内循环视角下服务行业“内卷化”的创新溢出效应——以景区旅游业和酒店餐饮业为例

本文基于内循环视角,以景区旅游业和酒店餐饮业为例,采用2017-2021年的企业样本数据,定量分析了景区旅游业和酒店餐饮业的行业内卷化现状,并考察了行业内卷化对企业创新行为的影响效应。研究发现:当前我国景区旅游业和酒店餐饮业行业内卷化程度都处于较高水平,但相比较而言,景区旅游业的内卷化程度更高。实证研究进一步发现,行业内卷化对景区旅游业和酒店餐饮业行业内企业创新均带来了显著的负向抑制作用(负外部性),且行业内卷化程度越高,越不利于企业创新。相比较而言,景区旅游业的行业内卷化对企业创新的负面溢出效应更强。最后从鼓励企业错位竞争、政府财税货币政策引导激励和监管,以及行业协会的行业价格指导等方面,提出了缓解行业内卷化并助力企业创新的相关政策启示。

对我国旅游景区建立法人治理结构的探讨

旅游景区现行的产权委托代理结构以及由此产生的景区管理和运营机制,已经不能适应旅游业发展的要求,旅游业开发和经营过程中的资源闲置、浪费及低效率运转的现象普遍存在,有必要在旅游景区建立法人治理结构,通过其制衡关系和制度安排来实现对代理人的约束和激励,以最大限度地保护所有者的利益。要认识到旅游是综合性的社会经济现象,我们必须以系统的观念来看待旅游景区保护和发展的问题,与旅游相关的部门,包括文化、城建、林业、宗教等部门,都必须目标一致,在保护好景区风景资源的前提下,走保护开发、永续利用、可持续发展的路子。

统筹保护与利用，谋求可持续发展--阿拉善沙漠世界地质公园通湖景区迎来快速发展势头

生态旅游作为旅游业可持续发展的一种实践形式，被认为是实现旅游业可持续发展的首要的、必然的选择。阿拉善盟通湖旅游区在开发利用过程中，注重规范景区管理，拓展发展思路，提升品牌优势，以可持续发展为目标，统筹保护与利用相结合，真正发展为具有地区特色和民族特色的新兴旅游业景区。

Ecological Effects Measures and Regulation of Tourism Island

With the sustainable development of tourism in China, the phenomenon of ecological islanding in tourist attractions gradually becomes prominent, affecting the sustainable development of landscape and ecological environment in scenic spots. Tourist attractions are influenced by spatial location, resource characteristics and ecology, environmental protection and other factors. The appeals of government, tourism enterprises, developers and community villagers in the aspect of landscape and ecology are different in the development process of tourism, leading to different degrees, frequencies and scopes of tourism ecological islanding with prominent conflicts. This is a typical problem in the development stage of tourist attractions in China. Taking six scenic spots in Puzhehei as examples, the values of tourism ecological islanding were measured scientifically, and a anti-planning regulatory mechanism against tourism ecological islanding was established in this paper to achieve the sustainable development of the tourist attractions and ecological environment.