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“两手抓”的哲学思考
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作者 刘家林 方国平 《思想理论教育导刊》 1994年第8期21-24,29,共5页
“两手抓”的哲学思考刘家林,方国平“两手抓”是邓小平同志建设有中国特色社会主义理论的重要内容。从哲学的观点来看,它不仅坚持了辨证唯物主义的两点论,而且也反映了我国社会主义建设的客观需要,具有深刻的社会根源和现实意义。... “两手抓”的哲学思考刘家林,方国平“两手抓”是邓小平同志建设有中国特色社会主义理论的重要内容。从哲学的观点来看,它不仅坚持了辨证唯物主义的两点论,而且也反映了我国社会主义建设的客观需要,具有深刻的社会根源和现实意义。一、“两手抓”的基本内容80年代以... 展开更多
关键词 辨证唯物主义 方国平 资产阶级自由化 家林 社会矛盾 次要矛盾 社会主义改革 《邓小平文选》 马克思主义观点 经济体制改革
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通讯员园地
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《新闻爱好者》 1989年第2期30-31,共2页
去年11月21日上午,新安县仓头乡大章村青年农民芦献章,去铁门镇当专职通讯员的消息传遍了四面八方。28岁的芦献章,高中毕业后,在村办小学当民办教师。前年4月,他开始利用节假日走村串户采访各种新闻素材,晚上写稿。一年多来,他采写稿子... 去年11月21日上午,新安县仓头乡大章村青年农民芦献章,去铁门镇当专职通讯员的消息传遍了四面八方。28岁的芦献章,高中毕业后,在村办小学当民办教师。前年4月,他开始利用节假日走村串户采访各种新闻素材,晚上写稿。一年多来,他采写稿子250多篇,报纸电台采用130多篇,被评为县级优秀通讯员。 展开更多
关键词 仓头乡 大章村 新闻素材 新闻报道 农民协议工 手写稿 《长江日报》 煤炭生产 方国平 法卡山
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于传统和山水之间寻找摄影之境
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作者 释藤 方国平(图) 《旅游世界》 2019年第10期78-91,共14页
山水草木,田园诗意,已然成为现代人的一种奢求。万物皆有灵性,于摄影而言,用心感之才可窥见其灵性之端倪。方国平是一个热爱山水和田园自然之人,每次端起相机的时候,最喜描摹刻画那些山川河流、传统身影,在他眼里的万事和人物总是充满... 山水草木,田园诗意,已然成为现代人的一种奢求。万物皆有灵性,于摄影而言,用心感之才可窥见其灵性之端倪。方国平是一个热爱山水和田园自然之人,每次端起相机的时候,最喜描摹刻画那些山川河流、传统身影,在他眼里的万事和人物总是充满了空灵和禅意。人在世间,匆忙行走,在浮躁的红尘深处,如若能够停留下来,聆听一下内心的呼吸,实属难得。 展开更多
关键词 方国平
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Groundwater Contamination with NO_3-N in a Wheat-Corn Cropping System in the North China Plain 被引量:20
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作者 ZHAO Bing-Zi ZHANG Jia-Bao +3 位作者 M. FLURY ZHU An-Ning JIANG Qi-Ao BI Jin-Wei 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2007年第6期721-731,共11页
The North China Plain,where summer corn(Zea mays L.)and winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)are the major crops grown,is a major agricultural area in China.Permeable soils make the region susceptible to groundwater poll... The North China Plain,where summer corn(Zea mays L.)and winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)are the major crops grown,is a major agricultural area in China.Permeable soils make the region susceptible to groundwater pollution by NO_3-N,which is applied to fields in large amounts of more than 400 kg NO_3-N ha^(-1)as fertilizer.A field experiment was established in 2002 to examine the relationship among N fertilization rate,soil NO_3-N,and NO_3-N groundwater contamination.Two adjacent fields were fertilized with local farmers' N fertilization rate(LN)and double the normal application rate(HN),respectively,and managed under otherwise identical conditions.The fields were under a traditional summer corn/winter wheat rotation.Over a 22-month period,we monitored NO_3-N concentrations in both bulk soil and soil pore water in 20-40 cm increments up to 180 cm depth.We also monitored NO_3-N concentrations in groundwater and the depth of the groundwater table.No significant differences in soil NO_3-N were observed between the LN and HN treatment.We identified NO_3-N plumes moving downward through the soil profile.The HN treatment resulted in significantly higher groundwater NO_3-N,relative to the LN treatment,with groundwater NO_3-N consistently exceeding the maximum safe level of 10 mg L^(-1),but groundwater NO_3-N above the maximum safe level was also observed in the LN treatment after heavy rain.Heavy rain in June,July,and August 2003 caused increased NO_3-N leaching through the soil and elevated NO_3-N concentrations in the groundwater.Concurrent rise of the groundwater table into NO_3-N- rich soil layers also contributed to the increased NO_3-N concentrations in the groundwater.Our results indicate that under conditions of average rainfall,soil NO_3-N was accumulated in the soil profile.The subsequent significantly higher- than-average rainfalls continuously flushed the soil NO_3-N into deeper layers and raised the groundwater table,which caused continuous groundwater contamination with NO_3-N.The results suggest that under common farming practices in the North China Plain,groundwater contamination with NO_3-N was likely,especially during heavy rainfalls,and the degree of groundwater contamination appeared to be proportional to the N application rates.Decreasing fertilization rates, splitting fertilizer inputs,and optimizing irrigation scheduling had potential to reduce groundwater NO_3-N contamination. 展开更多
关键词 field experiment groundwater contamination NO3-N wheat-corn cropping system
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Evapotranspiration, Yield and Crop Coefficient of Irrigated Maize Under Straw Mulch 被引量:12
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作者 ZHANG Xi-Ying CHEN Su-Ying PEI Dong LIU Meng-Yu SUN Hong-Yong 《Pedosphere》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第5期576-584,共9页
Maize (Zea mays L.), a staple crop grown from June to September during the rainy season on the North China Plain,is usually inter-planted in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields about one week before harvesting ... Maize (Zea mays L.), a staple crop grown from June to September during the rainy season on the North China Plain,is usually inter-planted in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields about one week before harvesting of the winterwheat. In order to improve irrigation efficiency in this region of serious water shortage, field studies in 1999 and 2001, twodry seasons with less than average seasonal rainfall, were conducted with up to five irrigation applications to determineevapotranspiration, calculate the crop coefficient, and optimize the irrigation schedule with maize under mulch, as well asto establish the effects of irrigation timing and the number of applications on grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE)of maize. Results showed that with grain production at about 8 000 kg ha-1 the total evapotranspiration and WUE ofirrigated maize under mulch were about 380-400 mm and 2.0-2.2 kg m-3, respectively. Also in 2001 WUE of maizewith mulch for the treatment with three irrigations was 11.8% better than that without mulch. In the 1999 and 2001seasons, maize yield significantly improved (P = 0.05) with four irrigation applications, however, further increases werenot significant. At the same time there were no significant differences for WUE with two to four irrigation applications.In the 2001 season mulch lead to a decrease of 50 mm in the total soil evaporation, and the maize crop coefficient undermulch varied between 0.3-1.3 with a seasonal average of 1.0. 展开更多
关键词 crop coefficient MAIZE MULCH water use efficiency
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Comparisons on RIEMS2.0's Ability to Simulate Multi-Year Mean Climate in Northern China with Two Model Domains 被引量:3
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作者 ZHAO De-Ming FU Cong-Bin 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 2009年第6期386-391,共6页
Regional Integrated Environment Modeling System Version 2.0 (RIEMS2.0) is now being developed by the Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In order to tes... Regional Integrated Environment Modeling System Version 2.0 (RIEMS2.0) is now being developed by the Key Laboratory of Regional Climate-Environment for Temperate East Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences. In order to test the sensitivity of the RIEMS2.0 model domain to simulate long-term climate and its change, and provide a basis for the further development and application of the model, the authors compared results between simulated and observed precipitation and surface-airtemperature using two model domains under different cumulus parameterization schemes. The model was driven by NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data with a simulation duration ranging from 1 January 1979 to 31 December 2007. There were no significant differences found in the spatial distributions of the simulated precipitation and surface-air-temperature, or interannual variations between the two model domains. There were, however, differences observed between the two model domain simulations of local sub-regions. The smaller model domain more accurately simulated precipitation, especially in summer (June, July, and August), and decreased the bias of surface-airtemperature, especially in winter (December, January, and February). The weak summer and winter monsoons simulated by the smaller model domain was a result of boundary forcings and may partially account for the improvements of this model. 展开更多
关键词 RIEMS2.0 PRECIPITATION surface-airtemperature DOMAIN sensitivity improvement
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EFFECTS OF PACIFIC SSTA ON SUMMER PRECIPITATION OVER EASTERN CHINA, PART I: OBSERVATIONAL ANALYSIS 被引量:1
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作者 余贞寿 孙照渤 +1 位作者 倪东鸿 曾刚 《Journal of Tropical Meteorology》 SCIE 2007年第2期105-112,共8页
With the methods of REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function), the summer precipitation from 43 stations over eastern China for the 1901 - 2000 period was examined. The results show that South China and Southwest... With the methods of REOF (Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function), the summer precipitation from 43 stations over eastern China for the 1901 - 2000 period was examined. The results show that South China and Southwest China, the middle and lower reaches of Changiiang River, North China and the southwestern of Northeast China are the three main areas of summer rainfall anomaly. Furthermore, correlation analysis is used in three time series of three mostly summer rainfall modes and four seasonal Pacific SSTA (Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly), and the results suggest that the Pacific SSTA which notably causes the summer rainfall anomaly over eastern China are the SSTA of the preceding winter over Kuroshio region of Northwest Pacific, SSTA of the preceding spring in the eastern and central equatorial Pacific, and SSTA of the current summer in the central region of middle latitude. The relationship between summer precipitation over eastern China and SSTA of Pacific key regions was further verified by SVD (Singular Value Decomposition) analysis. The composite analysis was used to analyze the features of atmospheric general circulation in the years of positive and negative precipitation anomaly. Its results were used to serve as the base of numerical simulation analysis. 展开更多
关键词 eastern China summer precipitation PACIFIC SSTA
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Impacts of Secondary Aerosols on a Persistent Fog Event in Northern China 被引量:6
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作者 JIA Xing-Can GUO Xue-Liang 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 2012年第5期401-407,共7页
The chemistry version of the Weather Re- search and Forecasting model (WRF/Chem) was coupled with the anthropogenic emission inventory of David Streets to investigate the impacts of secondary aerosols on a persisten... The chemistry version of the Weather Re- search and Forecasting model (WRF/Chem) was coupled with the anthropogenic emission inventory of David Streets to investigate the impacts of secondary aerosols on a persistent fog event from 25 to 26 October 2007, in Northem China. The spatial distribution of the simulated fog is consistent with satellite observations, and the time-height distributions of the simulated boundary layer where the fog formed are also in good agreement with these observations. The sensitivity studies show that the secondary aerosols of SO4, NO3, and NH4 formed from gaseous precursors of SO2, NOx, and NH3 had substantial impacts on the formation processes and microphysical structure of the fog event. The decrease of the secondary aerosols obviously reduced the liquid water path and column droplet number concentration of the fog below the 1-km layer, and the corresponding area-averaged liquid water path and droplet number concentration of the fog decreased by 43% and 79%, respectively. The concentra- tions of NOx and NO3 were found to be extremely high in this case. The concentration of interstitial aerosol NO3 was much higher than the SO4 and NH4, but the concentration of SO4 was highest in the cloud-borne aerosols. The average activation ratios for SO4, NO3, and NH4 were 34%, 31%, and 30%, respectively, and the maximum ra- tios reached 62%, 86%, and 55% during the fog episode. 展开更多
关键词 secondary aerosol FOG WRF/Chem simulation
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Preferential adsorption behaviour of CH_4 and CO_2 on high-rank coal from Qinshui Basin,China 被引量:4
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作者 Yu Hongguan Jing Renxia +2 位作者 Wang Panpan Chen Lihui Yang Yongjie 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI 2014年第4期491-497,共7页
In order to better understand the prevailing mechanism of CO2 storage in coal and estimate CO2 sequestration capacity of a coal seam and enhanced coalbed methane recovery (ECBM) with CO2 injection into coal, we inve... In order to better understand the prevailing mechanism of CO2 storage in coal and estimate CO2 sequestration capacity of a coal seam and enhanced coalbed methane recovery (ECBM) with CO2 injection into coal, we investigated the preferential adsorption of CH4 and CO2 on coals. Adsorption of pure CO2, CH4 and their binary mixtures on high-rank coals from Qinshui Basin in China were employed to study the preferential adsorption behaviour. Multiple regression equations were presented to predict CH4 equi- librium concentration from equilibrium pressure and its initial-composition in feed gas. The results show that preferential adsorption of CO2 on coals over the entire pressure range under competitive sorption conditions was observed, however, preferential adsorption of CH4 over CO2 on low-volatile bituminous coal from higher CH4-compostion in source gas was found at up to 1O MPa pressure. Preferential adsorp- tion of CO2 increases with increase of CH4 concentration in source gas, and decreases with increasing pressure. Although there was no systematic investigation of the effect of coal rank on preferential adsorp- tion, there are obvious differences in preferential adsorption of gas between low-volatile bituminous coal and anthracite. The obtained preferential adsorption gives rise to the assumption that CO2 sequestration in coal beds with subsequent CO2-ECBM might be an ootion in Qinshui Basins, China. 展开更多
关键词 Coal Preferential adsorption Coalbed methane Gas mixtures CO2 sequestration
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Evaluation of nitrate source in groundwater of southern part of North China Plain based on multi-isotope 被引量:1
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作者 方晶晶 周爱国 +4 位作者 马传明 刘存富 蔡鹤生 甘义群 刘运德 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2015年第2期610-618,共9页
Nitrate pollution in groundwater is a serious water quality problem that increases the risk of developing various cancers.Groundwater is the most important water resource and supports a population of 5 million in Anya... Nitrate pollution in groundwater is a serious water quality problem that increases the risk of developing various cancers.Groundwater is the most important water resource and supports a population of 5 million in Anyang area of the southern part of the North China Plain. Determining the source of nitrate pollution is the challenge in hydrology area due to the complex processes of migration and transformation. A new method is presented to determine the source of nitrogen pollution by combining the composition characteristics of stable carbon isotope in dissolved organic carbon in groundwater. The source of groundwater nitrate is dominated by agricultural fertilizers, as well as manure and wastewater. Mineralization, nitrification and mixing processes occur in the groundwater recharge area, whereas the confined groundwater area is dominated by denitrification processes. 展开更多
关键词 δ^12NNO3 δ^18ONO3 δ^13CDOC esophageal cancer GROUNDWATER
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Colorectal cancer screening behavior and willingness:An outpatient survey in China 被引量:10
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作者 Shang-Xin Deng Jie Gao +4 位作者 Wei An Jie Yin Quan-Cai Cai Hua Yang Zhao-Shen Li 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第26期3133-3139,共7页
AIM: To identity the factors influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior and willingness among Chinese outpatients.METHODS: An outpatient-based face-to-face survey was conducted from August 18 to Septem... AIM: To identity the factors influencing colorectal cancer (CRC) screening behavior and willingness among Chinese outpatients.METHODS: An outpatient-based face-to-face survey was conducted from August 18 to September 7, 2010 in Changhai Hospital. A total of 1200 consecutive patients aged ≥ 18 years were recruited for interview. The patient's knowledge about CRC and screening was pre-measured as a predictor variable, and other pre- dictors included age, gender, educational level, month- ly household income and health insurance status. The relationship between these predictors and screening behavior, screening willingness and screening approach were examined using Pearson's 2 test and logistic regression analyses.RESULTS: Of these outpatients, 22.5% had undergone CRC screening prior to this study. Patients who had participated in the screening were more likely to have good knowledge about CRC and screening (OR: 5.299, 95% CI: 3.415-8.223), have health insurance (OR: 1.996, 95% CI: 1.426-2.794) and older in age. Higher income, however, was found to be a barrier to the screening (OR: 0.633, 95% CI: 0.467-0.858). An analysis of screening willingness showed that 37.5% of the patients would voluntarily participated in a screen at the recommended age, but 41.3% would do so under doctor's advice. Screening willingness was positively correlated with the patient's knowledge sta- tus. Patients with higher knowledge levels would like to participate in the screening (OR: 4.352, 95% CI: 3.008-6.298), and they would select colonoscopy as a screening approach (OR: 3.513, 95% CI: 2.290-5.389). However, higher income level was, again, a bar- rier to colonoscopic screening (OR: 0.667, 95% CI: 0.505-0.908). CONCLUSION: Patient's level of knowledge and in-ome should be taken into consideration when conducting a feasible CRC screening. 展开更多
关键词 Colorectal cancer SCREENING BEHAVIOR Will-ingness Survey
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Identification of Aerosol Types and Their Optical Properties in the North China Plain Based on Long-Term AERONET Data 被引量:4
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作者 SUN Li XIA Xiang-Ao +3 位作者 WANG Pu-Cai CHEN Hong-Bin Philippe GOLOUB ZHANG Wen-Xing 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 CSCD 2013年第4期216-222,共7页
Characterization of aerosols is required to reduce uncertainties in satellite retrievals of global aerosols and for modeling the effects of these aerosols on climate.Aerosols in the North China Plain(NCP) are complex,... Characterization of aerosols is required to reduce uncertainties in satellite retrievals of global aerosols and for modeling the effects of these aerosols on climate.Aerosols in the North China Plain(NCP) are complex,which provides a good opportunity to study key aerosol optical properties for various aerosol types.A cluster analysis of key optical properties obtained from Aerosol Robotic Network(AERONET) data in Beijing and Xianghe during 2001-11 was performed to identify dominant aerosol types and their associated optical properties.Five dominant aerosol types were identified.The results show that the urban/industrial aerosol of moderate absorption was dominant in the region and that this type varied little with season.Urban/industrial aerosol of weak absorption was the next most common type and mainly occurs in summer,followed by that strong aerosols occurring mainly in winter.All were predominantly fine mode particles.Mineral dust(MD) and polluted dust(PD) occurred mainly in spring,followed by winter,and their absorption decreased with wavelength.In addition,aerosol dynamics and optical parameters such as refractive index and asymmetry factor were examined.Results show that the size of coarse mode particles decreased with AOD indicating the domination of external mixing between aerosols. 展开更多
关键词 aerosol classification aerosol types aerosol optical properties
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A New Auto-Backlund Transformation and Two-Soliton Solution for (3+l)-Dimensional Jimbo-Miwa Equation 被引量:1
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作者 刘春平 周玲 《Communications in Theoretical Physics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第2期213-216,共4页
Abstract By improving the extended homogeneous balance method, a general method is suggested to derive a new auto-Bgcklund transformation (BT) for (3-k l)-Dimensional Jimbo-Miwa (JM) equation. The auto-BT obtain... Abstract By improving the extended homogeneous balance method, a general method is suggested to derive a new auto-Bgcklund transformation (BT) for (3-k l)-Dimensional Jimbo-Miwa (JM) equation. The auto-BT obtained by using our method only involves one quadratic homogeneity equation written as a bilinear equation. Based on the auto-BT, two-soliton solution of the (3+1)-Dimensional JM equation is obtained. 展开更多
关键词 extended homogeneous balance method (3+1)-Dimensional Jimbo-Miwa equation auto-Backlund transformation exact solution
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Basic Features of Climate Change in North China during 1961-2010 被引量:1
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作者 GUO Wen-Li SHI Hong-Bo +4 位作者 MA Jing-Jin ZHANG Ying-Juan WANG Ji SHU Wen-Jun ZHANG Zi-Yin 《Advances in Climate Change Research》 SCIE 2013年第2期73-83,共11页
The spatial and temporal variations of some important near-surface climate parameters and extreme climate events in North China during 1961-2010 are analyzed by using 94 meteorological stations' data in the study are... The spatial and temporal variations of some important near-surface climate parameters and extreme climate events in North China during 1961-2010 are analyzed by using 94 meteorological stations' data in the study area. Results show that the annual mean surface air temperature in North China increased at the rate of 0.36℃ per decade, higher than the national average in the same period. Increasing was particularly significant since the mid-1980s, with maximum increase in the middle and northeastern parts of Inner Mongolia. Increasing rate of the annual mean minimum temperature is much higher than that of the maximum temperature, which results in the decrease of the annual mean diurnal temperature range. Noticeable decrease is also observed in the frequency of cold wave. Annual precipitation shows a slight decreasing trend, with more pronounced decrease in southern Shanxi and eastern Hebei provinces, which is mainly represented as decreasing in contribution rates of rainstorm and heavy storm in flood-season (May to September). During 1961 -2010, North China is characterized by a noticeable reduction in annual extreme precipitation, and an increase in high-temperature days over most parts, as well as more frequent droughts. There are remarkable reductions in annual sunshine duration and mean wind speed, associated with the most significant reduction of mean wind speed in midwestern and eastern parts of Inner Mongolia. Meanwhile, North China has experienced a noticeable decrease/increase in annual mean sanddust/haze days during the study period. However, there is no significant trend in fog days, except a pronounced decrease since the 1990s. 展开更多
关键词 North China TEMPERATURE PRECIPITATION extreme climate events
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Effects of Aerosols on Fogs Observed in the North China Plain
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作者 ZHANG Jia-Wei XUE Hui-Wen +2 位作者 DENG Zhao-Ze ZHAO Chun-Sheng ZHANG Qing-Hong 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 CSCD 2013年第2期79-83,共5页
Fog simulation and prediction are becoming increasingly important in China because of the great impact of fog on traffic and other human activities. More studies are needed to have a better understanding of the format... Fog simulation and prediction are becoming increasingly important in China because of the great impact of fog on traffic and other human activities. More studies are needed to have a better understanding of the formation mechanisms and life cycles of fogs. This work uses data from two fog cases observed in Wuqing, Tianjin, in 2009. The data include aerosol size distribution, fog droplet size distribution, fog liquid water content, and meteorological properties. The results show that increasing aerosols can increase the number concentration of fog droplets and decrease fog droplet size, which is consistent with the first aerosol indirect effect found in clouds. It is also shown that increased aerosols can lead to lower visibility in fogs. This work demonstrates that the first aerosol indirect effect plays an important role in fogs. 展开更多
关键词 FOG microphysical properties aerosol indi-rect effect VISIBILITY
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Statistical Methodologies Used to Calculate Urbanization Rates in China
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作者 Shi Jie Zhang Yingxuan +1 位作者 Hu Dan Cao Huili 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2010年第3期89-96,共8页
To analyze China’s actual urbanization level, we iden- tified two statistical approaches: using the population living within the administrative boundaries ("administrative-based" method) and within the urba... To analyze China’s actual urbanization level, we iden- tified two statistical approaches: using the population living within the administrative boundaries ("administrative-based" method) and within the urbanized or built-up areas ("infrastructure-based" method) of cities and towns as urban population. To illustrate the two approaches and the associated problems, we used data for Tangshan City as a case study. The estimates on the "administrative-based" method were unreliable and the "infrastructurebased" method provided a 29.4% urbanization rate for Tangshan City in 2002, which is lower than the mean of 36.1% for China as a whole published after the fifth national census in 2000. Given the city’s geographic location, comprehensive urban construction and economic development indicators, its urbanization rate should be higher than the average level. Thus, our results indicate that the value of 36.1% was higher than the actual status as a result of poor statistical quality and overestimation of the floating population. 展开更多
关键词 urban population scope of urban population statistics urbanization level CENSUS
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The Different Effects of Sea Surface Temperature and Aerosols on Climate in East Asia During Spring
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作者 HU Haibo LIU Chao +1 位作者 ZHANG Yuan YANG Xiuqun 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2015年第4期585-595,共11页
In this study, we used the NCAR CAM3.0 model to study the climate effects of both decadal global Sea Surface Temperature(SST) changing and the increasing aerosol concentration in East Asia in boreal spring. In the dec... In this study, we used the NCAR CAM3.0 model to study the climate effects of both decadal global Sea Surface Temperature(SST) changing and the increasing aerosol concentration in East Asia in boreal spring. In the decadal SST changing experiment, a prominent sea surface cyclone anomaly occurred west of the Northwest Pacific warming SST. The cyclone anomaly is conductive to anomalous rising motion and more rainfall over the Northwest Pacific and southeast coast areas of China, but less rainfall in central China. Caused by the only aerosol concentration increasing, the change of climate in East Asia is totally different from that induced by the regime shift of SST around 1976/77 with the same model. The sulfate and black carbon aerosol concentrations were doubled respectively and synchronously in East Asia(20?–50?N, 100?–150?E) to investigate the climate effects of these two major aerosol types in three experiments. The results show that, in all three aerosol concentration changing experiments, the rainfall during boreal spring increases in North China and decreases in central China. It's worth noting that in the DTWO experiment, the rainfall diminishes in central China while it increases in the north and southeast coast areas of China, which is similar to observations. From the vertical profile between 110?E and 120?E, it is found that sulfate and black carbon aerosols first change the temperature of lower troposphere owing to their direct radiative effect, and then induce secondary meridional circulation anomaly through the different dynamic mechanisms involved, and at last generate precipitation and surface temperature anomalous patterns mentioned above. 展开更多
关键词 decadal shift of SST aerosol boreal spring precipitation decrease central-south China
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Research on Energy Consumption Evaluation Combined with Endogenous Pollutants of China Based on Entropy-Topsis
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作者 Zhao Ao Wu Chunyou Wang Enxu 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 2011年第4期71-76,共6页
The traditional evaluation of energy consumption mostly introduces pollutants as a negative economic output into evaluating model,ignoring the configuration relationship among the energy input,pollutants as well as ec... The traditional evaluation of energy consumption mostly introduces pollutants as a negative economic output into evaluating model,ignoring the configuration relationship among the energy input,pollutants as well as economic output.This paper considers the overall process of energy consumption and constructs an evaluation indication system of energy consumption level combined with endogenous pollutants based on entropytopsis method,then makes empirical research.The results show that China's energy consumption level presents a fluctuant rise in the premise of emission.Energy consumption level depends on the relationship among energy input,pollutants and economic output.The raise of energy consumption level should not increase economic output and reduce pollutant emission at the expense of environment.Finally,the whole paper puts forward the countermeasures to improve the overall level of energy consumption. 展开更多
关键词 entropy-topsis POLLUTANTS energy consumption
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An Investigation of the Formation of the Heat Wave in Southern China in Summer 2013 and the Relevant Abnormal Subtropical High Activities 被引量:15
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作者 PENG Jing-Bei 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 CSCD 2014年第4期286-290,共5页
In the summer of 2013, an unprecedented heat wave was experienced over a vast area of southern China. The great areal extent, duration, and strength of this high temperature are very rare. For the 2013 hot spell, the ... In the summer of 2013, an unprecedented heat wave was experienced over a vast area of southern China. The great areal extent, duration, and strength of this high temperature are very rare. For the 2013 hot spell, the major and direct influence mostly came from the anomaly of the western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH). The abnormally strong and stable WPSH was associated with specific surrounding circulations. The eastward extension of a stronger Qinghai-Xizang high favored the westward extension of the WPSH. The weaker cold air activity from the polar region led to the northward shift of the WPSH and helped it to remain stable. In the tropics, the western segment of the ITCZ was abnormally strong in the period, and supported the maintenance of the WPSH from the south. In addition, the interdecadal variation of the WPSH provided a decadal background for the anomaly variation of the WPSH that summer. 展开更多
关键词 heat wave southern China western Pacific subtropical high
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Simulation of the Bare Soil Surface Energy Balance at the Tongyu Reference Site in Semiarid Area of North China
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作者 ZHANG Xia 《Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters》 2010年第6期330-335,共6页
The performance of a I-D soil model in a semiarid area of North China was investigated using observational data from a cropland station at the Tongyu reference site of the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP... The performance of a I-D soil model in a semiarid area of North China was investigated using observational data from a cropland station at the Tongyu reference site of the Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period (CEOP) during the non-growing period, when the ground surface was covered with bare soil. Comparisons between simulated and observed soil surface energy balance components as well as soil temperatures and water contents were conducted to validate the soil model. Results show that the soil model could produce good simulations of soil surface temperature, net radiation flux, and sensible heat flux against observed values with the RMSE of 1.54℃, 7.71 W m^-2, and 27.79 W m^-2, respectively. The simulated volumetric soil water content is close to the observed values at various depths with the maximal difference between them being 0.03. Simulated latent heat and ground heat fluxes have relatively larger errors in relative to net radiation and sensible heat flux. In conclusion, the soil model has good capacity to simulate the bare soil surface energy balance at the Tongyu cropland station and needs to be further tested in longer period and at more sites in semiarid areas. 展开更多
关键词 energy balance bare soil semiarid areas
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