In the metropolises of China, the metro plays an increasingly important role in commuting because of its efficiency, affordability, and cleanliness. This paper attempts to explore the relationship between walking acce...In the metropolises of China, the metro plays an increasingly important role in commuting because of its efficiency, affordability, and cleanliness. This paper attempts to explore the relationship between walking access distance to metro stations and the demographic characteristics of passengers, such as age, monthly income, travel frequency, gender, and travel purpose, as well as the influence of the urban context. Nanjing Metro Line 2 is selected as the case study. By using different methods such as a questionnaire survey, spatial decay function, analysis of covariance(ANOVA), network analysis of routes, and K-means cluster analysis, it is suggested that demographic characteristics have a significant impact on the pedestrian walking distance, with the exception of gender. Furthermore, the paper finds a spatial decay effect in walking access distance, the decay rate of which, however, varies across stations. Terminal stations have a larger pedestrian catchment area than in regular and exchange stations. Moreover, the passengers of Nanjing Metro Line 2 can be classified into six groups according to their demographic characteristics, among which education and occupation are vital indicators in determining their willingness to walk to the stations. Middle-class passengers have a higher dependence on the metro and tend to walk longer than other groups do. This study provides an important reference for planners and transport sectors to optimize land-use and transport infrastructures.展开更多
Through an analysis of the accounts of English travellers in Naples between 1816 and 1841, the objective of this paper is to attempt to identify an image of the city and its inhabitants without following the direction...Through an analysis of the accounts of English travellers in Naples between 1816 and 1841, the objective of this paper is to attempt to identify an image of the city and its inhabitants without following the direction of the usual negative stereotypes common to much of the literature associated with the ＂Grand Tourist＂, a literature to which scholars and readers from the 16th to the 19th century were used. The research also aims to demonstrate through previously unknown and unheeded sources that there were not only those English travellers on their Grand Tour of the post-Restoration Bourbon Mezzogiorno （southern Italy） looking for an opportunity of comparing their own civilization （which was considered far superior） to a more fragile reality. There were also other British people who had identified, with a critical eye and spirit of observation, the existence of a Naples and a south Italy which did not merely represent the sum of stereotypes and fallacies handed down through the centuries, and thus refusing the obvious, predictable and false approach given by their own countrymen.展开更多
Turkey, thanks to its natural and cultural tourism resources, is an international tourism destination characterized by intense mobility. The purpose of this study, to determine the contribution of the tourism sector i...Turkey, thanks to its natural and cultural tourism resources, is an international tourism destination characterized by intense mobility. The purpose of this study, to determine the contribution of the tourism sector in the country＇s economy and Russian tourist profile, was examined and investigated. Survey data collection techniques were used in the study. National and international researches were supported by literature. In this study, it was aimed to determine the role and the importance of Marmaris in the development of tourism in economy. It was also aimed to determine the cause of Russian tourists preferring Marmaris. The 12 questions in the questionnaire are to determine the demographic and travel characteristics, four questions are to determine the resources of accommodation and information of Russian tourists, and the questionnaire was completed with a question which was asked to determine the reason of preferring Marmaris, It was graded with the five-point Likert scale. The results of the study show the profile of Russian tourists who prefer Marmaris. It was examined that they have come up with all-inclusive system, they have two-week holiday term, they gather information through travel agencies, and Marmaris has an intensive revisit frequency. Marmaris is expressed as a great holiday destination by Russian tourists. Accordingly, Marmaris is popular among Russian tourists as a tourist destination and is considered to be quite suitable for the holidays.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.41701180)
文摘In the metropolises of China, the metro plays an increasingly important role in commuting because of its efficiency, affordability, and cleanliness. This paper attempts to explore the relationship between walking access distance to metro stations and the demographic characteristics of passengers, such as age, monthly income, travel frequency, gender, and travel purpose, as well as the influence of the urban context. Nanjing Metro Line 2 is selected as the case study. By using different methods such as a questionnaire survey, spatial decay function, analysis of covariance(ANOVA), network analysis of routes, and K-means cluster analysis, it is suggested that demographic characteristics have a significant impact on the pedestrian walking distance, with the exception of gender. Furthermore, the paper finds a spatial decay effect in walking access distance, the decay rate of which, however, varies across stations. Terminal stations have a larger pedestrian catchment area than in regular and exchange stations. Moreover, the passengers of Nanjing Metro Line 2 can be classified into six groups according to their demographic characteristics, among which education and occupation are vital indicators in determining their willingness to walk to the stations. Middle-class passengers have a higher dependence on the metro and tend to walk longer than other groups do. This study provides an important reference for planners and transport sectors to optimize land-use and transport infrastructures.
文摘Through an analysis of the accounts of English travellers in Naples between 1816 and 1841, the objective of this paper is to attempt to identify an image of the city and its inhabitants without following the direction of the usual negative stereotypes common to much of the literature associated with the ＂Grand Tourist＂, a literature to which scholars and readers from the 16th to the 19th century were used. The research also aims to demonstrate through previously unknown and unheeded sources that there were not only those English travellers on their Grand Tour of the post-Restoration Bourbon Mezzogiorno （southern Italy） looking for an opportunity of comparing their own civilization （which was considered far superior） to a more fragile reality. There were also other British people who had identified, with a critical eye and spirit of observation, the existence of a Naples and a south Italy which did not merely represent the sum of stereotypes and fallacies handed down through the centuries, and thus refusing the obvious, predictable and false approach given by their own countrymen.
文摘Turkey, thanks to its natural and cultural tourism resources, is an international tourism destination characterized by intense mobility. The purpose of this study, to determine the contribution of the tourism sector in the country＇s economy and Russian tourist profile, was examined and investigated. Survey data collection techniques were used in the study. National and international researches were supported by literature. In this study, it was aimed to determine the role and the importance of Marmaris in the development of tourism in economy. It was also aimed to determine the cause of Russian tourists preferring Marmaris. The 12 questions in the questionnaire are to determine the demographic and travel characteristics, four questions are to determine the resources of accommodation and information of Russian tourists, and the questionnaire was completed with a question which was asked to determine the reason of preferring Marmaris, It was graded with the five-point Likert scale. The results of the study show the profile of Russian tourists who prefer Marmaris. It was examined that they have come up with all-inclusive system, they have two-week holiday term, they gather information through travel agencies, and Marmaris has an intensive revisit frequency. Marmaris is expressed as a great holiday destination by Russian tourists. Accordingly, Marmaris is popular among Russian tourists as a tourist destination and is considered to be quite suitable for the holidays.
