With the increase of terrorist bomb attacks on buildings, there is a need to develop advanced retrofitting techniques to strengthen structures against blast loads. Currently, several guidelines including an Australian...With the increase of terrorist bomb attacks on buildings, there is a need to develop advanced retrofitting techniques to strengthen structures against blast loads. Currently, several guidelines including an Australian version for retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) structures are available for the design of retrofitting systems against seismic and monotonic loads using steel or fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plates that can be either adhesively bonded to the surface or near surface mounted to the concrete cover. However, none of these guidelines provide advice suitable for retrofitting structures subjected to blast loads. In this paper, numerical models are used to simulate the performance of retrofitted RC slabs subjected to blast loads. Airblast pressure distributions on the surface of the slabs estimated in a previous study are used as input in the analysis. A material damage model developed previously for concrete and an elastoplastic model for steel bars are employed in this research for modelling reinforced concrete behaviour due to explosive loads. The material models and blast loading are coded into a finite element computer program LS-DYNA3D to do the analysis. With the numerical model, parametric studies are conducted to investigate RC slabs retrofitted by either externally bonded or near-surface mounted plates or GFRP sheets subjected to blast loads. Discussion is made on the effectiveness of the retrofitting system for RC slabs against blast loads.展开更多
Based on the statistical results of the relationship between the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang and moderate earthquakes within Xinjiang since 1950,this article calculates the Coulomb failure stress change pro...Based on the statistical results of the relationship between the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang and moderate earthquakes within Xinjiang since 1950,this article calculates the Coulomb failure stress change produced by the three groups of large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang during the large earthquake active period outside Xinjiang and the quiet period inside Xinjiang from 1976 to 2007,and analyzes Xinjiang's moderate earthquake activity features in the three years after the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang. It then discusses the influence of large earthquake activity surrounding Xinjiang on seismic activity within Xinjiang. The research results show that the large earthquake activity surrounding Xinjiang may to a certain extent slow down the preparation process of moderate earthquakes in Xinjiang.展开更多
The Nordic healtheare model is recognized to be one of the most innovative in the world. Here billions of USD are annually invested in developing new treatments, drugs, robots etc. to diagnose and cure diseases. Never...The Nordic healtheare model is recognized to be one of the most innovative in the world. Here billions of USD are annually invested in developing new treatments, drugs, robots etc. to diagnose and cure diseases. Nevertheless, this study establishes that there is a fundamental shortcoming in the system that supports healthcare innovation： It is strongly biased towards micro-level innovation projects focusing on new products, alternative processes, and new financial solutions. The problem with this approach to support new projects is that the results are created as inventions within the system thus lacking holistic perspectives. This has consequently contributed with increasing costs that are out of proportion with existing budgets. Therefore this study seeks to analyze the current understanding of the Nordic healthcare system from a business model perspective. Here other aspects of the healthcare system are explored to determine if they could be redesigned to promote new types of innovation projects. The purpose of undertaking this task is to challenge the established patterns of the current healthcare innovation support practices. Here the vertical innovation process （VIP） framework, which is a systematic radical innovation model that seeks macro-level outcomes based on standalone inventions （see more below）, is applied to analyze the current state-of-the-art in Nordic healthcare innovation projects. The results determine that very little attention is given to rethink and redesign the healthcare system at a macro-level, and it is discussed that stand-alone inventions ought to be rethought into the entire healthcare system to create a larger impact. Finally, it is argued that existing performance measures are inappropriate to foster projects that innovate the existing system： New measuring points should be developed to promote macro-level projects and to avoid the current rapid increase of costs in the Nordic healthcare system.展开更多
Space is a high-tech field integrating materials, electronic information, manufacture, energy, medicine ana other disciplines. A number of disruptive technologies in various fields will have an important influence in ...Space is a high-tech field integrating materials, electronic information, manufacture, energy, medicine ana other disciplines. A number of disruptive technologies in various fields will have an important influence in areas such as space industry, scientific research on space and even military space. This article focuses on disruptive technologies exerting enormous influence in the space field based on the qualitative and quantitative research of disruptive technolo- gies. The research and application for disruptive space technology is expected to greatly improve the emciency of space system, significantly reducing research cost, and to promote a great improvement of space technology level,展开更多
The mortality of conservative treatment and the risk resulting from operation for elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures are high. Safety in the perioperative period and quicker recovery should be p...The mortality of conservative treatment and the risk resulting from operation for elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures are high. Safety in the perioperative period and quicker recovery should be placed at the top priority for elderly patients with hip fractures. We reported a case of 109- year-old female patient with intertrochanteric fracture who has undergone the hemiarthroplasty in our center recently. With sciatic nerve and lateral cutaneous nerve block anesthesia, she was offered the artificial femoral head replacement in the lumbar plexus block after sufficient preoperative preparation. The surgery went well with minimally invasive cut, and the patient＇s recovery was satisfactory.展开更多
Objective： To observe the clinical results of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation （PFNA） combined with zoledronic acid injection in the treatment of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Methods...Objective： To observe the clinical results of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation （PFNA） combined with zoledronic acid injection in the treatment of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Methods： 60 elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures were diagnosed using a dual energy X-ray bone density instrument. Patients were randomly divided into treatment or control groups （30 cases in each group）. Patients in both groups were treated by closed/open reduction and internal fixation using PFNA. In the treatment group, patients received one zoledronic phosphonic acid injection of 5 mg/100 ml via intravenous drip, in addition to 600 mg of Cakrate D （qd） and 0.25 μg of alpha ossification alcohol （qd）. The control group received 600 mg of Caltrate D （qd） and 0.25 μg of alpha ossification alcohol （qd）. The oral drugs were administered for 12 months. Bone pain relief was observed, and changes in the bone mineral density （BMD） of the lumbar and health-side hip were recorded. Clinical results were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale （VAS）, Harris joint function score, and Osteo- porosis Quality of Life Scale （OQOLS）. Results： Compared with the control group, bone pain symptoms wene significantly alleviated （p 〈 0.05） in the treatment group. In the treatment and control groups, both between-group and within-group differences in BMD were significantly increased in L1-4, femoral neck and trochanter （p 〈 0.05）. No significant differences were found between the two groups in regard to the involved hip or the total rate of improvement at the end of the follow-up period, although cases in the treatment group had higher OQOLS scores than those of the controls （p = 0.04）. Cases in the treatment group healed more quickly than those in the control group [（13 ± 3.2） weeks vs （15 ± 4.6） weeks, p = 0.02]. During the follow^up period, cases in the treatment group had no new fractures, whereas 2 new cases of hip fracture and 2 cases of distal radial fractures were observed among the controls. Conclusion： Zoledronic acid injection combined with PFNA is a favorable treatment option for the elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture. It can effectivelly relieve bone pain, increase bone density, improve quality of life, reduce the occurrence of new fractures and promote fracture healing.展开更多
A 34-year-old man with a subtrochanteric osteoid osteoma localized to the lateral cortex of the left femur is reported. The patient presented with mild spontaneous pain of the lateral thigh and knee. He refused a radi...A 34-year-old man with a subtrochanteric osteoid osteoma localized to the lateral cortex of the left femur is reported. The patient presented with mild spontaneous pain of the lateral thigh and knee. He refused a radiographic examination and was treated as a greater trochanteric pa in syndrome for 9 months. He was then admitted with a transcervical fracture of the neck of the left femur after a fall from standing height. The fracture was fixed with 3 cannulated screws and healed uneventfully. His symptoms worsened after the first postoperative year. Eighteen months postoperatively the pain was dull, worsening at night, and relieved only with anti-inflammatory drugs, and he had a limp. New radiographs and tomograms were indicative of a lateral subtrochanteric osteoid osteoma with a subperiosteal localization. The lesion was treated successfully with surgical excision of a piece of reactive bone including the nidus.展开更多
文摘With the increase of terrorist bomb attacks on buildings, there is a need to develop advanced retrofitting techniques to strengthen structures against blast loads. Currently, several guidelines including an Australian version for retrofitting reinforced concrete (RC) structures are available for the design of retrofitting systems against seismic and monotonic loads using steel or fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) plates that can be either adhesively bonded to the surface or near surface mounted to the concrete cover. However, none of these guidelines provide advice suitable for retrofitting structures subjected to blast loads. In this paper, numerical models are used to simulate the performance of retrofitted RC slabs subjected to blast loads. Airblast pressure distributions on the surface of the slabs estimated in a previous study are used as input in the analysis. A material damage model developed previously for concrete and an elastoplastic model for steel bars are employed in this research for modelling reinforced concrete behaviour due to explosive loads. The material models and blast loading are coded into a finite element computer program LS-DYNA3D to do the analysis. With the numerical model, parametric studies are conducted to investigate RC slabs retrofitted by either externally bonded or near-surface mounted plates or GFRP sheets subjected to blast loads. Discussion is made on the effectiveness of the retrofitting system for RC slabs against blast loads.
基金sponsored the National Key TechnologyR&D Program (2006BAC 01B03-04-02),China
文摘Based on the statistical results of the relationship between the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang and moderate earthquakes within Xinjiang since 1950,this article calculates the Coulomb failure stress change produced by the three groups of large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang during the large earthquake active period outside Xinjiang and the quiet period inside Xinjiang from 1976 to 2007,and analyzes Xinjiang's moderate earthquake activity features in the three years after the large earthquakes surrounding Xinjiang. It then discusses the influence of large earthquake activity surrounding Xinjiang on seismic activity within Xinjiang. The research results show that the large earthquake activity surrounding Xinjiang may to a certain extent slow down the preparation process of moderate earthquakes in Xinjiang.
文摘The Nordic healtheare model is recognized to be one of the most innovative in the world. Here billions of USD are annually invested in developing new treatments, drugs, robots etc. to diagnose and cure diseases. Nevertheless, this study establishes that there is a fundamental shortcoming in the system that supports healthcare innovation： It is strongly biased towards micro-level innovation projects focusing on new products, alternative processes, and new financial solutions. The problem with this approach to support new projects is that the results are created as inventions within the system thus lacking holistic perspectives. This has consequently contributed with increasing costs that are out of proportion with existing budgets. Therefore this study seeks to analyze the current understanding of the Nordic healthcare system from a business model perspective. Here other aspects of the healthcare system are explored to determine if they could be redesigned to promote new types of innovation projects. The purpose of undertaking this task is to challenge the established patterns of the current healthcare innovation support practices. Here the vertical innovation process （VIP） framework, which is a systematic radical innovation model that seeks macro-level outcomes based on standalone inventions （see more below）, is applied to analyze the current state-of-the-art in Nordic healthcare innovation projects. The results determine that very little attention is given to rethink and redesign the healthcare system at a macro-level, and it is discussed that stand-alone inventions ought to be rethought into the entire healthcare system to create a larger impact. Finally, it is argued that existing performance measures are inappropriate to foster projects that innovate the existing system： New measuring points should be developed to promote macro-level projects and to avoid the current rapid increase of costs in the Nordic healthcare system.
文摘Space is a high-tech field integrating materials, electronic information, manufacture, energy, medicine ana other disciplines. A number of disruptive technologies in various fields will have an important influence in areas such as space industry, scientific research on space and even military space. This article focuses on disruptive technologies exerting enormous influence in the space field based on the qualitative and quantitative research of disruptive technolo- gies. The research and application for disruptive space technology is expected to greatly improve the emciency of space system, significantly reducing research cost, and to promote a great improvement of space technology level,
文摘The mortality of conservative treatment and the risk resulting from operation for elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures are high. Safety in the perioperative period and quicker recovery should be placed at the top priority for elderly patients with hip fractures. We reported a case of 109- year-old female patient with intertrochanteric fracture who has undergone the hemiarthroplasty in our center recently. With sciatic nerve and lateral cutaneous nerve block anesthesia, she was offered the artificial femoral head replacement in the lumbar plexus block after sufficient preoperative preparation. The surgery went well with minimally invasive cut, and the patient＇s recovery was satisfactory.
文摘Objective： To observe the clinical results of proximal femoral nail anti-rotation （PFNA） combined with zoledronic acid injection in the treatment of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Methods： 60 elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures were diagnosed using a dual energy X-ray bone density instrument. Patients were randomly divided into treatment or control groups （30 cases in each group）. Patients in both groups were treated by closed/open reduction and internal fixation using PFNA. In the treatment group, patients received one zoledronic phosphonic acid injection of 5 mg/100 ml via intravenous drip, in addition to 600 mg of Cakrate D （qd） and 0.25 μg of alpha ossification alcohol （qd）. The control group received 600 mg of Caltrate D （qd） and 0.25 μg of alpha ossification alcohol （qd）. The oral drugs were administered for 12 months. Bone pain relief was observed, and changes in the bone mineral density （BMD） of the lumbar and health-side hip were recorded. Clinical results were evaluated using the Visual Analogue Scale （VAS）, Harris joint function score, and Osteo- porosis Quality of Life Scale （OQOLS）. Results： Compared with the control group, bone pain symptoms wene significantly alleviated （p 〈 0.05） in the treatment group. In the treatment and control groups, both between-group and within-group differences in BMD were significantly increased in L1-4, femoral neck and trochanter （p 〈 0.05）. No significant differences were found between the two groups in regard to the involved hip or the total rate of improvement at the end of the follow-up period, although cases in the treatment group had higher OQOLS scores than those of the controls （p = 0.04）. Cases in the treatment group healed more quickly than those in the control group [（13 ± 3.2） weeks vs （15 ± 4.6） weeks, p = 0.02]. During the follow^up period, cases in the treatment group had no new fractures, whereas 2 new cases of hip fracture and 2 cases of distal radial fractures were observed among the controls. Conclusion： Zoledronic acid injection combined with PFNA is a favorable treatment option for the elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture. It can effectivelly relieve bone pain, increase bone density, improve quality of life, reduce the occurrence of new fractures and promote fracture healing.
文摘A 34-year-old man with a subtrochanteric osteoid osteoma localized to the lateral cortex of the left femur is reported. The patient presented with mild spontaneous pain of the lateral thigh and knee. He refused a radiographic examination and was treated as a greater trochanteric pa in syndrome for 9 months. He was then admitted with a transcervical fracture of the neck of the left femur after a fall from standing height. The fracture was fixed with 3 cannulated screws and healed uneventfully. His symptoms worsened after the first postoperative year. Eighteen months postoperatively the pain was dull, worsening at night, and relieved only with anti-inflammatory drugs, and he had a limp. New radiographs and tomograms were indicative of a lateral subtrochanteric osteoid osteoma with a subperiosteal localization. The lesion was treated successfully with surgical excision of a piece of reactive bone including the nidus.
