电瓶维修分析日利用率对维修工作的影响

民用航空器的日利用率对维修计划的编制有较大影响,本文通过对空客电瓶的维修计划实例分析来说明日利用率对实际维修计划中的维修间隔以及维修内容的影响。同时也分享了维修计划中应对日利用率变化带来的打包方式的优化方向,对比维修工作包包控和维修项目单控两种方式的优缺点,帮助维修工程师能通过优化维修计划的方式更好提升维修工程的效益。

添喂四种酸化剂对肉仔鸡生产性能和日粮表观利用率影响的比较

比较研究了柠檬酸、乳酸、磷酸和双乙酸钠四种酸化剂对爱维茵商品代肉仔鸡生产性能和表观代谢率的影响。结果表明,日粮分别添加2%柠檬酸、乳酸、磷酸和双乙酸钠,6周龄肉仔鸡的体增重分别提高6.8%、5.6%、5.8%和-0.52%(p<0.05)(各组n=40),有机物利用率分别提高5.2%(p<0.05)、5.1%(p<0.05)、0.5%(p>0.05)和1.3%(p>0.05),粗蛋白质保留率分别提高4.4%、3.7%、3.8%和-1.1%,钙保留率分别提高-3.1%、2.6%、-3.1%和-2.7%;磷保留率分别提高10.7%、5.1%、10.7%和4.5%(p<0.05)。表明添喂柠檬酸、乳酸、磷酸均可促进肉仔鸡生长和养分利用,而双乙酸钠无明显作用。添喂柠檬酸、乳酸、磷酸均可明显提高肉仔鸡成活率,其中柠檬酸效果最好,比对照组提高12.4%,达到98.04%。

小麦日粮添加不同配伍酶制剂对肉仔鸡养分利用率、食糜黏度和血液激素的影响

选择14日龄肉仔鸡,研究小麦日粮中添加不同配伍酶制剂对肉仔鸡养分利用率、食糜黏度和血液激素等的影响,结果表明:(1)添加酶制剂可显著提高粗蛋白(P<0.01)、粗脂肪(P<0.01)、总磷(P<0.05)和总能(P<0.01)的利用率,不同配伍之间也出现差异,但没有显著提高钙的利用率(P>0.05),而小麦日粮中钙的利用率显著低于玉米日粮;(2)添加酶制剂可显著降低肉仔鸡小肠食糜黏度(P<0.01),不同配伍之间有出现差异的趋势,但不显著,肉仔鸡食糜黏度在49日龄时显著低于35日龄;(3)添加酶制剂可显著提高35日龄和49日龄肉仔鸡血液生长激素浓度,在35日龄时不同配伍间出现显著差异(P<0.05);(4)添加酶制剂在35日龄时显著提高血液胰岛素浓度(P<0.01),而只在49日龄时有提高腹脂率的趋势。结果显示酶制剂可提高肉仔鸡对小麦日粮养分利用率和血液生长激素,并可显著降低食糜黏度,适宜配伍酶制剂的效果更为显著。

提高家禽日粮利用率的方法

1制定合理的饲养标准在计算能量需求量时已由原来的体重和产蛋率2个因素变为现在的体重、产蛋率和环境3个因素，这样能够随环境温度的变化把握能量需求的变化。

核苷酸营养(三):核苷酸对提高肉雏鸡日粮利用率的作用

尽管肉鸡在出壳后第1周中的采食量仅占其一生（出壳至上市）总采食量的3．5％，但这一阶段的环境管理和正确的营养供应对确保肉鸡获得最佳生长性能非常重要。然而，由于新生雏鸡不能产生成熟的消化酶复合物，所以其消化能力达不到最佳状态队eson和Summers，2005）。

植酸酶对生长猪生产性能及养分利用率的影响

用一个饲养试验和一个消化代谢试验研究了植酸酶对生长猪生产性能和养分消化率的影响。饲养试验将９６头２０ｋｇ左右的长白×荣昌Ｆ１杂交猪９６头，随机分为８组，每组４个圈，每圈３头，分别喂给基础日粮，基础日粮＋０８％磷酸氢钙，基础日粮＋１０×１０－５、２０×１０－５、３０×１０－５、４０×１０－５植酸酶，基础日粮＋０８％磷酸氢钙＋２０×１０－５或４０×１０－５植酸酶等８种日粮。消化代谢试验选用体重２０ｋｇ左右的健康长白×荣昌Ｆ１杂交公猪１２头，随机分为３组，每组４头，单个饲喂于８０ｃｍ×１２０ｃｍ的铁制代谢笼中，分别喂给基础日粮、基础日粮＋０８％磷酸氢钙、基础日粮＋３０×１０－５植酸酶等三种日粮，采用全收粪尿法进行预试期和正试期各５ｄ的交叉代谢试验，基础日粮组成和养分含量与饲养试验完全相同。结果表明：在２０～６０ｋｇ生长猪无矿物质磷日粮中添加３０×１０－５植酸酶，日增重提高１４５％（Ｐ＜００５），饲料效率无明显影响；总磷和植酸磷的全消化道消化率分别提高３９３％（Ｐ＜００５）和３８４％（Ｐ＜００５），氮的沉积效率增加１４４％（Ｐ＜００５）；生长猪日粮添加植酸酶对干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、?

植酸酶对生长猪生产性能及养分利用率的影响

本试验采用饲养试验和消化代谢试验研究了植酸酶对生长猪生产性能和养分消化率的影响，饲养试验通过96头20kg左右的长白×荣昌F1杂交猪分别喂给8种不同成分的日粮，消化试验通过20kg左右长白×荣昌F1杂交公猪12头分别喂给3种不同成分的日粮。试验结果表明：在20—60kg生长猪无矿物质磷日粮中添加300mg／kg植酸酶，日增重提高14．5％（P＜0．05），饲料效率无明显影响，总磷和植酸磷的全消化道消化率分别提高39．3％（P＜0．05）和38．4％（P＜0.05），氮的沉积效率增加14．4％（P＜0．05），生长猪日粮添加植酸酶对干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、粗灰分、无氮浸出物、总能和钙的消化率无影响。

民用飞机成组维修方案优化模型研究

针对民用飞机维修任务多、费用高、维修间隔差别大的特点,基于成组维修策略,提出了民用飞机成组维修方案的优化模型。将民用飞机维修费用分为由于集中开展预防性维修而造成的停机损失费用和与部件本身相关的费用,包括由于落实预防性维修而产生的耗材、人工等费用,因采取非计划维修而产生的排除故障相关费用,由于发生故障而造成的损失费用。研究了成组维修方案对民用飞机平均维修费用率及日利用率的影响。以基本定检间隔和各部件维修任务间隔为优化变量、民用飞机日利用率和可靠度为约束、维修费用最小化为目标函数,建立了民用飞机成组维修方案的优化模型。以CRJ200空调系统为例,制定系统成组维修方案,得到民用飞机的基本定检间隔并调整各部件的维修任务间隔,达到全局最优,证实了该成组维修方案优化模型的有效性。

浅谈人机比的合理配置

通过提出反映航线结构的指标,利用飞机日利用率和机长年飞行时间,推导出计算人机比的公式,并对该公式的应用进行了详细阐述。

酶制剂对饲料配方工艺的潜在影响

酶制剂的应用对提高动物日粮利用率方面的作用已得到广泛认同。随着对饲用酶制剂作用机理认识的进一步深入,其对饲料配方工艺的潜在影响也逐渐显漏出来。本文从饲料配方的过程来分析酶制剂对传统饲料配方流程的影响,并指出未来饲料配方加酶工艺的发展方向。

Phosphorus Use Efficiency of Safflower （Carthamus tinctorius L.） and Sunflower （Helianthus annuus L.） Studied in Nutrient Solution

Safflower represents an important oil crop internationally and may have a production potential under low input conditions, but its putatively high phosphorous use efficiency is not sustained. This study aims to directly compare safflower with sunflower in terms of phosphorus use efficiency in nutrient solution under controlled conditions. Growth of both species responded strongly to increasing P supply. Safflower recovers less proportion of added P than sunflower. External P requirement （（g P supply （100 g dry matter （DM） produced）~） was higher in safflower than sunflower. The efficiency of the crops for DM production based on accumulated P （mg P potl, efficiency ratio）, and P concentration in DM （（mg P （g DM）＇I）, utilization index） were interpreted using Michaelis-Menten kinetics as growth response curves. Accordingly, Km constant was lower in sunflower compared to safflower in terms of utilization index, but both were similar in terms of efficiency ratio. High Km constant in safflower in terms of utilization index indicates the high P concentration in tissues to produce 50% of potential maximum DM, consequently less efficient crop. Utilization efficiency contributed more than uptake efficiency in overall PUE in the efficient cultivar and could be the cause of its superiority in PUE. It can be concluded that safflower has a high requirement for P with respect to growth, sunflower is more efficient in terms of uptake and utilization of P at optimal and sub-optimal P supplies indicating that safflower can not be considered a low nutrient input crop compared to sunflower with respect to phosphorus.

Impact of Mechanization on Lowland Rice Production in Nigeria

The study examined the impact of using power tiller as a means of mechanizing lowland rice production in Nigeria. The study was carried out in Bida area, Niger State, where the sawah rice production was disseminated by Watershed Initiative in Nigeria （WIN）. And in Ajase Ipo of Kwara State, some of the parameters assessed during the study included average speed of operation, average wheel slip/travel reduction, average draught of implement, and fuel consumption. The cost of operation and yield over five years of usage at Niger State and two years in Kwara State was determined and it was therefore concluded that the power tiller is the most appropriate field machinery for tillage operations such as puddling, leveling on lowland rice production in Nigeria.

Assessment of Resource-Use Efficiency in Irrigated Rice Production in Dadinkowa, Gombe State, Nigeria

The study examined the levels of resource-use efficiency of rice farmers unde,r irrigation method in Dadinkowa, Gombe state of Nigeria. Using questionnaire, data were collected during the year 2010 irrigation season from 120 randomly sampled rice irrigators and the data were analyzed using multiple regression and marginal analyses. Results showed that significant factors influencing irrigated rice production were labour （P 〈 0.001）, land and fertilizer （P 〈 0.01）. In addition, the coefficient of determination （R2）, the F-ratio and the standard error of the mean （S） were found to be 0.471, 16.37＊＊＊ and 8.908, respectively. The results also indicated that efficiency values of land, seeds, fertilizer and labour were 1.234, 0.498, 2.352 and 1.620, respectively. Finally, it was found that resource-use among the farmers were not efficient thus equipment, land, fertilizer and labour inputs shall be increased by 78.3%, 18.9%, 57.5% and 38.3%, respectively, while seed input shall be reduced by 50.2% for the farmers to attain optimal resource utilization.

Technology issues and prevention strategies on sunlight greenhouse vegetable

Energy-saving solar greenhouse vegetables cultivating is to create and improve microclimate environment with greenhouse in those seasons impossible for open cultivation production and in order to achieve the purpose of harvest in advance or in delay. Since a greenhouse needs huge construction expenses and high production costs, only though the improvement of facility utilization can we obtain better economic benefits. Vegetable germination and seedling stage need a long time for ground, so they need smaller standing area. So we concentrated in a small area of cultivation can not only create a suitable environment easily, nurture strong age seedling, but also can avoid greenhouse waste. Make transplanting to greenhouse after Seedlings breeding can effectively reduce the fertility cycle and substantially increase greenhouse utilization.

Impacts of Salinity and Nitrogen on the Photosynthetic Rate and Growth of Sunflowers(Helianthus annuus L.)

Understanding the interactions between salinity and fertilizers is of significant importance for enhancing crop yield and fertilizeruse efficiency. In this study a complete block design experiment was performed in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia,China, to evaluate the effects of interactions between soil salinity and nitrogen(N) application rate on sunflower photosynthesis and growth and to determine the optimum N application rate for sunflower growth in the district. Four levels of soil salinity expressed as electrical conductivity(0.33–0.60, 0.60–1.22, 1.2–2.44, and 2.44–3.95 dS m-1) and three application rates of N fertilization(90, 135,and 180 kg ha-1) were applied to 36 micro-plots. Soil salinity inhibited the photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, plant height, leaf area, and aboveground dry matter of sunflowers. The intercellular CO2 concentration first decreased and then increased with increasing soil salinity in the seedling stage, and the instantaneous leaf water-use efficiency fluctuated with soil salinity. The stomatal and non-stomatal limitations of sunflowers alternated in the seedling stage; however, in the bud, blooming,and mature stages, the stomatal limitation was prevalent when the salinity level was lower than 2.44 dS m-1, whereas the nonstomatal limitation was predominant above the salinity level. The application of N fertilizer alleviated the adverse effects of salinity on sunflower photosynthesis and growth to some extent. During some key growth periods, such as the seedling and bud stages, a moderate N application rate(135 kg ha-1) resulted in the maximum photosynthetic rate and yielded the maximum dry matter. We suggest a moderate N application rate(135 kg ha-1) for the Hetao Irrigation District and other sunflower-growing areas with similar ecological conditions.