The effect of the aggregation interval on vehicular traffic flow heteroscedasticity is investigated using real-world traffic flow data collected from the motorway system in the United Kingdom. 30 traffic flow series a...The effect of the aggregation interval on vehicular traffic flow heteroscedasticity is investigated using real-world traffic flow data collected from the motorway system in the United Kingdom. 30 traffic flow series are generated using 30 aggregation intervals ranging from 1 to 30 min at 1 min increment, and autoregressive integrated moving average （AR/MA） models are constructed and applied in these series, generating 30 residual series. Through applying the portmanteau Q-test and the Lagrange multiplier （LM） test in the residual series from the ARIMA models, the heteroscedasticity in traffic flow series is investigated. Empirical results show that traffic flow is heteroscedastJc across these selected aggregation intervals, and longer aggregation intervals tend to cancel out the noise in the traffic flow data and hence reduce the heteroscedasticity in traffic flow series. The above findings can be utilized in the development of reliable and robust traffic management and control systems.展开更多
Language and culture are interactive and interdependent. Translation is not only the transfer between two languages, but also between two cultures. Therefore, cultural difference plays a significant role in translatio...Language and culture are interactive and interdependent. Translation is not only the transfer between two languages, but also between two cultures. Therefore, cultural difference plays a significant role in translation. In the past decades, translation study has shifted from the purely linguistic level to cultural perspective, and study on cultural differences has brought a new world for the sake of translation studies. This paper tries to illustrate the connection between language and culture, the correlation between culture and translation, analyze the main aspects of cultural differences between Chinese and Western, and sum up translation strategies of domestication and foreignization as well as specific translation methods on the consideration of cultural differences. Finally, the paper proposes that translators should pay attention to cultural differences and adjust target text in accordance with cultural differences展开更多
The present study examines affective meaning of pronouns （in Russian） represented by the semantic differential. Of direct relevance to the present study is the theory of affective meaning propounded by Osgood. Two h...The present study examines affective meaning of pronouns （in Russian） represented by the semantic differential. Of direct relevance to the present study is the theory of affective meaning propounded by Osgood. Two hypotheses were tested. According to a ＂magnitude＂ hypothesis, affective dimensions （each of evaluation, potency, and activity taken separately） differ in their magnitude across pronouns I, My, Me, and They. A ＂structural＂ hypothesis stated that the affective dimensions yield latent factors across （the generality） and within （the concept-scale interaction） the pronoun concepts. Repeated-measures analysis of variance （1-way ANOVA） and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to process data. It was found that each of the evaluation and potency measures yield a significant magnitude change across the pronouns, but there was indicated no significant change across the pronouns with respect to the activity dimension. Therewith, the pronoun My gained a salient value and the pronoun They the smallest value. Using confirmatory factor analysis five models were tested. Among them one model was good fit to the data. It engaged a four-factor solution resulted in that four pronouns are latent affective distinct but related factors and the evaluation, potency, and activity are their indicators.展开更多
This paper investigates the influence of exchange rate volatility on the volume of Japanese manufacturing export. The volatility in yen is shown by conditional variance from EGARCH （Exponential Generalized Autoregres...This paper investigates the influence of exchange rate volatility on the volume of Japanese manufacturing export. The volatility in yen is shown by conditional variance from EGARCH （Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity） model, allowing for asymmetric effects that a shock of an appreciation of the yen is different from that of a depreciation of the yen. The export action model including exchange rate volatility is constructed based on VAR （Vector Auto Regressive） model to examine the relationship between exchange rate uncertainty and the volume of export. Tests are performed for typical eight kinds of industry in Japan. Few empirical studies focus on each Japanese industry export. Results indicate significant negative effects of exchange rate volatility on most manufacturing exports. In addition, this paper analyzes the each industry, featurc of the influence of exchange rate on the volume of Japanese export. The authors find that equipment industries occupying 60% or more of total Japanese exports especially tend to receive negative influence of exchange.展开更多
Women have been stereotyped as better multitaskers when compared to their male counterparts. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in gender performance when performing cognitive co...Women have been stereotyped as better multitaskers when compared to their male counterparts. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in gender performance when performing cognitive combined tasks. Twenty-four graduate students （twelve females and twelve males） volunteered to participate in the study. The task requires participants to indicate when they perceive a change in the intensity of an auditory signal while simultaneously solving algebraic problems. Multivariate Analysis of Variance （MANOVA） results reveal no significant differences between genders when performing the combined tasks （p = 0.1831 and 2 = 0.7891） although the average number of false alarms made during the combined tasks by males is nearly 11% higher than the average number of false alarms made by females. However, （Multivariate Analysis of Variance） ANOVA results for the combined tasks show that males outperform females on the computational task while listening for changes in the auditory signal F（1, 22） - 5.09, p 〈 0.03, but there are no significant differences in their ability to detect noise intensity variation or in the number of false alarms made while multitasking. For the single task analysis the ANOVAs indicate no significant differences in signal detection task performance, computational task performance, or the number of false alarms made by males and females.展开更多
Consider heteroscedastic regression model Yni= g（xni） ＋ σniεni （1 〈 i 〈 n）, where σ2ni= f（uni）, the design points （xni, uni） are known and nonrandom, g（.） and f（.） are unknown functions defined on cl...Consider heteroscedastic regression model Yni= g（xni） ＋ σniεni （1 〈 i 〈 n）, where σ2ni= f（uni）, the design points （xni, uni） are known and nonrandom, g（.） and f（.） are unknown functions defined on closed interval [0, 1], and the random errors （εni, 1 ≤i≤ n） axe assumed to have the same distribution as （ξi, 1 ≤ i ≤ n）, which is a stationary and a-mixing time series with Eξi =0. Under appropriate conditions, we study asymptotic normality of wavelet estimators of g（.） and f（.）. Finite sample behavior of the estimators is investigated via simulations, too.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61972261)the Major Statistic Project of National Bureau of Statistics(2020ZX14)+1 种基金the National Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates(S202010590028)the Scientific Research Foundation of Shenzhen University for Newly-introduced Teachers(2018060)。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71101025)the National Key Technology R&D Program of China during the 12th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2011BAK21B01)+1 种基金the Doctoral Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China(No.20100092110037)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘The effect of the aggregation interval on vehicular traffic flow heteroscedasticity is investigated using real-world traffic flow data collected from the motorway system in the United Kingdom. 30 traffic flow series are generated using 30 aggregation intervals ranging from 1 to 30 min at 1 min increment, and autoregressive integrated moving average （AR/MA） models are constructed and applied in these series, generating 30 residual series. Through applying the portmanteau Q-test and the Lagrange multiplier （LM） test in the residual series from the ARIMA models, the heteroscedasticity in traffic flow series is investigated. Empirical results show that traffic flow is heteroscedastJc across these selected aggregation intervals, and longer aggregation intervals tend to cancel out the noise in the traffic flow data and hence reduce the heteroscedasticity in traffic flow series. The above findings can be utilized in the development of reliable and robust traffic management and control systems.
文摘Language and culture are interactive and interdependent. Translation is not only the transfer between two languages, but also between two cultures. Therefore, cultural difference plays a significant role in translation. In the past decades, translation study has shifted from the purely linguistic level to cultural perspective, and study on cultural differences has brought a new world for the sake of translation studies. This paper tries to illustrate the connection between language and culture, the correlation between culture and translation, analyze the main aspects of cultural differences between Chinese and Western, and sum up translation strategies of domestication and foreignization as well as specific translation methods on the consideration of cultural differences. Finally, the paper proposes that translators should pay attention to cultural differences and adjust target text in accordance with cultural differences
文摘The present study examines affective meaning of pronouns （in Russian） represented by the semantic differential. Of direct relevance to the present study is the theory of affective meaning propounded by Osgood. Two hypotheses were tested. According to a ＂magnitude＂ hypothesis, affective dimensions （each of evaluation, potency, and activity taken separately） differ in their magnitude across pronouns I, My, Me, and They. A ＂structural＂ hypothesis stated that the affective dimensions yield latent factors across （the generality） and within （the concept-scale interaction） the pronoun concepts. Repeated-measures analysis of variance （1-way ANOVA） and confirmatory factor analysis were employed to process data. It was found that each of the evaluation and potency measures yield a significant magnitude change across the pronouns, but there was indicated no significant change across the pronouns with respect to the activity dimension. Therewith, the pronoun My gained a salient value and the pronoun They the smallest value. Using confirmatory factor analysis five models were tested. Among them one model was good fit to the data. It engaged a four-factor solution resulted in that four pronouns are latent affective distinct but related factors and the evaluation, potency, and activity are their indicators.
文摘This paper investigates the influence of exchange rate volatility on the volume of Japanese manufacturing export. The volatility in yen is shown by conditional variance from EGARCH （Exponential Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity） model, allowing for asymmetric effects that a shock of an appreciation of the yen is different from that of a depreciation of the yen. The export action model including exchange rate volatility is constructed based on VAR （Vector Auto Regressive） model to examine the relationship between exchange rate uncertainty and the volume of export. Tests are performed for typical eight kinds of industry in Japan. Few empirical studies focus on each Japanese industry export. Results indicate significant negative effects of exchange rate volatility on most manufacturing exports. In addition, this paper analyzes the each industry, featurc of the influence of exchange rate on the volume of Japanese export. The authors find that equipment industries occupying 60% or more of total Japanese exports especially tend to receive negative influence of exchange.
文摘Women have been stereotyped as better multitaskers when compared to their male counterparts. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are differences in gender performance when performing cognitive combined tasks. Twenty-four graduate students （twelve females and twelve males） volunteered to participate in the study. The task requires participants to indicate when they perceive a change in the intensity of an auditory signal while simultaneously solving algebraic problems. Multivariate Analysis of Variance （MANOVA） results reveal no significant differences between genders when performing the combined tasks （p = 0.1831 and 2 = 0.7891） although the average number of false alarms made during the combined tasks by males is nearly 11% higher than the average number of false alarms made by females. However, （Multivariate Analysis of Variance） ANOVA results for the combined tasks show that males outperform females on the computational task while listening for changes in the auditory signal F（1, 22） - 5.09, p 〈 0.03, but there are no significant differences in their ability to detect noise intensity variation or in the number of false alarms made while multitasking. For the single task analysis the ANOVAs indicate no significant differences in signal detection task performance, computational task performance, or the number of false alarms made by males and females.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.10871146the Grant MTM2008-03129 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation
文摘Consider heteroscedastic regression model Yni= g（xni） ＋ σniεni （1 〈 i 〈 n）, where σ2ni= f（uni）, the design points （xni, uni） are known and nonrandom, g（.） and f（.） are unknown functions defined on closed interval [0, 1], and the random errors （εni, 1 ≤i≤ n） axe assumed to have the same distribution as （ξi, 1 ≤ i ≤ n）, which is a stationary and a-mixing time series with Eξi =0. Under appropriate conditions, we study asymptotic normality of wavelet estimators of g（.） and f（.）. Finite sample behavior of the estimators is investigated via simulations, too.
