By describing the status quo of tourism industry in Shenyang and by eval- uating and comparatively analyzing the tourism competitiveness in the four cities of Shenyang, Dalian, Changchuan and Harbin, this paper points...By describing the status quo of tourism industry in Shenyang and by eval- uating and comparatively analyzing the tourism competitiveness in the four cities of Shenyang, Dalian, Changchuan and Harbin, this paper points out advantages and existing problems in tourism competitiveness of Shenyang and finally comes up with strategies to promote the competitiveness of tourism in Shenyang.展开更多
This paper proposes that it is necessary to implement the concept of tourist carrying capacity to facilitate the tourism planning, and presents a method to evaluate the carrying capacity. The method called matter elem...This paper proposes that it is necessary to implement the concept of tourist carrying capacity to facilitate the tourism planning, and presents a method to evaluate the carrying capacity. The method called matter element analysis can solve the uncertain and incompatible problem of the evaluated factors in assessing carrying capacity.The current state of a destination's carrying capacity can be determined by establishing the standard indexes and the matter element model. Through the evaluating of the travel industry zones of the Autonomous Prefecture of Western Hunan, the method is proved to be simple and feasible, and it is improved to be significant for the tourism planning and determination as well as the sustainable development of the regional tourism.展开更多
There is no universally-accepted definition of tourism carrying capacity(TCC) .Numerical TCC focuses on use level and is considered as"a magic number"of the saturation point for tourism.There are several rea...There is no universally-accepted definition of tourism carrying capacity(TCC) .Numerical TCC focuses on use level and is considered as"a magic number"of the saturation point for tourism.There are several reasons why numerical tourism capacity is inadequate.Alternatively,tourism capacity can be defined in terms of limits of acceptable change,which shifts the focus from"how much use is too much"to"how much change is acceptable".This article proposes an improved conceptual framework for evaluating carrying capacity for the tourism city based on approaches used in US national parks,which consider the impact of human use on a city's economic,environmental/resource,and socio-cultural conditions.Based on the basic data of indicator values and relevant standards,the framework monitors the current indicators and predicts future indicator values;it can also be used to assess and predict TCC.展开更多
As a part of the carrying capacity system of tourism destination, tourism psychological carrying capacity and its makeup are very important indexes which reflect the harmoni-ous development of tourism destination deve...As a part of the carrying capacity system of tourism destination, tourism psychological carrying capacity and its makeup are very important indexes which reflect the harmoni-ous development of tourism destination develops harmoniously, but the academy has not paid enough attention to them. Based on the concept and connotation of psychological carrying ca-pacity, this paper explains the influencing factors which affect the psychological capacity of the tourist and the resident after the acknowledged concept, and then designs a harmonious de-velopment model of tourism destination. Finally, it offers some countermeasures against the overloading psychological capac-ity.展开更多
Under the principle of sustainable development, this paper analyzes the factors influencing the competitive power of scenic spots, and sets up a set of evaluation index system, which considers environmental, ecologica...Under the principle of sustainable development, this paper analyzes the factors influencing the competitive power of scenic spots, and sets up a set of evaluation index system, which considers environmental, ecological, social and economic benefits. According to the characteristic of the inder system, the principal component analysis is adopted to do comprehensive appraisal. In the case study this paper analyzes the competitiveness of scenic spots in Jiangsu province.展开更多
The value of application of three-dimensional visualization and animation technique in dynamic simulation of geographical landscape formation is analyzed and, in particular, how to simulate the formation and evolvemen...The value of application of three-dimensional visualization and animation technique in dynamic simulation of geographical landscape formation is analyzed and, in particular, how to simulate the formation and evolvement of geographical landscape in temporal dimension is discussed thoroughly. Based on various modeling tools in 3DS MAX and original DEM data of the study area acquired from topographic map, real three-dimensional terrain model is generated by using the method of three-dimensional mesh approximation through DEM interpolating and surface modeling, which leads to the realization of the dynamic visualization and simulation of volcanic landscape, formation and evolvement. Furthermore, the dynamic three-dimensional visual virtual scenery of the formation and evolvement of the volcano in the Changbai Mountains of Jilin, China, is constructed. The applicability, potential, and corresponding technique of using 3DS MAX to dynamically simulate the formation of geographical landscape are expatiated.展开更多
Tourism is one of the typical labor intensive industries and tourism human resource(HR) is the main factor for regional discrepancy of tourism industry.The paper takes China as research region and evaluates the level ...Tourism is one of the typical labor intensive industries and tourism human resource(HR) is the main factor for regional discrepancy of tourism industry.The paper takes China as research region and evaluates the level of tourism HR and the level of tourism industry of 31 provinces respectively.First,the paper constructs evaluation index of regional tourism industry and tourism HR.Then,the paper gets the evaluation scores of every province by applying the principal components analysis and statistical package for the social sciences processing.Second,the paper builds the tourism development-tourism HR matrix and divides the matrix into four quadrants.Finally,the paper points out the problems of tourism HR that exist in the 31 provinces and puts forward development strategy.展开更多
Based on the actual situation of Pai-Medog hiking route, the tourism environmental carrying capacity of this route was calculated in this study. According to the analysis and calculation results and referring to the c...Based on the actual situation of Pai-Medog hiking route, the tourism environmental carrying capacity of this route was calculated in this study. According to the analysis and calculation results and referring to the common control measures of tourism environmental carrying capacity, corresponding control measures were put forward for the Pai-Medog hiking route.展开更多
From the perspective of tourism competitiveness,the paper takes 12 island counties of China as the research object,and applies the method of factor analysis to study their competitiveness.The result shows that Putuo a...From the perspective of tourism competitiveness,the paper takes 12 island counties of China as the research object,and applies the method of factor analysis to study their competitiveness.The result shows that Putuo and Dinghai are more competitive while Pingtan and Nan'ao are less competitive.Finally,the 12 island counties are divided into four styles:first-class competitive county (Putuo),seond-class competitive counties (Dinghai,Yuhuan),third-class competitive counties (Chongming,Daishan,Changdao,Changhai and Shengsi),fourth-class competitive counties (Dongshan,Dongtou,Pingtan and Nan'ao) by cluster analysis.The classification of island counties is to clear their relative position,then to promote their development.展开更多
The article establishes the appraisal index system for entire urban agglomeration and its interior cities individually,concretely including five aspects:driving forces for tourism development,the level of tourism deve...The article establishes the appraisal index system for entire urban agglomeration and its interior cities individually,concretely including five aspects:driving forces for tourism development,the level of tourism development,tourism impacts,tourism economic connection and tourism contributions of different cities to the whole urban agglomeration.As tourism competitiveness has the characteristics of comprehensiveness,systematicness and dynamicness,the article attempts to apply the structural prediction means of system dynamics to evaluating tourism competitiveness,aiming to provide some research methods and analysis ideas for tourism competitiveness measurement and trends analysis in urban agglomeration.Taking Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as the study area,the article simulates and analyzes the tourism competitiveness trend of the whole region and its interior cities from 2005 to 2020,and the result reflects that integrated development and regional combination of tourism are important means to upgrade tourism competitiveness in this region.展开更多
Aiming at the tourism informationization is difficult to meet the needs of passengers and massive data processing changes day by day, this paper puts forward a solution based on WSN wisdom travel. The scheme will be t...Aiming at the tourism informationization is difficult to meet the needs of passengers and massive data processing changes day by day, this paper puts forward a solution based on WSN wisdom travel. The scheme will be the tourism resources virtualization to frame a wisdom tourism cloud platform based on cloud computing IAAS, PAAS and SAAS model, and use cloud computing and open source software OpenStack, Hadoop architecture design. The purpose enable the tourism resources of wisdom navel cloud system into one unified management, unified sales, unified treatment and unified service. Thus the system implement the tourism industry cluster and the collaborative development of tourism resources, improve the information processing capacity and reliability.展开更多
A prototype of hydraulically powered quadruped robot is presented. The aim of the research is to develop a versatile robot platform which could travel fleetly in outdoor terrain with long time of en- durance and high ...A prototype of hydraulically powered quadruped robot is presented. The aim of the research is to develop a versatile robot platform which could travel fleetly in outdoor terrain with long time of en- durance and high load carrying ability. The current version is 1. lm long and 0.48m wide, and weights about 150kg. Each leg has four rotational joints driven by hydraulic cylinders and one pas- sive translational joint with spring. The torso carries the control system and the power system. A no- vel control algorithm is developed based on a Spring-Loaded Inverted Pendulum model and the prin- ciple of joint function separation. The robot can not only cross a 150mm high obstacle in static gait and trot at 2.5km/h and l km/h on the level-ground and 10°sloped-terrain respectively, but also au- tomatically keep balanced under lateral disturbance. In this paper, the mechanical structure and control systems are also discussed. Simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the design and algorithms.展开更多
Tourism is an important industry in the economic and social development of our country, the development of tourism in the new economy and a higher requirement. Deal with the new economic challenges and opportunities, ...Tourism is an important industry in the economic and social development of our country, the development of tourism in the new economy and a higher requirement. Deal with the new economic challenges and opportunities, accelerate information construction of the tourism industry, and enhance capacity for sustainable development of tourism. The tourism is our only way to power. Combining tourism information of construction status and trends, problems encountered in the process of tourism information to analyze and propose solutions strategy.展开更多
From the five-force model application in enterprises, this paper analyzes the five-force model in the development of cruise industry in shanghai which is based on the background of supply-side structural reform. As a ...From the five-force model application in enterprises, this paper analyzes the five-force model in the development of cruise industry in shanghai which is based on the background of supply-side structural reform. As a result, getting the answer of the cruise industry of corresponding relationship with the access capability of potential competitors, the bargaining capability of suppliers and buyers, the replacing capability of substitutes, industry competitors existing competition ability. From these relations, it summarizes the cruise industry core competitive advantages, such as high quality service, high differentiation of user experience and so on. At last, through the corresponding analyze of the strategy, providing useful advice for the sustainable development of cruise industry.展开更多
Shandong Province is abundant in ecological resources to develop regional ecotourism.By using factor analysis method to analyze all possible influencing factors on regional ecotourism industry competitiveness,this art...Shandong Province is abundant in ecological resources to develop regional ecotourism.By using factor analysis method to analyze all possible influencing factors on regional ecotourism industry competitiveness,this article assesses 17 sample regions' competitiveness of ecotourism industry in Shandong.The regional ecotourism industry competitiveness is divided into two aspects:current competitiveness and potential competitiveness.13 indexes are to analyze current competitiveness and 7 indexes to analyze potential competitiveness respectively.Relative suggestions are given as well.展开更多
The concept of competitiveness influenced by many factors is analyzed in terms of terminology distinctions. This is the reason of numerous definitions of this term included in the first part of the paper, which varies...The concept of competitiveness influenced by many factors is analyzed in terms of terminology distinctions. This is the reason of numerous definitions of this term included in the first part of the paper, which varies according to the aspect of the analysis, analyzed marketing unit, tourism product, geographical unit, region, destination, or entities that offer an acceptable integrated product a package by specific indicators for comparison of elements of competitiveness. The first part of the article theoretically emphasizes the distinction in defining the concept of competitiveness from various aspects of the analyzed market subjects （different features and facilities provided）, and from those aspects of their specific business relationship in the market. Special contribution to the study of competitiveness is contained in the second part of the paper that analyzes the existing situation of intermediation in the European tourism market. This research is based on using the data of descriptive statistics and the secondary research which gives insights into the business of travel agencies, using the data such as number of employees, annual personnel costs, and the average annual cost per person employed in travel agencies in some European countries. The changes in the environment, and the competition initiate a need for an analysis of the internal environment, travel agencies＇ tasks, and their organizational structure. Also, the results conducted research on a sample of 500 travel agencies in 20 European countries indicate the dominance of quality service, price, and value for money as key factors of demand for achieving the competitiveness. It indicates new trends focused on needs for more specific--integrated tourist products that ensure the quality of service, value for money, and for the time that tourists invest in their obtaining.展开更多
This paper results from an exploratory investigation regarding the tourist consumer behavior identifying which attractiveness factors from tourist destination define tourist consumer capacity and have importance in hi...This paper results from an exploratory investigation regarding the tourist consumer behavior identifying which attractiveness factors from tourist destination define tourist consumer capacity and have importance in his choice In this investigation, a model elaborated based on a detailed situational analysis considering different aspects related with offering and demand that compose the tourist activity dimensions, such as infra structure, tourism potential, geographical factors, climate, economy, cultural and environmental resources public policies and sustainability was adopted. The competitive environment also was analyzed, once tourists have different destinations to their disposal which is attracted for destinations that offer optimum value and the greatest number of benefits. To reach the proposed objectives, an exploratory research through in depth personal interviews with 20 individuals was carried on using snow ball technique aims to identify the possible factors of attractiveness and related degree of importance of each of these possible factors in the tourist consumer behavior. After that, a confirmatory research was conducted with 150 individuals. The sampling process was done using convenience sample and data which were collected between November and December, 2009, through direct proportionally survey divided between man and woman展开更多
Despite its tiny territory, Macao boasts a large volume of tourist activities, which serves as the pillar of its economy. En- vironment and natural resources are the cornerstone of tourism, but are also subject to the...Despite its tiny territory, Macao boasts a large volume of tourist activities, which serves as the pillar of its economy. En- vironment and natural resources are the cornerstone of tourism, but are also subject to the negative impact of tourism. Based on the theory and methodology of ecological footprint analysis, this paper calculated the touristic ecological footprint and deficit of Macao in 2009, in an effort to bring to light the current status of excessive consumption of resources by tourism. As the findings show, the non-h＇ansferable touristic ecological footprint and touristic ecologi- cal deficit of Macao in 2009 are respectively 18 300.891 gha and 12 737.584 gha, and the former is 3.29 times as large as the tour- istic ecological carrying capacity. Touristic ecological footprint of Macao is highly efficient in economic sense but currently tourism is developing in an unsustainable manner, so appropriate initiatives are in need to strike a balance between tourism development and resource conservation and to promote the sustainability of tourism industry of Macao.展开更多
In recent years, with rapid development of Sino-foreign cooperation in higher vocational colleges, it puts forward higher requirements for students＇ English comprehensive ability. According to the characteristics of ...In recent years, with rapid development of Sino-foreign cooperation in higher vocational colleges, it puts forward higher requirements for students＇ English comprehensive ability. According to the characteristics of higher vocational colleges of tourism, as well as the author＇ s own teaching experience, this paper elaborates the characteristics of English teaching in the Sino-foreign cooperative education, and the ways to cultivate and improve cross-cultural communication ability for students in tourism colleges.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Plan of Shenyang City~~
文摘By describing the status quo of tourism industry in Shenyang and by eval- uating and comparatively analyzing the tourism competitiveness in the four cities of Shenyang, Dalian, Changchuan and Harbin, this paper points out advantages and existing problems in tourism competitiveness of Shenyang and finally comes up with strategies to promote the competitiveness of tourism in Shenyang.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.50425927),the Key Project of National Development and Reform Commission of China(No.2002BA516A15-12),and the Natural Science Foundations of Hunan(No.04JJ3013).
文摘This paper proposes that it is necessary to implement the concept of tourist carrying capacity to facilitate the tourism planning, and presents a method to evaluate the carrying capacity. The method called matter element analysis can solve the uncertain and incompatible problem of the evaluated factors in assessing carrying capacity.The current state of a destination's carrying capacity can be determined by establishing the standard indexes and the matter element model. Through the evaluating of the travel industry zones of the Autonomous Prefecture of Western Hunan, the method is proved to be simple and feasible, and it is improved to be significant for the tourism planning and determination as well as the sustainable development of the regional tourism.
文摘There is no universally-accepted definition of tourism carrying capacity(TCC) .Numerical TCC focuses on use level and is considered as"a magic number"of the saturation point for tourism.There are several reasons why numerical tourism capacity is inadequate.Alternatively,tourism capacity can be defined in terms of limits of acceptable change,which shifts the focus from"how much use is too much"to"how much change is acceptable".This article proposes an improved conceptual framework for evaluating carrying capacity for the tourism city based on approaches used in US national parks,which consider the impact of human use on a city's economic,environmental/resource,and socio-cultural conditions.Based on the basic data of indicator values and relevant standards,the framework monitors the current indicators and predicts future indicator values;it can also be used to assess and predict TCC.
文摘As a part of the carrying capacity system of tourism destination, tourism psychological carrying capacity and its makeup are very important indexes which reflect the harmoni-ous development of tourism destination develops harmoniously, but the academy has not paid enough attention to them. Based on the concept and connotation of psychological carrying ca-pacity, this paper explains the influencing factors which affect the psychological capacity of the tourist and the resident after the acknowledged concept, and then designs a harmonious de-velopment model of tourism destination. Finally, it offers some countermeasures against the overloading psychological capac-ity.
基金Supported by the project(04EYB018)of the philosophical and social science research in the tenth five-year program of Jiangsu province,and the university philosophical and social science project(04SJD790020)of the Education Department of Jiangsu province.
文摘Under the principle of sustainable development, this paper analyzes the factors influencing the competitive power of scenic spots, and sets up a set of evaluation index system, which considers environmental, ecological, social and economic benefits. According to the characteristic of the inder system, the principal component analysis is adopted to do comprehensive appraisal. In the case study this paper analyzes the competitiveness of scenic spots in Jiangsu province.
文摘The value of application of three-dimensional visualization and animation technique in dynamic simulation of geographical landscape formation is analyzed and, in particular, how to simulate the formation and evolvement of geographical landscape in temporal dimension is discussed thoroughly. Based on various modeling tools in 3DS MAX and original DEM data of the study area acquired from topographic map, real three-dimensional terrain model is generated by using the method of three-dimensional mesh approximation through DEM interpolating and surface modeling, which leads to the realization of the dynamic visualization and simulation of volcanic landscape, formation and evolvement. Furthermore, the dynamic three-dimensional visual virtual scenery of the formation and evolvement of the volcano in the Changbai Mountains of Jilin, China, is constructed. The applicability, potential, and corresponding technique of using 3DS MAX to dynamically simulate the formation of geographical landscape are expatiated.
基金Preliminary research result of project of Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong (Grant No.:ZR2011DM008)project of Research Funding of Qufu Normal University (Grant No.XJ201101)
文摘Tourism is one of the typical labor intensive industries and tourism human resource(HR) is the main factor for regional discrepancy of tourism industry.The paper takes China as research region and evaluates the level of tourism HR and the level of tourism industry of 31 provinces respectively.First,the paper constructs evaluation index of regional tourism industry and tourism HR.Then,the paper gets the evaluation scores of every province by applying the principal components analysis and statistical package for the social sciences processing.Second,the paper builds the tourism development-tourism HR matrix and divides the matrix into four quadrants.Finally,the paper points out the problems of tourism HR that exist in the 31 provinces and puts forward development strategy.
基金Sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Tibet(2016ZR-NQ-10)
文摘Based on the actual situation of Pai-Medog hiking route, the tourism environmental carrying capacity of this route was calculated in this study. According to the analysis and calculation results and referring to the common control measures of tourism environmental carrying capacity, corresponding control measures were put forward for the Pai-Medog hiking route.
基金supported by a grant from Shandong Social Science Planning Project in 2010 (Grant No:10CJGJ22)Ocean University of China Young Teachers Special Fund Project in 2010 (Grant No:201013070)
文摘From the perspective of tourism competitiveness,the paper takes 12 island counties of China as the research object,and applies the method of factor analysis to study their competitiveness.The result shows that Putuo and Dinghai are more competitive while Pingtan and Nan'ao are less competitive.Finally,the 12 island counties are divided into four styles:first-class competitive county (Putuo),seond-class competitive counties (Dinghai,Yuhuan),third-class competitive counties (Chongming,Daishan,Changdao,Changhai and Shengsi),fourth-class competitive counties (Dongshan,Dongtou,Pingtan and Nan'ao) by cluster analysis.The classification of island counties is to clear their relative position,then to promote their development.
基金Project supported by the Social Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (Grand no.04BJZ44)the Science and Technology project of Shandong Province,China (Grand no.2004GG3206003)
文摘The article establishes the appraisal index system for entire urban agglomeration and its interior cities individually,concretely including five aspects:driving forces for tourism development,the level of tourism development,tourism impacts,tourism economic connection and tourism contributions of different cities to the whole urban agglomeration.As tourism competitiveness has the characteristics of comprehensiveness,systematicness and dynamicness,the article attempts to apply the structural prediction means of system dynamics to evaluating tourism competitiveness,aiming to provide some research methods and analysis ideas for tourism competitiveness measurement and trends analysis in urban agglomeration.Taking Shandong Peninsula urban agglomeration as the study area,the article simulates and analyzes the tourism competitiveness trend of the whole region and its interior cities from 2005 to 2020,and the result reflects that integrated development and regional combination of tourism are important means to upgrade tourism competitiveness in this region.
文摘Aiming at the tourism informationization is difficult to meet the needs of passengers and massive data processing changes day by day, this paper puts forward a solution based on WSN wisdom travel. The scheme will be the tourism resources virtualization to frame a wisdom tourism cloud platform based on cloud computing IAAS, PAAS and SAAS model, and use cloud computing and open source software OpenStack, Hadoop architecture design. The purpose enable the tourism resources of wisdom navel cloud system into one unified management, unified sales, unified treatment and unified service. Thus the system implement the tourism industry cluster and the collaborative development of tourism resources, improve the information processing capacity and reliability.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Programme of China(No.2011AA040701)
文摘A prototype of hydraulically powered quadruped robot is presented. The aim of the research is to develop a versatile robot platform which could travel fleetly in outdoor terrain with long time of en- durance and high load carrying ability. The current version is 1. lm long and 0.48m wide, and weights about 150kg. Each leg has four rotational joints driven by hydraulic cylinders and one pas- sive translational joint with spring. The torso carries the control system and the power system. A no- vel control algorithm is developed based on a Spring-Loaded Inverted Pendulum model and the prin- ciple of joint function separation. The robot can not only cross a 150mm high obstacle in static gait and trot at 2.5km/h and l km/h on the level-ground and 10°sloped-terrain respectively, but also au- tomatically keep balanced under lateral disturbance. In this paper, the mechanical structure and control systems are also discussed. Simulations and experiments are carried out to validate the design and algorithms.
文摘Tourism is an important industry in the economic and social development of our country, the development of tourism in the new economy and a higher requirement. Deal with the new economic challenges and opportunities, accelerate information construction of the tourism industry, and enhance capacity for sustainable development of tourism. The tourism is our only way to power. Combining tourism information of construction status and trends, problems encountered in the process of tourism information to analyze and propose solutions strategy.
文摘From the five-force model application in enterprises, this paper analyzes the five-force model in the development of cruise industry in shanghai which is based on the background of supply-side structural reform. As a result, getting the answer of the cruise industry of corresponding relationship with the access capability of potential competitors, the bargaining capability of suppliers and buyers, the replacing capability of substitutes, industry competitors existing competition ability. From these relations, it summarizes the cruise industry core competitive advantages, such as high quality service, high differentiation of user experience and so on. At last, through the corresponding analyze of the strategy, providing useful advice for the sustainable development of cruise industry.
文摘Shandong Province is abundant in ecological resources to develop regional ecotourism.By using factor analysis method to analyze all possible influencing factors on regional ecotourism industry competitiveness,this article assesses 17 sample regions' competitiveness of ecotourism industry in Shandong.The regional ecotourism industry competitiveness is divided into two aspects:current competitiveness and potential competitiveness.13 indexes are to analyze current competitiveness and 7 indexes to analyze potential competitiveness respectively.Relative suggestions are given as well.
文摘The concept of competitiveness influenced by many factors is analyzed in terms of terminology distinctions. This is the reason of numerous definitions of this term included in the first part of the paper, which varies according to the aspect of the analysis, analyzed marketing unit, tourism product, geographical unit, region, destination, or entities that offer an acceptable integrated product a package by specific indicators for comparison of elements of competitiveness. The first part of the article theoretically emphasizes the distinction in defining the concept of competitiveness from various aspects of the analyzed market subjects （different features and facilities provided）, and from those aspects of their specific business relationship in the market. Special contribution to the study of competitiveness is contained in the second part of the paper that analyzes the existing situation of intermediation in the European tourism market. This research is based on using the data of descriptive statistics and the secondary research which gives insights into the business of travel agencies, using the data such as number of employees, annual personnel costs, and the average annual cost per person employed in travel agencies in some European countries. The changes in the environment, and the competition initiate a need for an analysis of the internal environment, travel agencies＇ tasks, and their organizational structure. Also, the results conducted research on a sample of 500 travel agencies in 20 European countries indicate the dominance of quality service, price, and value for money as key factors of demand for achieving the competitiveness. It indicates new trends focused on needs for more specific--integrated tourist products that ensure the quality of service, value for money, and for the time that tourists invest in their obtaining.
文摘This paper results from an exploratory investigation regarding the tourist consumer behavior identifying which attractiveness factors from tourist destination define tourist consumer capacity and have importance in his choice In this investigation, a model elaborated based on a detailed situational analysis considering different aspects related with offering and demand that compose the tourist activity dimensions, such as infra structure, tourism potential, geographical factors, climate, economy, cultural and environmental resources public policies and sustainability was adopted. The competitive environment also was analyzed, once tourists have different destinations to their disposal which is attracted for destinations that offer optimum value and the greatest number of benefits. To reach the proposed objectives, an exploratory research through in depth personal interviews with 20 individuals was carried on using snow ball technique aims to identify the possible factors of attractiveness and related degree of importance of each of these possible factors in the tourist consumer behavior. After that, a confirmatory research was conducted with 150 individuals. The sampling process was done using convenience sample and data which were collected between November and December, 2009, through direct proportionally survey divided between man and woman
文摘Despite its tiny territory, Macao boasts a large volume of tourist activities, which serves as the pillar of its economy. En- vironment and natural resources are the cornerstone of tourism, but are also subject to the negative impact of tourism. Based on the theory and methodology of ecological footprint analysis, this paper calculated the touristic ecological footprint and deficit of Macao in 2009, in an effort to bring to light the current status of excessive consumption of resources by tourism. As the findings show, the non-h＇ansferable touristic ecological footprint and touristic ecologi- cal deficit of Macao in 2009 are respectively 18 300.891 gha and 12 737.584 gha, and the former is 3.29 times as large as the tour- istic ecological carrying capacity. Touristic ecological footprint of Macao is highly efficient in economic sense but currently tourism is developing in an unsustainable manner, so appropriate initiatives are in need to strike a balance between tourism development and resource conservation and to promote the sustainability of tourism industry of Macao.
文摘In recent years, with rapid development of Sino-foreign cooperation in higher vocational colleges, it puts forward higher requirements for students＇ English comprehensive ability. According to the characteristics of higher vocational colleges of tourism, as well as the author＇ s own teaching experience, this paper elaborates the characteristics of English teaching in the Sino-foreign cooperative education, and the ways to cultivate and improve cross-cultural communication ability for students in tourism colleges.
