In the wireless localization application, multipath propagation seriously affects the localization accuracy. This paper presents two algorithms to solve the multipath problem. Firstly, we improve the Line of Possible ...In the wireless localization application, multipath propagation seriously affects the localization accuracy. This paper presents two algorithms to solve the multipath problem. Firstly, we improve the Line of Possible Mobile Device(LPMD) algorithm by optimizing the utilization of the direct paths for single-bound scattering scenario. Secondly, the signal path reckoning method with the assistance of geographic information system is proposed to solve the problem of localization with multi-bound scattering paths. With the building model's idealization, the proposed method refers to the idea of ray tracing and dead reckoning. According to the rule of wireless signal reflection, the signal propagation path is reckoned using the measurements of emission angle and propagation distance, and then the estimated location can be obtained. Simulation shows that the proposed method obtains better results than the existing geometric localization methods in multipath environment when the angle error is controlled.展开更多
Niche theory is one of the ecoiogical theorems and it is applied to urban planning and design： Firstly, the author has concluded some defects of present urban design on the basis of the theory. Secondly, with the com...Niche theory is one of the ecoiogical theorems and it is applied to urban planning and design： Firstly, the author has concluded some defects of present urban design on the basis of the theory. Secondly, with the competing and overlapping concepts introduced, the connotation of urban niche has been defined and expounded. Thirdly, the relationship between urban niche and urban development has also been expiained. Lastly, some proposals and measures have been put forward.展开更多
Between 1998 and 2002, a project for the protection of the natural environment was applied, in the framework of the EU Initiative ＂L.I.F.E.＂, in Zagori, a mountainous region in Northwestern Greece with rich natural ...Between 1998 and 2002, a project for the protection of the natural environment was applied, in the framework of the EU Initiative ＂L.I.F.E.＂, in Zagori, a mountainous region in Northwestern Greece with rich natural and human environment. One of the actions that took place as part of the above project was the creation of an in situ botanical garden in order to raise public awareness of the environment and the flora of the region. During the operation of the garden, the visitors answered questions related to their satisfaction or dissatisfaction of their visit. They also made suggestions for the improving of the garden. According to the number of the visitors and the analysis of the questionnaires, the operation of the garden was satisfactory. The in situ botanical garden proved useful not only for environmental awareness and education, but also for local economy. Two years since its creation, the garden eventually stopped operating. The main reason was lucky of funding. Based on the experience gained, it is suggested that the garden should be re-created under a new approach. Regions, such as Zagori, whose economy is based on environmental tourism, would benefit greatly from such structures. Moreover, in situ botanical gardens can play an important role in the protection of Greece＇s rich flora.展开更多
In this study, the data of Macoei sheep from 1994 to 2008 were collected in Affair Animal Breeding Unit, Agriculture Organization of West Azerbijan province of Iran for recognition of reproductive and morphological ch...In this study, the data of Macoei sheep from 1994 to 2008 were collected in Affair Animal Breeding Unit, Agriculture Organization of West Azerbijan province of Iran for recognition of reproductive and morphological characteristics. The trait in this research include birth weight （BW）, 3 （W3）, 6 （W6）, 9 （W9）, 12 （W12） months weight, fleece weight （WF） （as production traits）, body length（BL）, size of femur（F）, thorax（TX）, testis（TS）, height of lumber（L） and shoulder（SH） （as morphological traits）. Variance components, least square means and standard error of production and morphological traits were estimated and environmental factors （including effects of year of birth, season, sex, type of birth and age of dam） were studied with GLM procedure of SAS 9.1 software. The results showed that the all environmental factors have significant effect, male lambs weight more than females, and twins were more performance than single. Production and apparent performance characteristics of phenotypic traits was different in year of birth, maternal age, season. This study shows that Macoie sheep breed at the various management environment have suitable performance and genetic potential.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61471031)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Beijing Jiaotong University (2013JBZ001)+2 种基金National Science and Technology Major Project (2016ZX03001014006)the Open Research Fund of National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory,Southeast University (No.2017D14)Shenzhen Peacock Program under Grant No.KQJSCX20160226193545
文摘In the wireless localization application, multipath propagation seriously affects the localization accuracy. This paper presents two algorithms to solve the multipath problem. Firstly, we improve the Line of Possible Mobile Device(LPMD) algorithm by optimizing the utilization of the direct paths for single-bound scattering scenario. Secondly, the signal path reckoning method with the assistance of geographic information system is proposed to solve the problem of localization with multi-bound scattering paths. With the building model's idealization, the proposed method refers to the idea of ray tracing and dead reckoning. According to the rule of wireless signal reflection, the signal propagation path is reckoned using the measurements of emission angle and propagation distance, and then the estimated location can be obtained. Simulation shows that the proposed method obtains better results than the existing geometric localization methods in multipath environment when the angle error is controlled.
文摘Niche theory is one of the ecoiogical theorems and it is applied to urban planning and design： Firstly, the author has concluded some defects of present urban design on the basis of the theory. Secondly, with the competing and overlapping concepts introduced, the connotation of urban niche has been defined and expounded. Thirdly, the relationship between urban niche and urban development has also been expiained. Lastly, some proposals and measures have been put forward.
文摘Between 1998 and 2002, a project for the protection of the natural environment was applied, in the framework of the EU Initiative ＂L.I.F.E.＂, in Zagori, a mountainous region in Northwestern Greece with rich natural and human environment. One of the actions that took place as part of the above project was the creation of an in situ botanical garden in order to raise public awareness of the environment and the flora of the region. During the operation of the garden, the visitors answered questions related to their satisfaction or dissatisfaction of their visit. They also made suggestions for the improving of the garden. According to the number of the visitors and the analysis of the questionnaires, the operation of the garden was satisfactory. The in situ botanical garden proved useful not only for environmental awareness and education, but also for local economy. Two years since its creation, the garden eventually stopped operating. The main reason was lucky of funding. Based on the experience gained, it is suggested that the garden should be re-created under a new approach. Regions, such as Zagori, whose economy is based on environmental tourism, would benefit greatly from such structures. Moreover, in situ botanical gardens can play an important role in the protection of Greece＇s rich flora.
文摘In this study, the data of Macoei sheep from 1994 to 2008 were collected in Affair Animal Breeding Unit, Agriculture Organization of West Azerbijan province of Iran for recognition of reproductive and morphological characteristics. The trait in this research include birth weight （BW）, 3 （W3）, 6 （W6）, 9 （W9）, 12 （W12） months weight, fleece weight （WF） （as production traits）, body length（BL）, size of femur（F）, thorax（TX）, testis（TS）, height of lumber（L） and shoulder（SH） （as morphological traits）. Variance components, least square means and standard error of production and morphological traits were estimated and environmental factors （including effects of year of birth, season, sex, type of birth and age of dam） were studied with GLM procedure of SAS 9.1 software. The results showed that the all environmental factors have significant effect, male lambs weight more than females, and twins were more performance than single. Production and apparent performance characteristics of phenotypic traits was different in year of birth, maternal age, season. This study shows that Macoie sheep breed at the various management environment have suitable performance and genetic potential.
