凝视性景观与互动性景观——旅游场景观类型对游客地方感的结构性影响

游客地方感是游客与旅游目的地环境互动产生的地方性体验,体现为游客与旅游目的地之间存在的认知、意志尤其是情绪和情感的联结,而旅游场是游客产生旅游体验的具体情境和环境,对游客地方感的产生、强度和结构性特质具有根本性的影响。文章以旅游场的早期研究成果为理论出发点,选择内蒙古华俄后裔聚居地室韦作为案例地,运用扎根理论和内容分析等实证研究方法,在对旅游场进一步加以分类、探讨其内在维度结构的基础上,尝试解释游客地方感与旅游场之间的关系,厘清不同的旅游场及其呈现的景观类型在游客地方感形成过程中的差异性作用,进而构建旅游场中的游客地方感理论模型,拓展旅游场在游客地方感形成过程中的理论解释视角。研究结果表明,旅游场由旅游行为场和旅游氛围场的二维结构构成,前者在游客地方感的形成中具有先期赋彩作用,因此是一种"凝视性景观",而后者则是具有当下聚焦作用的"互动性景观"。如果在旅游体验范式中对此作出进一步解释,当游客地方感在旅游氛围场和旅游行为场呈现同型、同构特征时,其会得到进一步地巩固或强化,而相比于旅游氛围场来说,旅游行为场对游客地方感的形成具有更为重要的作用。

Research on Difference of Tourism Consumption Behavior of the Youth

The tourism consumption behavior of the young people has significant effect on the present social tourism consumption behavior. Intensifying the research on tourism consumption behavior of the youth group helps to explore the hot spot of tourism consumption, and designing specific marketing programs and taping into consumption potential is the key to market development. The research takes the university students in the youth group as an example to analyze the features and difference of tourism consumption behavior and observe tourism consumption marketing of the university students, for providing reference for the expansion of tourism market.