煤矿的充填开采及复垦技术探析

开采沉陷是造成矿区环境地质灾害的直接原因,有效控制和减轻地面沉陷程度是避免开采沉陷环境灾害的基本途径。充填采煤法是减少地表下沉效果作好的方法。开采沉陷对土地资源的影响和破坏是难以避免的,所以各个煤矿应该应用根据自己的实际情况和条件合理应用防止和控制开采沉陷技术和土地复垦技术,矿区生态复垦技术等多学科知识,对地表塌陷进行综合治理和开发利用,才能更好地保护地表、矿区的环境、农民的利益。文章针对煤矿开采对矿区环境、地表破坏的影响,以减轻危害程度为目标,提出合理的采矿方法和工艺。

Mirizzi Syndrome: Our Experience with 27 Cases in PUMC Hospital

Objective To retrospectively evaluate the diagnosis and treatment of Mirizzi syndrome （MS）. Methods Patients who received elective or emergency cholecystectomies in our center during 23 years were retrospectively evaluated. The data reviewed included demography, clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, surgical procedures, postoperative complications, and follow-up.

How to Teach Academic Reading More Effectively： Reading-Aloud Approach

In furtherance of their most recent research on the textbook of the course LC （language and communication） 4001 Reading Skills Development in English for Graduate Studies （2012）, the co-authors carried out a follow-up work on read-aloud approach as some students voiced a sense of dissatisfaction with regard to such means which was primarily used in the LC 4001 class taking place from August 8 to November 27, 2012. In the current study, the data were garnered from 37 students enrolling in LC 4001 from January 8 to May 7, 2013. Based on the questionnaire, the findings revealed that a large number of the English reading learners acknowledged the mounting importance of English as a linguafranca in the region of 84% and 16% at the ＂most＂ and ＂much＂ levels, respectively. Likewise, around 90% of the participants had a positive attitude toward such pedagogical method, while only 10% disliked it. Concerning the academic reading curriculum for higher English reading competence, students＇ different language learning backgrounds and personal excitement caused by reading-aloud activities should be taken on board. Any activity introduced into the classroom should be explicitly stated to the students at the beginning of the course. Using any instructional approach without clear explanations or precautions may seriously upset learners partially or even completely obstruct their effective learning

Strategies on Curriculum Reform of Hotel Management by Integrating Theory and Practice into Teaching

Integrating theory and practice into teaching is an advanced pedagogy, particularly suitable for the cultivation of applied talents in higher vocational colleges. In this paper, the author first discusses the connotation of the teaching method as integration of theory and practice and illustrates the background and significance of employing this teaching method in the curriculum reform of hotel management in higher vocational colleges. After that, the teaching content, methods as well as evaluation system are elaborated for implementing the integration of theory and practice teaching, and finally, some countermeasures are put forward for improving this teaching method.

Based on an Integrated Teaching of the ＂Retail Management＂ Analysis of Curriculum Reform

Vocational colleges teaching curriculum reform is an important content. Retail Management course is a relatively new course, more and more attention are paid by the university. But the old education system in the retail management course teaching practice is of flaw. This paper aims to explore retail management curriculum reform. Exploration for integrated teaching methods, combined with ＂Retail Management＂ course teaching reform put forward some theoretical assumptions that based on characteristics of the course, the introduction of integrated retail management courses teaching method is feasible.

Differences inthe Level of Social Status of Male and Female Folk Dancers

The research was conducted in order to determine differences in the social status structure of male and female performers of folk dances. For the purpose of determining the social status structure of male and female dancers, 103 male and 145 female dancers aged 18-28 actively engaged in folk dancing were tested. For the assessment of social status, only one model that allows for true scientific approach to studying the structure of stratification dimensions has been made so far. The model was constructed by Saksida and later served as a basis for many studies conducted by other authors as well （Saksida, Caserman, Petrovic, Momirovic, and Hosek）. Designed as a phenomenological model, it has undergone several changes over time, but it is still suitable for studying social change. The INST2 questionnaire modified by Boli, Popovic, Hosek, Momirovic, and Savic （SSMIN） was applied in this study. All the data obtained in this research were processed at the Multidisciplinary Research Center of the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Pristina, through the system of data processing programs designed by D. Popovic and K Momirovic. To determine differences between the groups, a method of discriminant analysis was applied.

A study of college art students＇ English learning motivation

In the process of English teaching for the college art students, teachers are always hunted by the following problem： No matter how hard they try, there is not much response from the students. What are the reasons？ The very important one is that students lack English learning motivation. Therefore, the present study examines the motivational beliefs of first-year art major undergraduates, aiming to increase college art students＇ interest in learning English, promote their active learning and improve their learning results.

Hydrodynamic characteristics of the surface-piercing propellers for the planing craft

Demand for high-speed marine vehicles (HSMVs) is high among both commercial and naval users. It is the duty of the marine vessel's designer to provide a hull and propulsion system that diminishes drag, improves propulsive efficiency, increases safety and improves maneuverability. From the propulsor side, surface piercing propellers (SPPs) should improve performance. Unlike immersed propellers, behavior of the SPP is affected by depth of immersion, Weber number and shaft inclination angle. This paper uses a practical numerical method to predict the hydrodynamic characteristics of an SPP. The critical advance velocity ratio is derived using the Weber number and pitch ratio in the transition mode, then the potential based boundary element method (BEM) is used on the engaged surfaces. Two models of three and six-bladed SPPs (SPP-1 and SPP-2) were selected and some results are shown.

Study on the Points Needing Attention in Aerobics Training of Junior College Students

With the continuously increasing competition in the modern society, the learning pressure of students is getting greater and greater and many students are in shortage of reasonable time to take physical exercises so that they are in a state of sub-health for a long time. Aerobics, as a combination of music and sports, has been more and more popular among teachers and students. However, in aerobics training, the injuries to the physical bodies of students will be caused due to the improper training methods. Therefore, in this paper, the points needing attention in aerobics training is studied, and then scientific aerobics training methods are proposed.

Discussion on the Application of Flipped Classroom in English Teaching in Higher Vocational Colleges

Compared with college students in regular higher education institutions, students in higher vocational colleges have a series of problems, such as lack of study foundation, learning interest and self-control. Although they have studied English for many years, they still have many problems in applying English. They also have some problems in English learning. Under this background, English teachers in higher vocational colleges must improve teaching methods and stimulate students＇ interest in English learning. Building a teaching model of flipped classroom based on information technology will provide new ideas for English teaching reform.

The Androgynic Pedagogic Approach in the Study and Teaching of Performing Arts in South Africa

For many years now, scholars or researchers have been advocating for an androgynous or all-embracing （multicultural） approach in teaching and learning of musical arts and other performing arts at universities, performing arts centres and other institutions. This article discusses the study and teaching situation of musical arts in South Africa, based on the research of nine institutions of higher learning. The major objective of this article therefore is to explore the extent to which South African institutions of higher learning and performing arts centres have incorporated the arts and culture of the historically marginalised people of South Africa in their respective curricula. From the results, it points out that music departments at South African institutions of higher learning have not yet fully transformed their programmes away from European models to programmes that affirm and embrace all the musical styles and genres practiced in the country. The article provides an advocacy for a strong androgynic approach in the study and teaching of performing arts in South Africa： the incorporation of both African indigenous and Western art forms in the respective curricula.

A Semi-quantitative Serological Method to Assess the Potency of Inactivated Rabies Vaccine for Veterinary Use

Potency is one of the most important indexes of inactivated vaccines.A number of methods have been established to assay the potency,of which the NIH test and single-dose mouse protection test are the "prescribed methods".Here,we report a method to semi-quantitatively assay the potency of an inactivated rabies vaccine,which uses fewer animals and takes less time to complete.Depending on the quality requirements of a vaccine(e.g.minimum potency),a rabies reference vaccine is,for example,diluted to the minimum potency,and 50 μL of the dilution is taken to inoculate 10 mice.The same amount of the test rabies vaccine is inoculated into another 10 mice.After two weeks,all mice are bled and serum samples are assayed for viral neutralizing antibody by the fluorescent antibody virus neutralization(FAVN) test.By comparing the median and interquartile range of antibody titers of the reference vaccine with those of the test vaccine,the test vaccine potency can be semi-quantitatively judged as to whether it is in accord with the required quality.The reliability of this method was also confirmed in dogs.The procedure can be recommended for batch potency testing during inactivated rabies vaccine production.

Innovative Thought on College Assessment Method of Professional Courses in Fashion Engineering

Summarize the value of current assessment method college course assessment in fashion engineering major, ensure the of professional course and existing problems, discuss how to innovate fashion engineering major build the training method to nurture talents with practical and innovative abilities, improve the innovative ability of college students comprehensively, and promote the long-term de-velopment of college fashion engineering major by analyzing the college course assessment in fashion engineering.

THE CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES USED IN OUTPATIENT CLINICS IN GENERAL HOSPITAL

Aim. To statistic the usage of hypnotics and sedatives in outpatient and emergency clinics prescriptions in one day. Method. Check all prescriptions on April 29, 1987 and November 13, 1995 in order to know the quantity, kind and distribution of hypnotics and sedatives in different outpatient departments. Result. There were 1 319 prescriptions on April 29, 1987. Among them, hypnotics and sedatives were 122(9. 24%); in comparing with 2 065 prescriptions on November 13, 1995, hypnotics and sedatives were 141 (6. 82%). Benzodiazepine used more than 80% in all prescriptions. Conclusion. The possibility of long-term low-dosage using benzodiazepine is present. It must strengthen the control and education to avoid the drug-abuse.

The Practice Research of Task Driving Method in Basic Teaching of Information Technology

Purpose： It is used for judging the advantages and disadvantages of information technology foundation course teaching in health vocational colleges. Method： In teaching, it takes the two classes of 2012 grade nursing major as the experiment object. The comparison class adopts traditonal and speaking-practice combination teaching method and the experiment class adopts task-driving teaching method. When the semester finishes, it conducts testing andd questionnaire survey, collecting the relevant data, analyzing the changes of students in the aspects of performance, learning interest and attitude, autonomous learning consciousness and ability after experiment class adopting new teaching methods. Result： The exam performance of experiment class is obviously higher than the comparison class, and the experiment class has an obvious improvement in the aspects of learning interest, autonomous learning consciousness and ability, and the difference has statistical significance. Conclusion： The task driving teaching method is suitable for the status of information foundation teaching in health vocational colleges, which improves students＇ performance significantly and is good for students＇ learning interest and enthusiasm, obtaining good classroom effect. Also, it makes students＇ autonomous learning consciousness and ability improve greatly.

Study on Mathematical Modeling Software MATLAB Teaching in Higher Vocational Colleges

The present situation of the mathematics teaching in higher vocational colleges is not optimistic. In the new education system, it is an urgent problem for the mathematics teachers in higher vocational colleges to bring forth new ideas for the teaching methods, improve the students＇ interest in learning, and train the application-oriented talented personnel needed by the society. MATLAB software package can help set up a bridge and link for the mathematics teaching and the practical application. Its powerful numerical calculation ability can quickly solve all kinds of calculation problems, so that the basic thinking methods are more closely focused in mathematics teaching and also more conditions are created for mathematics teaching to combine the actual major conditions and life conditions. In this paper, the related problems in the implementation of mathematical modeling software MATLAB and model in higher vocational colleges are discussed.

Post-marketing safety surveillance and reevaluation of Motherwort injection：A clinical study of 10094 cases

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the safety profiles of Motherwort injection(MI).METHODS:A multi-center,prospective and drugderived hospital intensive monitoring method was conducted to assess the safety of MI in real world applications.This study was based on a very large population after the injection was approved and marketed in China.All patients using the injection in participating hospitals were monitored to determine the incidence,pattern,severity and outcome of associated adverse events.RESULTS:The post-marketing surveillance was performed in 10 094 female patients from April to December,2015.The incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs) was 0.79‰(8/10 094).Among the 8 patients,the reported adverse events mainly included systemic abnormalities,such as fever,chills and eyelid edema;skin and appendages disorders,such as pruritus and rash;gastrointestinal disorders,such as nausea,abdominal distension and pain;heart rate and rhythm disorders,such as palpitation and increased heart rate.All of these ADRs were mild in severity.CONCLUSION:In this study the ADRs incidence rate of MI is very low,which supports that it is generally safe for use in obstetric and gynecological diseases.However,the total number of 8 ADRs recorded over a relatively short time span seems limited,and the low number of reports could not represent an absolute guarantee of safety.

Prevalence and treatment of hypertension in China： impacts of 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association High Blood Pressure Guideline

The definition, recommended treatment thresholds and targets of hypertension have been updated in the recent 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association(ACC/AHA) Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults. However,the impacts of this guideline on Chinese population are currently unknown. In this study, we aim to provide updated data in China using criteria from the updated guideline. A multistage, stratified sampling method was used to obtain a representative sample of 50,171 adults aged 18 years and above.Hypertension was defined as an average systolic blood pressure !130 mm Hg, or an average diastolic blood pressure !80 mm Hg, or self-reported use of antihypertensive medications in past 2 weeks. The weighted prevalence of hypertension was 60.1%(95% confidence interval [CI] 59.3%–61.0%). The treatment rate and recommended treatment rate were 16.8%(95% CI 16.1%–17.6%) and 53.7%(95% CI52.6%–54.9%), respectively; the gap was more prominent among men and participants from rural areas.Hence, the adoption of the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline will lead to a substantial increase in both prevalence and number of patients needing treatment in China. The applicability of this guideline should be carefully evaluated based on evidence from Chinese population.

Clinical Study on Point-toward-Point Needling for Asthenopia

Objective:To observe the effect of point-toward-point needling on asthenopia.Methods:A total of 60 asthenopia cases were randomized into an observation group and a control group,30 cases in each group.Pointtoward-point needling was used in the observation group;whereas point injection was used in the control group.The signs and symptoms including visual tasks and eye fatigue were observed before and after treatments.This was followed by an inter-group comparison of eye discomfort symptom score and therapeutic effects.Results:After treatment,the symptoms and signs in both groups were significantly improved,showing a statistical significance(P<0.01)and inter-group difference(P<0.01).The total effective rate of the observation group was 96.7%,versus 69.0%in the control group,showing a statistical difference(P<0.01).Conclusion:Both treatment protocols can help alleviate the clinical symptoms of asthenopia;point-toward-point needling can obtain better effect than point injection.

Analysis on the risk factors of second fracture in osteoporosis-related fractures

Objective： To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of refracture in patients suffering from osteoporosis-related fractures as well as effective interventions. Methods： From January 2006 to January 2008, both out-patients and in-patients in our hospital who were over 50 years old and suffered from osteoporosis-related fractures were selected for this research. They were divided into fracture group and refracture group. The refracture rate was followed up for 2 years, during which 11 patients developed refracture, thus were included in the refracture group. Therefore, 273 patients, 225 first-fracture cases, aged （67.7± 8.5） years, and 48 refracture cases, aged （72.7±9.5） years, were included in this study. General data including age and sex, fracture types, femoral neck bone mineral density （BMD） T-scores tested by dual-energy X-rays absorptiometry （DEXA）, Charlson index, time-frame between two fractures as well as mobility skill assessment were collected and analyzed by single-factor and multivariate statistical methods. Results： Females accounted for 70.2% of the fracture group and 77.1% of the refracture group. The most common refracture type was vertebral fracture for the first time and femoral neck fracture for the second time during the followup. The second fracture happened 3.7 years after the first one on average. The refracture rate was 2.12% within one year, and 4.66% within two years. Risk factors for a second fracture in osteoporotic fracture patients included age （〉75 years, HR=1.23, 95%CI 1.18-1.29; 〉85 years, HR=1.68, 95% CI 1.60-1.76）, female sex （HR=1.36, 95%CI 1.32-1.40）, prior vertebral fractures （HR= 1.62, 95%CI 1.01-2.07）, prior hip fractures （HR=1.27, 95%CI 0.89-2.42）, BMD T-score〈-3.5 （HR-1.38, 95%CI 1.17-1.72） and weakened motor skills （HR=1.27, 95%CI 1.09-1.40）. Conclusions： The risks of second fracture among patients with initial brittle fracture are substantial. There is adequate time between the first and second fractures for interventions to reduce the risks of refracture, especially for the old women with a vertebral or hip fracture. Medication, motor functional rehabilitation and fall-down prevention training are helpful.