胚胎早裂联合胚胎发育速度及形态评分在胚胎选择中的应用

目的探讨胚胎早裂联合胚胎发育速度及形态评分对于体外授精/卵母细胞单精子显微注射(IVF/ICSI)周期中胚胎选择的意义。方法IVF/ICSI 610周期,随机分为A、B两组。A组(269周期)单以授精后72 h(D3)胚胎发育速度及形态评分选择胚胎;B组(341周期)在此基础上联合胚胎早裂情况进行胚胎选择。比较两组的临床妊娠率和单胚着床率;比较B组移植胚胎中有早裂胚胎和无早裂胚胎者的妊娠结局。结果B组临床妊娠率和单胚着床率均高于A组(P<0.05);B组移植胚胎中有早裂胚胎者的临床妊娠率和单胚着床率均高于无早裂胚胎者(P<0.01)。结论与单纯的胚胎发育速度及形态评分比较,胚胎早裂联合胚胎发育速度及形态评分进行胚胎评价可显著改善IVF/ICSI的临床结局。

原核期早裂胚利用价值的探讨

目的探讨在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)周期中原核期早裂胚胎继续培养成囊胚的利用价值。方法回顾性调查2016年1月至2017年12月在华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院生殖医学中心接受IVF-ET治疗的15329个新鲜周期中出现的390枚原核期早裂胚胎,将其中136枚D3胚胎继续培养,分析其发育潜能和囊胚利用率。结果继续培养的136枚D3胚胎中形成囊胚57枚(囊胚形成率41.9%),可利用囊胚26枚,其中24枚均来源于D3≥8细胞的胚胎。结论在IVF-ET治疗周期中,对于2个原核(2PN)胚胎来源极少或无2PN胚胎来源的周期,原核期早裂胚通过继续培养筛选出来的优质囊胚也可以作为备选移植胚胎。

一次法和分次法根管治疗早期隐裂牙的临床观察

选取收治的90例因牙周病引起牙髓病变、伴根尖病变的隐裂牙患者作为研究对象,随机分为观察组与对照组,各45例。观察组采用一次法根管治疗,对照组组采用分次法根管治疗,治疗1年后对两组患者的临床效果进行分析对比。观察组中显效35例、占77.78%,有效9例、占20.0%,无效1例、占2.22%,总有效率为97.78%;对照组中显效25例、占55.56%,有效10例、占22.22%,无效10例、占22.22%,总有效率为77.78%。两组比较具有明显差异(P<0.05)。一次法根管治疗的临床疗效要优于分次法根管治疗,值得在临床上推广应用。

自密实清水混凝土的早龄期抗裂性能研究

自密实清水混凝土结合了自密实混凝土和清水混凝土的优点,具有广阔的应用前景。但由于直接暴露于环境中,开裂不仅影响美观,更直接引起耐久性问题。采用平板诱导开裂试验,以粉煤灰掺量及纤维掺量为主要参数,通过试验研究自密实清水混凝土开裂性能。结果表明,粉煤灰掺量在15%~30%范围内,随粉煤灰掺量增加,自密实清水混凝土的抗裂性能提高;玄武岩纤维在1.0~1.6kg/m^3掺量内对混凝土的开裂时间影响较小,但随纤维掺量的增加,自密实清水混凝土的抗裂性能显著提高。玄武岩纤维掺量为1.6kg/m^3时,其开裂面积仅为未掺的40.7%。

Teffichthys wui sp. nov., a new perleidid fish from the Early Triassic of Jiangsu and Anhui, China

Perleididae is a group of stem neopterygian fishes known only from the Triassic.Here,we report the discovery of a new perleidid,Teffichthys wui sp.nov.,based on six well-preserved specimens from the late Smithian(Olenekian,Early Triassic)marine deposits of Jurong,Jiangsu and Chaohu,Anhui,China.This new discovery documents the third and youngest species of Teffichthys,which is slightly younger than the Dienerian(Induan)T.elegans from Guizhou and the early Smithian T.madagascariensis from Madagascar.The new species shows diagnostic features of Teffichthys(presence of a spiracular,38-41 lateral line scales,and no more than three epaxial rays in the caudal fin)but differs from T.madagascariensis and T.elegans in some autapomorphies(e.g.,a horizontal opercle/subopercle contact and smooth scales with a nearly straight posterior margin).The diagnostic features for the genus Teffichthys and the family Perleididae are emended based on detailed comparisons of the new taxon with other perleidids.The phylogenetic relationships of perleidids with other stem neopterygians are discussed using a cladistic approach,and the results provide new insights into the phylogeny and classification of main stem neopterygian clades.

Fatigue crack initiation and early propagation behavior of 2A97 Al-Li alloy

The fatigue crack initiation and early propagation behavior of 2A97 Al-Li alloy was studied. The smooth specimens were fatigued at room temperature under constant maximum stress control when stress ratio （R） is 0.1 and frequency （f） is 40 Hz. Microstructure observations were examined by optical microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and electron back scattered diffusion, in order to investigate the relationship between microstructure and fatigue crack initiation and early propagation behavior of 2A97 alloy. The results show that the fatigue cracks are predominantly initiated at inclusions and coarsen secondary phases on the surface of 2A97 alloy. The fatigue crack early propagation behavior of 2A97 alloy is predominantly influenced by the interactions between grain structure and dislocations or persistent slip bands （PSBs）. When the misorientation of two neighbouring grains is close to the orientations of the favorable slip plane within these two grains, high-angle grain boundary severely hinders the PSBs passing through, and thus leads to crack bifurcation and deflection.

FC纤维对机场水泥混凝土道面性能的影响及应用

为了研究FC纤维(超高强改性聚酯纤维)对机场水泥混凝土道面抗弯拉性能、抗早期开裂性能和抗冲击性能的影响,对FC纤维混凝土和素混凝土在相同条件下进行养护和试验,结果表明:FC纤维对混凝土的抗弯拉强度没有显著影响或影响很小;FC纤维能显著减少混凝土抗早期开裂,裂缝降低系数在97%以上;FC纤维能显著提高混凝土的抗冲击性能,FC纤维混凝土和素混凝土的初裂抗冲击次数比为1.95,完全开裂冲击次数比为2.2。

早强阻裂剂在水泥稳定碎石基层的应用

水泥稳定碎石基层施工需要较长的延迟碾压成型时间,快通需要较高的早期强度,是迫切需要解决的难题。通过工作性与强度、耐久性试验结果确定了早强阻裂剂的主要成分和比例,同时优选了分散载体,能够在较低掺量下实现水泥稳定材料的促凝、微膨胀等功能。在此基础上提出了早强阻裂基层混合料设计方法和施工控制要点。通过试验路确定了早强阻裂剂的最佳掺量为水泥用量的2%。试验路强度、压实度、弯沉均满足规范要求。对应用早强阻裂基层进行了社会经济效益分析,每公里增加建设成本约1万元,但能显著提高基层的耐久性。

自密实钢纤维轻骨料混凝土收缩性能的研究综述

自密实钢纤维轻骨料混凝土是在自密实轻骨料混凝土中掺入一定量钢纤维形成的高性能混凝土。本文总结了轻骨料混凝土、自密实轻骨料混凝土和自密实纤维混凝土收缩研究现状,归纳了收缩性能主要研究方法和相应预测模型。分析表明目前自密实钢纤维轻骨料混凝土研究主要集中于配合比设计和工作性能,对收缩性能(包括早龄期抗裂、自收缩和干缩)研究尚需进一步深入开展工作。

Is a split-dose regimen of 2 L polyethylene glycol plus ascorbic acid tolerable for colonoscopy in an early morning visit to a comprehensive medical check-up?

To evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of a split-dose 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG)/ascorbic acid (AA) regimen for healthy examinees who visited for comprehensive medical check-up in the early morning.METHODSFrom February 2015 to March 2015, examinees of average risk who were scheduled for a colonoscopy in the morning were retrospectively enrolled.RESULTSThe 189 examinees were divided into split-dose and non-split-dose groups. The adequacy of bowel preparation for the split-dose group vs the non-split-dose group was 96.8% vs 85.2%, respectively, P < 0.001, and the compliance of the last meal restriction was 74.6% vs 58.2%, respectively, P < 0.001. The sleep disturbance (P < 0.001) was more prevalent in the split-dose group, however the willingness to repeat the same preparation method (P = 0.243) was not different in both groups. The split-dose regimen was the most important factor influencing adequate bowel preparation in multivariate analysis (HR = 10.89, 95%CI: 6.53-18.17, P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONA split-dose regimen of 2 L PEG/AA for an early morning colonoscopy was more effective and showed better compliance for diet restriction without any difference in satisfaction and discomfort. Introducing a split-dose regimen of 2 L PEG/AA to morning colonoscopy examinees is effective and tolerable in a comprehensive medical check-up setting.

Transcriptome profiles of embryos before and after cleavage in Eriocheir sinensis:identification of developmental genes at the earliest stages

In crab, embryogenesis is a complicated developmental program marked by a series of critical events. RNA-Sequencing technology offers developmental biologists a way to identify many more developmental genes than ever before. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomes of Eriocheir sinensis oosperms （Os） and embryos at the 2-4, cell stage （Cs）, which are separated by a cleavage event. Atotal of 18 923 unigenes were identified, and 403 genes matched with gene ontology （GO） terms related to developmental processes. In total, 432 differentially expressed genes （DEGs） were detected between the two stages. Nine DEGs were specifically expressed at only one stage. These DEGs may be relevant to stage-specific molecular events during development. A number of DEGs related to ＇hedgehog signaling pathway＇, ＇Wnt signaling pathway＇ ＇germplasm＇, ＇nervous system＇, ＇sensory perception＇ and ＇segment polarity＇ were identified as being up-regulated at the Cs stage. The results suggest that these embryonic developmental events begin before the early cleavage event in crabs, and that many of the genes expressed in the two transeriptomes might be maternal genes. Our study provides ample information for further research on the molecular mechanisms underlying crab development.

Influence of fly ash on early-age cracking behavior of high-flowing concrete

The effects of quality and content of fly ash on the early-age cracking behavior of high-flowing concrete （HFC） were investigated. The early-age cracking behavior of the HFC was analyzed by combining the tests of evaporation capacity and electrical resistivity of the HFC. In these tests, a modified flat-type specimen was adopted. The results show that the HFC will have a lower evaporation capacity when it is mixed with fine fly ash, while it will have a higher evaporation capacity when grade II! fly ash is used as mineral admixture. And the electrical resistivity rate of HFC reduces with the increase of the content of fly ash. A nonlinear relationship exists between the cracking time of HFC and the minimum electrical resistivity. The early-age cracking behavior of HFC with fly ash can be enhanced by appropriately increasing the fine particle content and MgO, K2O, and SO3 contents of fly ash. The optimal content of fly ash, which makes a satisfied early-age cracking behavior of HFC, is obtained. And when the content of fly ash exceeds a critical value, the early-age cracking behavior of HFC will rapidly decrease.

Where do Random Rough Surfaces Fail？ Part I： Fracture Loci Safety Envelopes at Early Stages of Degradation

Damage on surfaces often compromises the efficiency of some types of energy production, the safety and reliability of components, and ultimately increases costs. The environment can degrade the structural integrity of surfaces in service by the accumulation of large numbers of small destructive events, which based on the Central Limit Theorem leads to a Gaussian distribution of pit depth. In order to develop safety envelopes relating fracture loci with topological parameters of a brittle material, scatter plots were obtained and analyzed. Starting with an engineering surface, after 6 to 9 micrometers of average degradation depth, safety envelopes could be developed using average roughness and two other proposed parameters. Interestingly, maximum pit depth showed very low correlation with the location of fracture, at the early stage of degradation studied. This is attributed to relaxation of stress concentration at a given pit location due to the assuaging effect caused by neighboring pits. Additionally, energy at fracture was obtained, and a maximum relaxation region was observed. Analytical and experimental study of this region, as well as ductility effects are currently under research.

Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture with combined thoracoabdominal injuries： Difference between penetrating and blunt injuries

Purpose： Traumatic diaphragmatic rupture （TDR） needs early diagnosis and operation. However, the early diagnosis is usually difficult, especially in the patients without diaphragmatic hernia. The objective of this study was to explore the early diagnosis and treatment of TDR. Methods： Data of 256 patients with TDR treated in our department between 1994 and 2013 were analyzed retrospectively regarding to the diagnostic methods, percentage of preoperative judgment, incidence of diaphragmatic hernia, surgical procedures and outcome, etc. Two groups were set up ac- cording to the mechanism of injury （blunt or penetrating）. Results： Of 256 patients with a mean age of 32.4 years （9-84）, 218 were male. The average ISS was 26.9 （13-66）; and shock rate was 62.9%. There were 104 blunt injuries and 152 penetrating injuries. Preoperatively diagnostic rate was 90.4% in blunt injuries and 80.3% in penetrating, respectively, P 〈 0.05. The incidence of diaphragmatic hernia was 94.2Z in blunt and 15.1% in penetrating respectively, P 〈 0.005. Thoracotomy was performed in 62 cases, laparotomy in 153, thoracotomy plus laparotomy in 29, and combined thoraco-laparotomy in 12. Overall mortality rate was 12.5% with the average ISS of 41.8; and it was 21.2% in blunt injuries and 6.6% in penetrating, respectively, P 〈 0.005. The main causes of death were hemorrhage and sepsis. Conclusions： Diagnosis of blunt TDR can be easily obtained by radiograph or helical CT scan signs of diaphragmatic hernia. For penetrating TDR without hernia, ＂offside sign＂ is helpful as initial assessment. CT scan with coronal/sagittal reconstruction is an accurate technique for diagnosis. All TDR require operation. Penetrating injury has a relatively better prognosis.

Multi-slice computed tomography for diagnosis of combined thoracoabdominal injury

Purpose： To investigate the diagnostic value of multi-slice computed tomography （MSCT） for combined thoracoabdominal injury. Methods： A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical data and MSCT images of 68 patients who sustained a combined thoracoabdominal injury associated with diaphragm rupture, and 18 patients without diaphragm rupture. All the patients were admitted and treated in the Chongqing Emergency Medical Center （a level I trauma center） between July 2005 and February 2014. There were 71 males and 15 females with a mean age of 39.1 years （range 13-88 years）. Among the 86 patients, 40 patients suffered a penetrating injury, 46 suffered a blunt injury as a result of road traffic accident in 21 cases, fall from a height in 16, and crushing injury in 9. The MSCT images were retrospectively reviewed by two radiologists. The results of CT diagnosis were compared with surgical findings and/or follow-up results. Results： Among the 86 cases, diaphragm discontinuity was found in 29 cases, segmental nonrecognition of the diaphragm in 14, diaphragmatic hernia in 21, collar sign in 14, dependent viscera sign in 18, elevated abdominal organs in 21, bowel wall thickening and/or hematoma in 6, and pneumoperitoneum in 8. CT diagnostic accuracy for diaphragm rupture was 88.4% in the right side and 90.7% in the left side. CT diagnostic accuracy for hemopneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, mediastinal hemorrhage, kidney and adrenal gland injuries was 100%, while for liver, spleen and pancreas injuries was 96.5%, 96.5g, 94.2% respectively. Conclusion： To reach an early diagnosis of combined thoracoabdominal injury, surgeons and radiologists should be familiar with all kinds of images which might show signs of diaphragm rupture, such as diaphragm discontinuity, segmental nonrecognition of the diaphragm, dangling diaphragm sign, diaphragm herniation, collar sign, dependent viscera sign, and elevated abdominal organs.

Differentially expressed proteins on postoperative 3 days healing in rabbit Achilles tendon rupture model after early kinesitherapy

Objectives： Surgical repair of Achilles tendon （AT） rupture should immediately be followed by active tendon mobilization. The optimal time as to when the mobilization should begin is important yet controversial. Early kinesitherapy leads to reduced rehabilitation period. However, an insight into the detailed mechanism of this process has not been gained. Proteomic technique can be used to separate and purify the proteins by differential expression profile which is related to the function of different proteins, but research in the area of proteomic analysis of AT 3 days after repair has not been studied so far. Methods： Forty-seven New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into 3 groups. Group A （immobilization group, n=l 6） received postoperative cast immobilization; Group B （early motion group, n= 16） received early active motion treatments immediately following the repair of AT rupture from tenotomy. Another 15 rabbits served as control group （Group C）. The AT samples were prepared 3 days following the microsurgery. The proteins were separated employing two- dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （2D-PAGE）. PDQuest software version 8.0 was used to identify differentially expressed proteins, followed by peptide mass fingerprint （PMF） and tandem mass spectrum analysis, using the National Center for Biotechnology Information （NCBI） protein database retrieval and then for bioinformatics analysis. Results： Amean of 446.33,436.33 and 462.67 protein spots on Achilles tendon samples of 13 rabbits in Group A, 14 rabbits in Group B and 13 rabbits in Group C were suc- cessfully detected in the 2D-PAGE. There were 40, 36 and 79 unique proteins in Groups A, B and C respectively. Some differentially expressed proteins were enzyme with the gel, matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF MS）. We successfully identified 9 and 11 different proteins in Groups A and B, such as GAPDH, phosphoglycerate kinase 1, pro-alpha-1 type 1 collagen, peroxiredoxin 1, alpha-l-antiproteinase E a-1 and MAD2L1 binding protein, etc. And some with the molecular chaperone, oxidative stress, energy metabolism, signal transduetion, coupled with the tendon cell expression and protein synthesis, proliferate, differentiate and are closely related to the AT healing. The GAPDH protein was further validated through Western blotting. It was indicated that some differentially expressed proteins were involved in various metabolism pathways and may play an important role in initial healing of AT rupture. Conclusion： Differentially expressed proteins in rabbit healing AT model may contribute to 3 days healing of AT rupture through a new mechanobiological mechanism due to the application of postoperative early kinesitherapy.

Observed splitting eastbound propagation of subsurface warm water over the equatorial Pacific in early 2014

El Nino, as characterized by above average sea surface temperatures in the equatorial tropical Pacific, is the largest source of natural climate variability from sea- sonal to interannual scales and can profoundly reshape the global weather patterns. Currently, the tropical Pacific Ocean appears to be primed for a potentially significant El Nino event, and some similarities exist between the oce- anic and atmospheric states in early 2014 compared to the observations shortly before the onset of the 1997/1998 Super El Nino event. For example, as one of the most important early signs of El Nino, a splitting eastbound propagation of the subsurface warm water is evident over the equatorial Pacific since January 2014. In this study, the pulses of subsurface warm water are reflected by the Kel- vin waves over the equatorial Pacific estimated from the satellite altimetry data. Results show that the current （i.e., March 2014） Kelvin wave over the equatorial Pacific has achieved the largest amplitude compared to those in the corresponding period prior to the E1 Nifio events since the availability of satellite altimetry, and is even significantly larger than the one that preceded the 1997/1998 Super El Nifio event. As the Kelvin waves can help induce El Nino conditions within about 2--4 months, the current fastest/ strongest eastbound propagation of subsurface warm water indicates that the likelihood of an El Nino event will sig- nificantly increase during the next several months in 2014.

AURKB and MAPK involvement in the regulation of the early stages of mouse zygote development

Aurora kinases have become a hot topic for research as they have been found to play an important role in various stages of mitotic cell division and to participate in malignant conversions of tumors. The participation of Aurora kinases in the regulation of oocyte meiosis has been recently reported, but their participation in mammalian early embryonic development remained unclear. The object of our study was to establish the spatio-temporal expression pattern of Aurora kinase B (AURKB) in mouse zygotes during the first cleavage, to reveal its functions in the early development of mouse zygotes, and to define the involvement of AURKB in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Our results showed that in mouse zygotes AURKB expression increased in G1 phase and peaked in M phase. AURKB protein distribution was found to be in association with nuclei and distributed throughout the cytoplasm in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Functional disruption of AURKB resulted in abnormal division phenotypes or mitotic impairments. U0126, a specific mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor, caused significantly altered morphologies of early embryos together with a decrease in protein expression and kinase activity of AURKB. Our results indicated that the activity of AURKB was required for regulating multiple stages of mitotic progression in the early development of mouse zygotes and was correlated with the activation of the MAPK pathway.