变形模式及其所反映的新构造演化特征。从阶地发育的年龄序列划分本区自中更新世中期以来，约0．45—0．15MaB．P．和约0．15MaB．P．至今的两次强烈构造活动阶段，以及它们分别具有的约0．100和约30000a的间歇性构造波动。对东西部不同地段阶地发育与变形特征对比研究表明，祁连山北麓西部新构造活动比东部强烈。

阿拉善地块晚古生代构造演化新模式:来自岩浆岩和沉积岩的记录

本文根据阿拉善地块岩浆岩和沉积岩的记录分析,结合造山带岩石圈演化,提出阿拉善地块随着古亚洲洋在晚志留世末闭合,发生弧-陆或陆-陆碰撞、以及与相邻地块的碰撞,使陆壳得到广泛加厚;晚古生代时期以伸展为特征,早石炭世造山带岩石圈初始垮塌,致使阿拉善地块北部珠斯楞—杭乌拉带由泥盆纪相对稳定的被动陆缘,转为活动陆缘,并形成一套前弧碎屑岩-火山岩沉积;晚石炭世乌力吉—宗乃山—沙拉扎山带岩石圈初始垮塌、诺尔公—红古玉林带造山带岩石圈初始垮塌,由此构成阿拉善地块岩石圈部分垮塌,使中南部广泛区域沉降,形成一套后弧环境的海相碳酸盐-碎屑岩沉积岩石组合,并伴随同时期的辉长岩等基性岩体侵入;二叠纪造山带岩石圈完全垮塌,大规模软流圈上涌物质和热,使俯冲的洋壳物质、加厚下地壳混合物质、交代岩石圈地幔衍生新生物质等被加热熔融,形成高(超)钾岩浆储库。早二叠世,因侧向强迫重力翻转或受塔里木早二叠世地幔柱活动的触发,导致高(超)钾质岩浆沿珠斯楞、乌力吉、诺尔公陆壳中的岩石圈不连续挤出,以气球膨胀式短时、快速侵位,形成以珠斯楞、乌力吉、诺尔公为代表的二叠纪巨量花岗岩带,该时期也应该是阿拉善地块最重要的大规模成矿时期。阿拉善地块是华北克拉通的组成部分,至今在其南部依然保留着大于200 km厚的岩石圈。阿拉善地块在早古生代时期汇聚,伴随古亚洲洋、祁连洋的形成、演化与消亡及与华北地块相互作用,使阿拉善地块被“破坏”;晚古生代时期伸展,伴随造山带岩石圈垮塌被“肢解”,总体上属于西部“华北克拉通破坏”范畴,显生宙以来的构造-岩浆事件,是西部“华北克拉通破坏”的响应。

Control of differential tectonic evolution on petroleum occurrence in Bohai Bay Basin

The Bohai Bay Basin(BBB)is the most petroliferous Cenozoic basin in the east of China.It consists of seven depressions.Each depression has been subjected to different stress states and then has experienced varying faulting processes since the Neogene,especially during the Neotectonism(from the Pliocene to the present).On the basis of the investigation of fault patterns,fault densities and fault activity rates(FARs)for each depression,this paper demonstrates the discrepancy of faulting development and evolution across the BBB.The dynamic mechanism for the differences in faulting is also discussed by the analysis of the regional stress state.The Bozhong Depression is just situated in the transtensional zone induced by the two active strike-slip faults,namely Yingkou-Weifang and Beijing-Penglai.In this depression,the major faults which cut through the Paleogene or the Cenozoic have had higher than 10 m/Ma FARs since the Neogene,and the highest FARs have reached or exceeded 25 m/Ma during the Neotectonism.As a result,most of the petroleum has migrated along these major faults and accumulated within the Neogene.In contrast,in the other depressions of the BBB away from the Bozhong Depression,the FARs of the major faults were decreased to lower than 10 m/Ma since the Neogene,and tended to be zero during the Neotectonism.Therefore,the major faults could not serve as vertical conduits for petroleum migration,and the petroleum was entrapped in the Paleogene.Consequently,the faulting since the Neogene,especially during the Neotectonism,controlled the petroleum richness in vertical strata.

Sedimentary fill history of the Huicheng Basin in the West Qinling Mountains and associated constraints on Mesozoic intracontinental tectonic evolution

The Qinling Orogenic Belt is divided commonly by the Fengxian-Taibai strike-slip shear zone and the Huicheng Basin into the East and West Qinling mountains, which show significant geological differences after the Indosinian orogeny. The Fengxian-Taibai fault zone and the Meso-Cenozoic Huicheng Basin, situated at the boundary of the East and West Qinling, provide a natural laboratory for tectonic analysis and sedimentological study of intracontinental tectonic evolution of the Qin- ling Orogenic Belt. In order to explain the dynamic development of the Huicheng Basin and elucidate its post-orogenic tecton- ic evolution at the junction of the East and West Qinling, we studied the geometry and kinematics of fault zones between the blocks of West Qinling, as well as the sedimentary fill history of the Huicheng Basin. First, we found that after the collisional orogeny in the Late Triassic, post-orogenic extensional collapse occurred in the Early and Middle Jurassic within the Qinling Orogenic Belt, resulting in a series of rift basins. Second, in the Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, a NE-SW compressive stress field caused large-scale sinistral strike-slip faults in the Qinling Orogenic Belt, causing intracontinental escape tectonics at the junction of the East and West Qinling, including eastward finite escape of the East Qinling micro-plate and southwest lateral escape of the Bikou Terrane. Meanwhile, the strike-slip-related Early Cretaceous sedimentary basin was formed with a fight-order echelon arrangement in sinistral shear zones along the southern margin of the Huicheng fault. Overall during the Mesozoic, the Huicheng Basin and surrounding areas experienced four tectonic evolutionary stages, including extensional rift basin development in the Early and Middle Jurassic, intense compressive uplift in the Late Jurassic, formation of a strike-slip extensional basin in the Early Cretaceous, and compressive uplift in the Late Cretaceous.

Cenozoic tectonic and sedimentary evolution of southern Qaidam Basin, NE Tibetan Plateau and its implication for the rejuvenation of Eastern Kunlun Mountains

The Eastern Kunlun Mountains play an important role in the growth and eastward extrusion of the Tibetan Plateau. Tectonic and sedimentary study of the Cenozoic Qaidam Basin, especially the southern part, provides key evidence for understanding their evolution. Here we present evidence including isopach maps, seismic sections and sedimentary analysis of single well to illustrate the sedimentary development of the basin and the structural features of its southern margin. The Qaidam Basin extended across Qiman Tagh-Eastern Kunlun Mountains in the early Cenozoic and withdrew northward at ca. 35.5 Ma, and then buckled as an EW striking elliptical depression since ca. 14.9 Ma, with the main depocenter migrating eastward. Our results support the view that the Kumukol and Hoh Xil basins joined the Qaidam Basin in the early Cenozoic time and we propose the Eastern Kunlun Mountains uplifted in the mid-Miocene.