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积极社会政策与中国发展的选择 被引量:13
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作者 林闽钢 《社会政策研究》 2016年第1期38-50,共13页
社会政策是西方发达国家重要的政策工具,近十多年来,世界范围内社会政策有明显的"积极化"转向。中国正走向社会政策时代,需要积极社会政策来促进经济和社会协调发展。因此,中国社会政策具有双重目标:一是对经济发展起到托底作... 社会政策是西方发达国家重要的政策工具,近十多年来,世界范围内社会政策有明显的"积极化"转向。中国正走向社会政策时代,需要积极社会政策来促进经济和社会协调发展。因此,中国社会政策具有双重目标:一是对经济发展起到托底作用;二是对经济发展起到促进作用。从目前来看,中国社会政策的实施重点:促进劳动者就业和经济参与;通过社会政策作用和引导有效解决社会预期;将社会资源用于人力资本的投资,促进经济结构转型;预防和缓解代际贫困传递。从长期来看,中国社会政策的发展取向应为:在社会政策实施对象上,不仅要面对弱势群体,还要广泛影响中等收入阶层,在消除低收入阶层的贫困同时,还要消除中等收入阶层的不安全感;在社会政策实施重点上,不仅要面对劳动群体,还要面对儿童,实施更加积极的家庭政策;在社会政策实施手段上,不仅需要现金作为主要的给付手段,还更需要增加社会服务,从而提高社会政策实施的针对性和有效性;在社会政策效果上,不仅关注物质满足,更应关注心理满足,提高民众的获得感。最后,本文还进一步提出"新福利社会"作为中国社会政策的发展远景。 展开更多
关键词 社会政策时代 积极社会政策 经济发展常态 新福利社会
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Multi-objective Programming and Social Welfare Analysis of Rural–urban Land Conversion Decision-making
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作者 Song Min Zhang Anlu 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 北大核心 2008年第4期65-71,共7页
Rural-urban land conversion is an inevitable phenomenon in urbanization arid industrialization. And the decision-making issue about this conversion is multi-objective because the social decision maker (the whole of c... Rural-urban land conversion is an inevitable phenomenon in urbanization arid industrialization. And the decision-making issue about this conversion is multi-objective because the social decision maker (the whole of central government and local authority) has to integrate the requirements of different interest groups (rural collective economic organizations, peasants, urban land users and the ones affected indirectly) and harmonize the sub-objects (economic, social and ecological outcomes) of this land allocation process. This paper established a multi-objective programming model for rural-urban land conversion decision-making and made some social welfare analysis correspondingly. Result shows that the general object of rural-urban land conversion decision-making is to reach the optimal level of social welfare in a certain state of resources allocation, while the preference of social decision makers and the value judgment of interest groups are two crucial factors which determine the realization of the rural-urban land conversion decision-making objects. 展开更多
关键词 ntral-urban land conversion DECISION-MAKING multiobjective programming social welfare
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