旱区6种灌木抗旱性评价及鉴定指标的筛选

选用西北地区6种常见的绿化灌木葱皮忍冬、鞑靼忍冬、台尔曼忍冬、金花忍冬、水栒子和水蜡的2年生扦插苗,在人工控水条件下,采用盆栽试验,设置4个不同水分梯度T1、T2、T3和T4进行干旱胁迫处理,测定6种灌木受干旱胁迫下的生长指标、光合生理指标和代谢生理指标,利用相关性分析、主成分分析、隶属函数值、聚类分析和灰色关联度等5种评价方法,对各指标进行了干旱胁迫下的抗性评价和抗旱指标筛选。结果表明:1)以各指标耐旱系数为评价标准,各品种的耐旱性不尽相同,但各单项指标间均存在一定相关性;2)主成分分析和隶属函数分析结果表明,9个鉴定指标可分为4类,累计贡献率大于93%,并且金花忍冬的抗旱性最强,D值为0.721,葱皮忍冬的抗旱性最弱,D值为0.041,抗旱性由大到小排序为:金花忍冬、鞑靼忍冬、水栒子、水蜡、台尔曼忍冬、葱皮忍冬,通过D值进行聚类分析表明,鞑靼忍冬和金花忍冬为一类,抗旱性最强,葱皮忍冬为一类,其抗旱性最弱;3)采用灰色关联度分析结果表明,单叶叶面积与灌木的抗旱性关联度最大大于0.65,关联度最小的是株高,关联度小于0.60,这2项指标与抗旱性均为负相关。

Influential Factors of Water Productivity of Maize in Oasis of Arid Areas——A Case Study of Linze County

[Objective] The aim was to research influential factors of water productivity of maize in oasis in arid areas. [Method] In middle reach of Heihe River in Linze County of Zhangye City, maize, a major crop in irrigated area in the oasis, was studied and nine influential factors were chosen through grey relation analysis. [Result] According to grey relation analysis, top five factors influencing water produc- tivity of maize during 1995-2009 were as follows： applied quantity of chemical fertil- izers〉labour input〉seeds〉mulch amount〉pesticide amount, which indicated that controllable factors, instead of uncontrollable ones, dominate in influence of water productivity of maize in oasis in arid areas. [Conclusion] With water resource limited, investment of controllable factors in high-efficient agricultural production should be the major strategy to improve water productivity of maize in oasis of arid areas.