工程认证背景下实践课程成绩评定方法与应用

随着非标准化考试等教学改革的推进,课程成绩评定成为高校实践类课程的重要考核方式。然而,由于缺乏客观定量的评价方法,主观性考核方式在认定考生成绩时存在较大不确定性。如何有效降低主观评判的随意性和不确定性成为课程成绩核定亟须解决的问题。研究提出基于师生协作的综合成绩评估方法,采用动态权重法综合学生打分和教师打分,形成更加合理的综合成绩分布,并以本科必修课程“环境规划与管理”期末成绩评定为例开展案例研究。结果表明,合理应用学生打分能够改善学生成绩分布,但要注意规避学生打分可能存在的均一化倾向和简单等权评分带来的成绩偏态分布问题。研究成果以期为大学实训类课程成绩评定提供一种新的方法。

函数递归调用问题的简化读程方法

函数的递归调用是面向过程的程序设计中一个难点问题。由于递归算法的实现过程是一张错综复杂的"网",常常使读程序者理不清头绪。本文采用了全新的思维模式,以"树"的方式代替了原来的"网",从而使这一问题的解决变得简单化。

土建工程预算审核及有效控制建筑工程结算的方法

在建筑工程建设过程中,优良的工程预算审核能够在一定程度上提高施工管理的有效性,是工程建设中的重要环节,在控制工程建设成本上发挥着重要的作用。文章就土建工程预算审核方式及控制建筑工程结算的策略进行分析,以促进建筑工程建设中各项问题的有效解决,切实提高建筑工程预结算水平。

试析土建工程预算审核方法及建筑工程结算的有效控制

在建筑工程施工的过程中,优秀的工程预算审计可以在一定程度上,提高施工管理的有效性是工程建设的重要环节,工程建设成本控制起着重要的作用。土木工程预算审计方法和策略的文章分析了建设工程结算的控制,为了促进有效地解决这个问题在建筑工程的建设,建设和完善项目会计结算水平。

热传导差分边界元技术的双方程方法

由热传导方程经过对时间差分离散得到的椭圆型方程-Δu+k^2u=f,其边界积分方程的类型,关于未知热势导数是第一类积分方程,关于未知热势,第二类积分方程。本文以守恒积分为工具,推导出新型边界积分方程,其类型与经典方程相反,关于未知热势是第一类积分方程,关于未知热势导数是第二类积分方程。此外,对Direchlet问题与混合边值问题作边界元离散时,采用双方程方法,即:在不同类型的边界段上采用不同的边界积分方程,算例表明该算法比经典边元界法具有更高的精度。

三维定常对流扩散方程的双方程方法

三维定常对流扩散方程的经典边界积分方程,其类型关于未知对流扩散势导数是第一类积分方程,关于未知对流扩散势是第二类积分方程。本文从格林公式出发,通过建立位势的单、双场守恒积分公式,推导出三维定常对流扩散方程新的边界积分方程,其类型与经典方程相反。对不同的边界采用不同的方程,由此把双方程边界元方法推广到三维空间。

基于S-DBR方法的驾培排程研究

由于经济水平的提高,家家户户都有车辆,学车已成为一种潮流,然而当今驾校行业中存在着一系列问题,比如教练员数量不够、基础设施不完善、效率低、市场混乱等。文中将通过研究驾校行业安排培训的过程、限制理论基础上的S-DBR排程方法的相关理论,说明了当前驾校行业存在的问题以及分析了驾培过程低效率产生的逻辑过程,最后,基于S-DBR模型提出新的驾培排程方法,试图优化驾培效率和质量,实现驾培行业的新发展。研究结果表明:驾校行业应提高自身的综合竞争力,满足学员多样化需求,从而保证通过率的实现,并且S-DBR的可实施性很高,可以提高各科目的培训负荷率,降低资源浪费率。

缩短产程方法的探讨

随着近年来医学的发展，为使阴道分娩更显人性化．在缩短产程、减轻产妇疼痛、提高产科质量、降低剖宫产率方面，广大医务人员总结了许多可行的方法及经验。现就结合我院近年来的临床经验及结合各种文献资料，简单总结如下。

多代理机制在炼钢连铸排程中的应用研究

针对大型冶金企业中多座转炉对多台铸机生产时炼钢连铸的排程难题,提出利用多代理机制的排程方法来解决这一问题。利用某企业的设备和工艺参数建立基于多代理机制的炼钢连铸排程仿真模型,研究了模型的构成、排程算法和排程优化策略,然后用实际的生产计划数据进行测试,排程结果完全满足实际生产需求。优化结果同时可给出生产作业顺序、工艺路线和生产时刻等,测试结果证明了该方法的有效性和适用性。

如何提高家具生产排程的效率

中国家具市场的国际化及小批量多品种的需求给家具生产商提出了更高的要求,即高效高柔性生产。通过分析常用生产排程方法的特点,以及柔性化生产排程方法的特性及应用过程,最后得出结论:柔性化生产排程方法能够适应小批量多品种家具生产的需要,能够提高家具企业的生产效率和竞争力。

炼钢生产计划智能化排程方法探索与优化

文章结合实际生产情况,对生产计划排程方法进行探索和分析,从多工序一体化角度出发,以转炉-精炼-连铸生产节奏和产能释放为核心,对生产计划排程进行优化,提出了四种基本排程模式,并建立过程跟踪和评价体系,实现在不同情况下的生产计划智能化排程和应用评价,提高了生产效率。

A Hybrid Dung Beetle Optimization Algorithm with Simulated Annealing for the Numerical Modeling of Asymmetric Wave Equations

In the generalized continuum mechanics(GCM)theory framework,asymmetric wave equations encompass the characteristic scale parameters of the medium,accounting for microstructure interactions.This study integrates two theoretical branches of the GCM,the modified couple stress theory(M-CST)and the one-parameter second-strain-gradient theory,to form a novel asymmetric wave equation in a unified framework.Numerical modeling of the asymmetric wave equation in a unified framework accurately describes subsurface structures with vital implications for subsequent seismic wave inversion and imaging endeavors.However,employing finite-difference(FD)methods for numerical modeling may introduce numerical dispersion,adversely affecting the accuracy of numerical modeling.The design of an optimal FD operator is crucial for enhancing the accuracy of numerical modeling and emphasizing the scale effects.Therefore,this study devises a hybrid scheme called the dung beetle optimization(DBO)algorithm with a simulated annealing(SA)algorithm,denoted as the SA-based hybrid DBO(SDBO)algorithm.An FD operator optimization method under the SDBO algorithm was developed and applied to the numerical modeling of asymmetric wave equations in a unified framework.Integrating the DBO and SA algorithms mitigates the risk of convergence to a local extreme.The numerical dispersion outcomes underscore that the proposed SDBO algorithm yields FD operators with precision errors constrained to 0.5‱while encompassing a broader spectrum coverage.This result confirms the efficacy of the SDBO algorithm.Ultimately,the numerical modeling results demonstrate that the new FD method based on the SDBO algorithm effectively suppresses numerical dispersion and enhances the accuracy of elastic wave numerical modeling,thereby accentuating scale effects.This result is significant for extracting wavefield perturbations induced by complex microstructures in the medium and the analysis of scale effects.

电工仪表的扩程及注意事顶

在电机实验中,有时需要对电工仪表进行扩程.下面介绍一下功率表,电流表以及电压表的扩程方法和注意事项.

浅谈高职院校计算机公共课教学方法的改革与研究

计算机基础课程已经成为高等职业院校各个专业必修的一门课程,高职院校的教学特点以及学生的差异性较大,本文通过分析高职院校计算机专业教育的教学特点,从如何培养计算机应用型人才的角度出发,对计算机教学方法做了几点探讨。

Numerical simulation of downhole temperature distribution in producing oil wells

An improved numerical simulation method is presented to calculate the downhole temperature distribution for multiple pay zones in producing oil wells. Based on hydrodynamics and heat transfer theory, a 2-D temperature field model in cylindrical coordinates is developed. In the model, we considered general heat conduction as well as the heat convection due to fluid flow from porous formation to the borehole. We also take into account the fluid velocity variation in the wellbore due to multiple pay zones. We present coupled boundary conditions at the interfaces between the wellbore and adjacent formation, the wellbore and pay zone, and the pay zone and adjacent formation. Finally, an alternating direction implicit difference method （ADI） is used to solve the temperature model for the downhole temperature distribution. The comparison of modeled temperature curve with actual temperature log indicates that simulation result is in general quite similar to the actual temperature log. We found that the total production rate, production time, porosity, thickness of pay zones, and geothermal gradient, all have effects on the downhole temperature distribution.

Linear numerical calculation method for obtaining critical point,pore fluid,and framework parameters of gas-bearing media

Up to now, the primary method for studying critical porosity and porous media are experimental measurements and data analysis. There are few references on how to numerically calculate porosity at the critical point, pore fluid-related parameters, or framework-related parameters. So in this article, we provide a method for calculating these elastic parameters and use this method to analyze gas-bearing samples. We first derive three linear equations for numerical calculations. They are the equation of density p versus porosity Ф, density times the square of compressional wave velocity p Vp^2 versus porosity, and density times the square of shear wave velocity pVs^2 versus porosity. Here porosity is viewed as an independent variable and the other parameters are dependent variables. We elaborate on the calculation steps and provide some notes. Then we use our method to analyze gas-bearing sandstone samples. In the calculations, density and P- and S-velocities are input data and we calculate eleven relative parameters for porous fluid, framework, and critical point. In the end, by comparing our results with experiment measurements, we prove the viability of the method.

高速列车底架焊接变形的超声波法应力分析

基于单轴应力下声弹性理论,针对现有临界折射纵波应力测量方法测试区域大的缺点,提出声程差方法,克服了应力分辨率和应力场分辨率的矛盾,在当前探头制造以及超声传播时间测量精度水平下,提高了应力场空间分辨率,能够更好地获得非均匀应力场的应力梯度;使用该方法对某型高速列车底架焊接变形进行了生产现场的应力测量;对比底架上变形合格与不合格部位的应力分布,并根据应力状况计算了变形超量,指出了导致变形的原因,为后期调修提供了可靠的依据.结果表明,该方法适用于生产现场的应力评估,对焊接结构质量监控有着重要意义.

Arrhenius relationship and two-step scheme in AF hyperdynamics simulation of diffusion of Mg/Zn interface

The accelerating factor （AF） method is a simple and appropriate way to investigate the atomic long-time deep diffusion at solid-solid interface. In the framework of AF hyperdynamics （HD） simulation, the relationship between the diffusion coefficient along the direction of z-axis which is normal to the Mg/Zn interface and temperature was investigated, and the AF＇s impact on the diffusion constant （D0） and activation energy （Q^＊） was studied. Then, two steps were taken to simulate the atomic diffusion process and the formation of new phases： one for acceleration and the other for equilibration. The results show that： the Arrhenius equation works well for the description of Dz with different accelerating factors; the AF has no effect on the diffusion constant Do in the case of no phase transition; and the relationship between Q＊ and Q conforms to Q^＊=Q/A. Then, the new Arrhenius equation for AFHD is successfully constructed as Dz=Doexp[-Q/（ART）]. Meanwhile, the authentic equilibrium conformations at any dynamic moment can only be reproduced by the equilibration simulation of the HD-simulated configurations. Key words： accelerating factor method; Arrhenius equation; two-steps scheme; Mg/Zn interface; hyperdynamic simulation

Phase-field study on competition precipitation process of Ni-Al-V alloy

With microscopic phase-field kinetic model, atomic-scale computer simulation program for the precipitation sequence and microstructure evolution of the ordered intermetallic compound γ＇ and θ in ternary Ni75AlxV25-x alloy were studied. The simulation results show that Al concentration has important effects on the precipitation sequence. When Al concentration in Ni75AlxV25-x alloy is low, 0（Ni3V） ordered phase will be firstly precipitated, followed by γ＇（Ni3Al） ordered phase. With Al concentration increasing, θ and γ＇ ordered phases are simultaneously precipitated. With A1 concentration further increasing, γ＇ ordered phase is firstly precipitated, followed by θ ordered phase. There is a competition relationship between θ and γ＇ ordered phases during growth and coarsening process. No matter which first precipitates, θ ordered phase always occupies advantage in the competition process of coarsening, thus, the microstructure with preferred orientation is formed.

Development of a distributed and integratable manufacturing execution system framework

Using remote method invocation (RMI) and a distributed object-oriented technique, this paper presents a systematic approach to developing a manufacturing execution system (MES) framework, which is open, modularized, distributed, configurable, interoperable and maintainable. Moreover, the design patterns for the framework .are developed and a variety of functional components are designed by inheriting appropriate patterns. And then an application is constructed by invoking corresponding methods of related components. An MES system implementing the framework and design patterns can be facilely integrated with other manufacturing applications, such as enterprise resource planning (ERP) and floor control system (FCS) .