In order to simulate the real growing process, a new type of knowledge network growth mechanism based on local world connectivity is constructed. By the mean-field method, theoretical prediction of the degree distribu...In order to simulate the real growing process, a new type of knowledge network growth mechanism based on local world connectivity is constructed. By the mean-field method, theoretical prediction of the degree distribution of the knowledge network is given, which is verified by Matlab simulations. When the new added node＇s local world size is very small, the degree distribution of the knowledge network approximately has the property of scale-free. When the new added node＇s local world size is not very small, the degree distribution transforms from pure power-law to the power-law with an exponential tailing. And the scale-free index increases as the number of new added edges decreases and the tunable parameters increase. Finally, comparisons of some knowledge indices in knowledge networks generated by the local world mechanism and the global mechanism are given. In the long run, compared with the global mechanism, the local world mechanism leads the average knowledge levels to slower growth and brings homogenous phenomena.展开更多
Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowled...Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowledge, including research-based knowledge, do practicing architects make use of when designing accessible environments？ The answer to the question is crucially important since it affects how knowledge is distributed and how accessibility can be ensured. In order to get first-hand knowledge about the design process and the sources from which they gain knowledge, 11 qualitative interviews were conducted with architects with experience of designing for accessibility. The analysis draws on two theoretical distinctions. The first is research-based knowledge versus knowledge used by architects. The second is context-independent knowledge versus context-dependent knowledge. The practitioners found their primary support in context-dependent knowledge, whereas context-independent knowledge was criticized as being too prescriptive. Further, they tended to ask for assistance from the researcher in person rather than reading research publications. The findings challenge research in two ways--first, to produce context-dependent knowledge to structure the first step of the design process, second, to develop new ways to ensure a knowledge flow between research and practice.展开更多
One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution...One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution to a firm＇s sustainability of performance, recognition of these intellectual assets in the financial statements do not correspond with their significance as they have to rigid criteria set by conventional accounting standards. This study seeks to assess the level of intellectual capital （IC） resources reported in Malaysian companies in the traditional sectors of the economy and examine their reporting trends in the annual reports of these companies from years 2003 and 2008 Data was collected from companies listed in the main board of Malaysia Stock Exchange （or Bursa Malaysia） and content analysis was applied. Results show that the extent of IC reporting in the annual accounts of listed companies in traditional sectors is slightly above average.展开更多
Among the multifarious systems of civil law rights, intellectual property rights （IPR） score relatively high in terms of scientific and technological content and knowledge factors. It is generally accepted that copy...Among the multifarious systems of civil law rights, intellectual property rights （IPR） score relatively high in terms of scientific and technological content and knowledge factors. It is generally accepted that copyright occurs in the realm of cultural creation, and is closely related to cultural innovation and the culture industry; patent rights arise in the field of technical applications, and are closely allied with technical innovation and the technology industry; and trademarks function in the area of business operations and involve a number of issues such as product sales and market trading. In the knowledge-based economy, the implementation of an IPR system can have a profound impact on a country＇s economic development, technological progress, and cultural and educational prosperity. And in the context of economic globalization, IPR protection also involves international politics and trade as well as cultural and technological exchanges and cooperation between countries.It is therefore both important and necessary for us to explore the attributes of IPR from the perspective of civil law, and to examine the functions of IPR from the multiple perspectives of human rights theories, economics, management and policy science. This helps us reveal the basic meaning of intellectual property rights from different disciplinary perspectives, and to maintain problem orientation and methodological openness in IPR research.展开更多
The authors prove that the crossed product of an infinite dimensional simple separable unital C*-algebra with stable rank one by an action of a finite group with the tracial Rokhlin property has again stable rank one....The authors prove that the crossed product of an infinite dimensional simple separable unital C*-algebra with stable rank one by an action of a finite group with the tracial Rokhlin property has again stable rank one. It is also proved that the crossed product of an infinite dimensional simple separable unital C*-algebra with real rank zero by an action of a finite group with the tracial Rokhlin property has again real rank zero.展开更多
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No70571013,70973017)Program for New Century Excellent Talentsin University (NoNCET-06-0471)Human Social Science Fund Project ofMinistry of Education (No09YJA630020)
文摘In order to simulate the real growing process, a new type of knowledge network growth mechanism based on local world connectivity is constructed. By the mean-field method, theoretical prediction of the degree distribution of the knowledge network is given, which is verified by Matlab simulations. When the new added node＇s local world size is very small, the degree distribution of the knowledge network approximately has the property of scale-free. When the new added node＇s local world size is not very small, the degree distribution transforms from pure power-law to the power-law with an exponential tailing. And the scale-free index increases as the number of new added edges decreases and the tunable parameters increase. Finally, comparisons of some knowledge indices in knowledge networks generated by the local world mechanism and the global mechanism are given. In the long run, compared with the global mechanism, the local world mechanism leads the average knowledge levels to slower growth and brings homogenous phenomena.
文摘Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowledge, including research-based knowledge, do practicing architects make use of when designing accessible environments？ The answer to the question is crucially important since it affects how knowledge is distributed and how accessibility can be ensured. In order to get first-hand knowledge about the design process and the sources from which they gain knowledge, 11 qualitative interviews were conducted with architects with experience of designing for accessibility. The analysis draws on two theoretical distinctions. The first is research-based knowledge versus knowledge used by architects. The second is context-independent knowledge versus context-dependent knowledge. The practitioners found their primary support in context-dependent knowledge, whereas context-independent knowledge was criticized as being too prescriptive. Further, they tended to ask for assistance from the researcher in person rather than reading research publications. The findings challenge research in two ways--first, to produce context-dependent knowledge to structure the first step of the design process, second, to develop new ways to ensure a knowledge flow between research and practice.
文摘One of the significant effects of the knowledge economy is the introduction of new business models with resulting creation of intangible resources represented by intellectual assets. In spite of its clear contribution to a firm＇s sustainability of performance, recognition of these intellectual assets in the financial statements do not correspond with their significance as they have to rigid criteria set by conventional accounting standards. This study seeks to assess the level of intellectual capital （IC） resources reported in Malaysian companies in the traditional sectors of the economy and examine their reporting trends in the annual reports of these companies from years 2003 and 2008 Data was collected from companies listed in the main board of Malaysia Stock Exchange （or Bursa Malaysia） and content analysis was applied. Results show that the extent of IC reporting in the annual accounts of listed companies in traditional sectors is slightly above average.
基金a phased achievement of the key research project "Research on the Implementation of an IPR Strategy under the Guidance of the Scientific Outlook on Development" (No.:07&ZD006)supported by the National Social Sciences Fund
文摘Among the multifarious systems of civil law rights, intellectual property rights （IPR） score relatively high in terms of scientific and technological content and knowledge factors. It is generally accepted that copyright occurs in the realm of cultural creation, and is closely related to cultural innovation and the culture industry; patent rights arise in the field of technical applications, and are closely allied with technical innovation and the technology industry; and trademarks function in the area of business operations and involve a number of issues such as product sales and market trading. In the knowledge-based economy, the implementation of an IPR system can have a profound impact on a country＇s economic development, technological progress, and cultural and educational prosperity. And in the context of economic globalization, IPR protection also involves international politics and trade as well as cultural and technological exchanges and cooperation between countries.It is therefore both important and necessary for us to explore the attributes of IPR from the perspective of civil law, and to examine the functions of IPR from the multiple perspectives of human rights theories, economics, management and policy science. This helps us reveal the basic meaning of intellectual property rights from different disciplinary perspectives, and to maintain problem orientation and methodological openness in IPR research.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 10771161)
文摘The authors prove that the crossed product of an infinite dimensional simple separable unital C*-algebra with stable rank one by an action of a finite group with the tracial Rokhlin property has again stable rank one. It is also proved that the crossed product of an infinite dimensional simple separable unital C*-algebra with real rank zero by an action of a finite group with the tracial Rokhlin property has again real rank zero.
