准关系词as,than和but

关系词通常是用来引导定语从句的,但as,than和but这三个词却与which,who,that,where,when和why等典型的关系词不同。三者本身具有常见的字面意义,前面有名词作先行词,但后面的定语从句却不像典型的定语从句。这些既像连接词又像关系词的词,我们就姑且称它们为准关系词。下面对其逐个作一分析:

A new cooperative approach for ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients to receive timely and effective percutaneous coronary reperfusion in China

Background Acute myocardial infarction （AMI） is the most serious type of coronary heart disease. However, less than 30% of these patients have been treated effectively in China. Delayed treatment is a leading cause. This study aimed to evaluate a new regional cooperative model for improving the first medical contact-to-device time and the therapeutic effects on AMI patients. Methods A retrospective analysis of 458 ST-elevation myocardial infarction （STEMI） patients was performed. Patients were divided into two groups in terms of before or after the model were implemented. First medical contact-to-device time （FMC2D）, Door to device time （D2D）, referral time, cardiac functions, mean cost, days of hospitalization, and major adverse cardiac events （MACE） were analyzed. Results The mean FMC2D time, D2D time and referral time of the model group were significantly lower than the control group. The left ventricular ejection fraction of the model group increased but the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension decreased compared with the control group at 6 months after discharge. These re- sults also showed that mean costs and days of hospitalization were reduced. The MACE rate was reduced in the model group. Conclusions These results suggested that the new model decreased the FMC2D time, which could improve the cardiac function and therapeutic effect of STEMI patients as well as decreased the financial burden.

Nutritional status in relation to lifestyle in patients with compensated viral cirrhosis

AIM:To assess the nourishment status and lifestyle of non-hospitalized patients with compensated cirrhosis by using noninvasive methods.METHODS:The subjects for this study consisted of 27 healthy volunteers,59 patients with chronic viral hepatitis,and 74 patients with viral cirrhosis,from urban areas.We assessed the biochemical blood tests,anthropometric parameters,diet,lifestyle and physical activity of the patients.A homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) value of ≥ 2.5 was considered to indicate insulin resistance.We measured height,weight,waist circumference,arm circumference,triceps skin-fold thickness,and handgrip strength,and calculated body mass index,arm muscle circumference(AMC),and arm muscle area(AMA).We interviewed the subjects about their dietary habits and lifestyle using health assessment computer software.We surveyed daily physical activity using a pedometer.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling were used to identify the relevant factors for insulin resistance.RESULTS:The rate of patients with HOMA-IR ≥ 2.5(which was considered to indicate insulin resistance) was 14(35.9%) in the chronic hepatitis and 17(37.8%) in the cirrhotic patients.AMC(%)(control vs chronic hepatitis,111.9% ± 10.5% vs 104.9% ± 10.7%,P = 0.021;control vs cirrhosis,111.9% ± 10.5% vs 102.7% ± 10.8%,P = 0.001) and AMA(%)(control vs chronic hepatitis,128.2% ± 25.1% vs 112.2% ± 22.9%,P = 0.013;control vs cirrhosis,128.2% ± 25.1% vs 107.5% ± 22.5%,P = 0.001) in patients with chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis were significantly lower than in the control subjects.Handgrip strength(%) in the cirrhosis group was significantly lower than in the controls(control vs cirrhosis,92.1% ± 16.2% vs 66.9% ± 17.6%,P < 0.001).The results might reflect a decrease in muscle mass.The total nutrition intake and amounts of carbohydrates,protein and fat were not significantly different amongst the groups.Physical activity levels(kcal/d)(control vs cirrhosis,210 ± 113 kcal/d vs 125 ± 74 kcal/d,P = 0.001),number of steps(step/d)(control vs cirrhosis,8070 ±3027 step/d vs 5789 ± 3368 step/d,P = 0.011),and exercise(Ex)(Ex/wk)(control vs cirrhosis,12.4 ± 9.3 Ex/wk vs 7.0 ± 7.7 Ex/wk,P = 0.013) in the cirrhosis group was significantly lower than the control group.The results indicate that the physical activity level of the chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis groups were low.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression modeling suggested that Ex was associated with insulin resistance(odds ratio,6.809;95% CI,1.288-36.001;P = 0.024).The results seem to point towards decreased physical activity being a relevant factor for insulin resistance.CONCLUSION:Non-hospitalized cirrhotic patients may need to maintain an adequate dietary intake and receive lifestyle guidance to increase their physical activity levels.

Climate Change in China Congruent with the Linear Trends of the Annular Modes

The authors exploit the remarkable connection between the Chinese climate trends and the annular modes by partitioning the trends into components linearly congruent with and linearly independent of the annular modes. Results show that the winter hemisphere annular mode has closer connection to Chinese climate than the summer one, e.g., the wetting JJA (June-July-August) rainfall trend along the Yangtze River valley and the associated temperature trends are significantly linearly congruent with the trend of the southern annular mode, while the JFM (January-February-March) climate trends are closely linked to the northern annular mode. The seasonal differences of a meridional wave-train-like chain across the equatorial Pacific associated with the annular modes are responsible for the seasonal-dependent connections to Chinese climate.

Effects of Different Transplanting Dates and Transplanting Methods on Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

[Objective] This study was conducted to provide a theoretical basis for the large area extension of covered well cellular transplanting. [Method] The effects of different transplanting dates and transplanting methods on yield and quality of fluecured tobacco were studied by field plot experiment with K326 as the main cultivated variety. [Result] The transplanting method could advance the transplanting date of tobacco seedlings, and achieve the effects of benefiting the growth of tobacco plants, improving the economic characteristics of tobacco leaves, coordinating the chemical components, and improving the smoking quality of tobacco leaves. [Conclusion] Generally, it is appropriate to transplant tobacco seedlings on February 25 by the covered well celluar method.

Perfect Transfer of Many-Particle Quantum State via High-Dimensional Systems with Spectrum-Matched Symmetry

The quantum state transmission through the medium of high-dimensional many-particle system （boson or spinless fermion） is generally studied with a symmetry analysis. We discover that, if the spectrum of a Hamiltonian matches the symmetry of a fermion or boson system in a certain fashion, a perfect quantum state transfer can be implemented without any operation on the medium with pre-engineered nearest neighbor （NN）. We also study a simple but realistic near half-filled tight-bindlng fermion system wlth uniform NN hopping integral. We show that an arbitrary many-particle state near the fermi surface can be perfectly transferred to its translational counterpart.

Distant Bottom Reverberation in Shallow Water

The method of coupled mode is introduced for investigation of bi-static distant bottom reverberation of impulsive source in shallow water, which will not contradict with principle of reciprocity in all cases. And the method of multi-pole for directional source is also introduced. It shows that in case of layered medium, intensity of bi-static bottom reverberation will decease according to the cubic power of receiving time t, and the transverse spatial correlation of bottom reverberation is a little greater than longitudinal correlation for equal separation of receivers, and both vary in form with the receiving time.

Application of extension neural network to safety status pattern recognition of coalmines

In order to accurately and quickly identify the safety status pattern of coalmines,a new safety status pattern recognition method based on the extension neural network (ENN) was proposed,and the design of structure of network,the rationale of recognition algorithm and the performance of proposed method were discussed in detail.The safety status pattern recognition problem of coalmines can be regard as a classification problem whose features are defined in a range,so using the ENN is most appropriate for this problem.The ENN-based recognition method can use a novel extension distance to measure the similarity between the object to be recognized and the class centers.To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method,a real-world application on the geological safety status pattern recognition of coalmines was tested.Comparative experiments with existing method and other traditional ANN-based methods were conducted.The experimental results show that the proposed ENN-based recognition method can identify the safety status pattern of coalmines accurately with shorter learning time and simpler structure.The experimental results also confirm that the proposed method has a better performance in recognition accuracy,generalization ability and fault-tolerant ability,which are very useful in recognizing the safety status pattern in the process of coal production.

Distributed Signal Condition System for EAST Tokamak

In order to achieve both the signal condition remote control and the work statute self-check through Ethernet,a distributed signal condition (DSC) system has been developed for control and data acquisition (CODAC) in the EAST tokamak nuclear fusion experiment.Based on differential amplifiers,analog multiplexers and the embedded Ethernet communication technology,a DSC system is designed and produced.This paper summarizes the DSC system design,and presents a kind of calibration method for it.This DSC system has been integrated into the EAST CODAC system,and used successfully in the 2008 EAST experiments.The user-friendly,high performance,and cost-effective DSC system greatly improves the work efficiency and reduces the fault rates of the CODAC system.

The influence of the mass culture on the contemporary college students＇ daily life

The mass culture penetrates into the world of the daily life of the contemporary college students in all directions. As the most sensitive group of the cultural assimilation, the college students practice various forms of the mass culture in their daily life. The popular culture and the everyday life are inseparable. The mass culture influences and changes the concept of our everyday life and the practice of our daily life, and enriches the connotation of the popular culture. The popular culture greatly enriches and expands the daily life of the college students with the features of the image, the nationhood and the consumption, but it also brings the negative effects that cannot be ignored. The daily life of the college students can be divided into several relative meanings according to their contents and forms, including the communication plate, the emotional plate and the leisure plate. Every meaning plate is concerned about the generation of values in the daily life of the college students, and the mass culture gives fresh and complicated contents to these meanings. How to find the values of their life and how to present oneself is the difficult problems and missions faced by the contemporary college students.

Interpretation of Symbolism in Willa.Cather novel ＂A Lost Lady＂

＂ A Lost Lady＂ is at beginning of the 20th century, a important work of creation of a famous American writer Willa Cather, through a story that a woman in a social swirl in old age gradually fall and sink, it reflects the commercialization of human society and other traditional values and lifestyle impact and erosion, and the desire of mankind for a better civilization. Works use artistic symbolism to play a certain role in the development of the plot, the characters change shape and opposition figures to portray the psychological state.

Family care and subjective well-being of coronary heart disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention:Mediating effects of coping strategies

Objectives To analyze the correlations between family care,coping strategies and the subject well-being(SWB)of patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods From November 2019 to October 2020,264 CHD patients who had undergone PCI were enrolled in this questionnaire survey.The research tools applied included General Information Questionnaire,the Adaptation,Partnership,Growth,Affection and Resolve,Medical Coping Modes Questionnaire,and the General Well-being Schedule.SPSS 24.0 and Amos 23.0 software packages were used for statistical analysis.Results The mean scores for family care,confrontation,avoidance,acceptance-resignation and SWB,were 7.59±2.24,20.03±3.78,16.49±2.70,10.42±2.01,and 73.31±11.63,respectively.Subgroup analysis showed that the path coefficient between family care and subjective well-being was higher in males than females.Family care was directly related to coping strategies.The coping strategies were directly related to SWB,while family care showed an indirect association with SWB via coping strategies.Conclusions Family care can improve CHD patients’SWB post-PCI,and coping strategies are important for the link between family care and SWB.Also,men received more family care than women.Based on a patient's characteristics,healthcare providers can promote patients’positive coping strategies,increase their perceived family care,and improve the patient's SWB.

Pupil＇s Diet-Related Attitudes to Healthy Lifestyle

The main purpose of this article was to find out more about eating habits along with other habits, attitudes and activities of elementary school pupils. Another aim was to determine possible differences among pupils, depending on their sex, age and environment. Furthermore, based on the anthropometric data （body mass and height） and age, this article was to determine the nutritional status of pupils. The research was conducted via questionnaire constructed for the needs of this specific research. Six hundred and fifty-one pupils took part in this questionnaire in a ratio of 41：59 urban/rural and 51：49 girls/boys. Most of the interviewed pupils （73.88%） have normal body mass according to their age. The share of underweight and overweight pupils is bigger among the boys. Nutritional habits differ among pupils from the urban and rural areas, but they do not differ as much among boys and girls. In addition, their nutritional habits become worse as they grow up.

Extension of Tao-Mason Equation of State to Heavy n-Alkanes

In our previous paper we extended the Tao and Mason equation of state (TM EOS) to refrigerant fluids, using the speed of sound data. This is a continuation for evaluating TM EOS in predicting PVT properties of heavy n-alkanes. Liquid density of long-chain n-alkane systems from C 9 to C 20 have been calculated using an analytical equation of state based on the statistical-mechanical perturbation theory. The second virial coefficients of these n-alkanes are scarce and there is no accurate potential energy function for their theoretical calculation. In this work the second virial coefficients are calculated using a corresponding state correlation based on surface tension and liquid density at the freezing point. The deviation of calculated densities of these alkanes is within 0.5% from experimental data. The densities of n-alkanes obtained from the TM EOS are compared with those calculated from Ihm-Song-Mason equation of state and the corresponding-states liquid densities (COSTALD). Our results are in favor of the preference of the TM EOS over other two equations of state.

Advancing the Interpretation of the Du Pont Equation

The purpose of this paper is to advance the interpretation of the Du Pont Equation, which is commonly used in the financial statements analysis of corporations. The paper makes a special interpretation of the three terms which appear in the Du Pont Equation that provides an understanding of the overall financial standing of the corporation under consideration. As a result of this interpretation, the order in which f＇mancial statements analysis is commonly performed should be reversed. That is, in financial statements analysis, one should start with the analysis of the Du Pont Equation, to gain an overall understanding of the financial situation of the corporation; and then, perform the ratio analysis, to gain a detailed understanding of the financial situation of the corporation. This order of analysis is in contrast to the order in which financial statements analysis is commonly performed, i.e., first, the ratio analysis is performed, and then, the Du Pont Equation is analyzed.

On Quantum Mechanical Hankel Transform and Its Applications

Based on our preceding works of how to relate the mathematical Hankel transform to quantum mechanical representation transform and how to express the Bessel equation by an operator identity in some appropriate representations we propose the concept of quantum mechanical Hankel transform with regard to quantum state vectors. Then we discuss its new applications.

Comparative Research on Payment Protocols SSL and SET in Electronic Commerce

The security of electronic payment is one discusses the secure mechanism and transaction process of the key problems in electronic commerce. This paper of the two electronic payment protocols SSL and SET, and presents the differences between them on security, function and practicality. SSL takes an active role in current electronic payment. With high security and perfect specifications, however, SET isn＇t widely used at present because of its complexity. But it will change in the future.

Multipartite Entanglement in Heisenberg Model

The effects of anisotropy and magnetic field on multipartite entanglement of ground state in Heisenberg XY model are investigated. The multipartite entanglement increases as a function of the inverse strength of the external field when the degree of anisotropy is finite. There are two peaks when the degree of anisotropy is γ=±1. When the degree of anisotropy increases further, the multipartite entanglement will decrease and tend to a constant. The threshold of the inverse strength of the external field for generating multipartite entanglement generally decreases with the increasing of qubits.

Functional safety verification and performance measurement of train-train communication link

The short-range wireless communication technology has advanced considerably and provides the feasibility of train-train(T2T)communication link in the communication-based train control system.The introduction of the T2T link would reduce the headway and improve operational efficiency.Formal methods are system design techniques that use rigorously specified mathematical models to ensure all behaviors work as expected.And it is exactly the functional safety verification needed.Therefore,to deal with the functional safety verification of the T2T link,an untimed colored petri net model is first constructed.Secondly,the verification process is performed.Conclusions can be drawn from the state space report and the computation tree logic queries.Lastly,the model is parameterized,and then data log files are obtained for further performance measurement.Results show that the proposed criteria are satisfied and there are no defects in the basic design requirements.The transmission delay has considered the reconnection,transmission errors and the interruption.The probability of the delay lower than 150 ms accounts for 98.106%,which meets the specification and the previous field test.

An Osmotic Pressure Equation of Uncharged Micelle and Oil/Water Microemulsion Systems

1 INTRODUCTIONMicroemulsion and micelle systems are wide-spread in the industry and agriculture applications,e.g.the petroleum exploitation,food industry chemical engineering and biological engineering,but so far,their properties are still not very well understood.Both micelle and microemulsion systems are dispersed systems and consist of the aggregationsof the surfactant.The difference between them is that there is dispered liquid phase in the coreof the aggregation in the case of the microemulsion,but in the micelle there is not any