在SPAD营养诊断氮素施肥模型基础上,确定滴灌棉花不同生育期的最佳施氮量;结合单次灌溉时间、轮灌区面积的相关研究,确定不同规格配肥盘的配肥时间。通过对比配肥盘单位时间配肥量与施肥量之间的关系,确定滴灌精准施肥装置的施氮配肥能...在SPAD营养诊断氮素施肥模型基础上,确定滴灌棉花不同生育期的最佳施氮量;结合单次灌溉时间、轮灌区面积的相关研究,确定不同规格配肥盘的配肥时间。通过对比配肥盘单位时间配肥量与施肥量之间的关系,确定滴灌精准施肥装置的施氮配肥能力。结果表明:滴灌棉田单位时间施肥量只与单井出水量Q和特定棉花生育时期的施氮量Nd有关。该装置100、200、300 g 3个规格配肥盘无论在任何单井出水量情况下,都无法满足棉花全生育期追施氮肥的需要,400 g与500 g规格的配肥盘也只能满足特定单井出水量条件下的棉花追氮任务,并在此基础上对装置的优化与改进进行了阐述。展开更多
The bread-making quality of wheat is a highly complex trait that depends on both genetic and environmental factors. This study aims at evaluating the effects of different rates, time and splitting of nitrogen fertiliz...The bread-making quality of wheat is a highly complex trait that depends on both genetic and environmental factors. This study aims at evaluating the effects of different rates, time and splitting of nitrogen fertilization on the technological quality of wheat cultivated in the Brazilian Southern region. The samples of bread wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, Onix, Quartzo and Mirante cultivars, were obtained through the use of nitrogen （N） fertilizer applied in doses of 36, 100 and 120 kg N ha1 at sowing, tillering and flowering. Laboratorial tests were carried out in a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The parameters analyzed were： grain yield, total protein, protein fractions, gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulins, sulfur, gluten strength （W）, dough tenacity （P）, extensibility （L） and stability （S）, bread specific volume and bread firmness. While the content of total and reserve proteins is significantly increased with a higher rate and splitting of N, the content of metabolic proteins remains constant. A mean increase in the quality parameters W （24.37%）, L （14.86%） and P （11.59%） among cultivars was noticed after application of 120 kg N ha1, split at sowing, tillering and flowering. Bread specific volume increased, while bread firmness decreased with a higher rate of N fertilizer. Wheat fertilization with high doses of N does not cause induction to S deficiency in the grains. Not only increasing the N fertilization rate, but also splitting the N rate had a beneficial effect on the technological quality of wheat.展开更多
文摘在SPAD营养诊断氮素施肥模型基础上,确定滴灌棉花不同生育期的最佳施氮量;结合单次灌溉时间、轮灌区面积的相关研究,确定不同规格配肥盘的配肥时间。通过对比配肥盘单位时间配肥量与施肥量之间的关系,确定滴灌精准施肥装置的施氮配肥能力。结果表明:滴灌棉田单位时间施肥量只与单井出水量Q和特定棉花生育时期的施氮量Nd有关。该装置100、200、300 g 3个规格配肥盘无论在任何单井出水量情况下,都无法满足棉花全生育期追施氮肥的需要,400 g与500 g规格的配肥盘也只能满足特定单井出水量条件下的棉花追氮任务,并在此基础上对装置的优化与改进进行了阐述。
文摘The bread-making quality of wheat is a highly complex trait that depends on both genetic and environmental factors. This study aims at evaluating the effects of different rates, time and splitting of nitrogen fertilization on the technological quality of wheat cultivated in the Brazilian Southern region. The samples of bread wheat （Triticum aestivum L.）, Onix, Quartzo and Mirante cultivars, were obtained through the use of nitrogen （N） fertilizer applied in doses of 36, 100 and 120 kg N ha1 at sowing, tillering and flowering. Laboratorial tests were carried out in a completely randomized design with four repetitions. The parameters analyzed were： grain yield, total protein, protein fractions, gliadins, glutenins, albumins and globulins, sulfur, gluten strength （W）, dough tenacity （P）, extensibility （L） and stability （S）, bread specific volume and bread firmness. While the content of total and reserve proteins is significantly increased with a higher rate and splitting of N, the content of metabolic proteins remains constant. A mean increase in the quality parameters W （24.37%）, L （14.86%） and P （11.59%） among cultivars was noticed after application of 120 kg N ha1, split at sowing, tillering and flowering. Bread specific volume increased, while bread firmness decreased with a higher rate of N fertilizer. Wheat fertilization with high doses of N does not cause induction to S deficiency in the grains. Not only increasing the N fertilization rate, but also splitting the N rate had a beneficial effect on the technological quality of wheat.
