[Objective] The aim was to study on temporal-spatial distribution model of cold chain logistics for vegetables. [Method] Broccoli was taken as an example. Detailedly, time-space distribution model of cold chain logist...[Objective] The aim was to study on temporal-spatial distribution model of cold chain logistics for vegetables. [Method] Broccoli was taken as an example. Detailedly, time-space distribution model of cold chain logistics for broccoli was proposed from standpoints of costs and benefits based on changes of time and space, and a comprehensive evaluation was made on timeliness, efficiency, risks, added- value of products and satisfaction of information in cold-chain logistics. [Result] The efficiency of cold chain logistics for vegetable can be greatly improved by temporal- spatial distribution model of cold chain logistics. [Conclusion] Costs and benefits of vegetables in temporal-apstial distribution could be evaluated by the model.展开更多
Shades of different light intensities (29%, 43%, 54%,60% or 68%) along with control (no shade) were studied to observe their effects on the flowering time and plant quality. A hyperbolic relationship was observed betw...Shades of different light intensities (29%, 43%, 54%,60% or 68%) along with control (no shade) were studied to observe their effects on the flowering time and plant quality. A hyperbolic relationship was observed between different light intensities under shade,and time to flowering.The total number of flower buds showed a curvilinear relationship with light intensities. Growth parameters related to the plant characteristics such as plant height,leaf area and plant fresh weight were improved under shading treatments at the expense of flowering time and number of flower buds.However,both linear and polynomial models applied assumed that cultivar Chimes White was equally sensitive to light intensity throughout development.展开更多
Chunyou 59 is a japonica-indica hybrid rice combination developed from Chunjiang 16A(a late japonica CMS line with dwarfness and early anthesis time)and CH59(an indicaclinous wide compatibility restorer line).It has t...Chunyou 59 is a japonica-indica hybrid rice combination developed from Chunjiang 16A(a late japonica CMS line with dwarfness and early anthesis time)and CH59(an indicaclinous wide compatibility restorer line).It has the characteristics of strong heterosis,strong stem,good lodging resistance,large panicles,good cold tolerance,high yield and wide adaptability.It was registered and released by Jiangxi Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in March 2009.The breeding procedure,characteristics,major techniques of cultivation and seed production of Chunyou 59 were introduced in the paper.展开更多
Rice is extremely sensitive to high temperature, especially at the fowering stage. Identifying new germplasm and breeding heat-resistant rice varieties are therefore essential. After multi-year evaluations, a heat-res...Rice is extremely sensitive to high temperature, especially at the fowering stage. Identifying new germplasm and breeding heat-resistant rice varieties are therefore essential. After multi-year evaluations, a heat-resistant rice landrace D43 was identifed in our previous research. In this study, the relationship between heat resistance and flower opening time （FOT） was analyzed both in the field and in phytotron. The results showed that high temperature could accelerate fower opening of a range of rice varieties. The D43 showed early morning fowering （EMF） habit in different conditions, and the FOT of which was mainly concentrated in the period of 8：30~10：00 AM under high temperature. The spikelet fertility of D43 was relatively low after exposure to invariably high temperature during fower opening. However, the EMF habit of D43 was conducive to avoiding mid-day high temperature, and therefore increased the spikelet fertility under rising high temperature conditions in the feld and in phytotron. In addition, morphological traits including the anther dehiscence rate, the total number and germinated number of pollens on the stigma were signifcantly correlated with the spikelet fertility, and therefore they could be used to evaluate rice heat resistance at anthesis.展开更多
The quantitative trait loci （QTLs） analysis for flower traits were performed based on three crossing of Coffea canephora in Indonesia. This study successfully identified 19 QTLs related to flowering. These QTLs cons...The quantitative trait loci （QTLs） analysis for flower traits were performed based on three crossing of Coffea canephora in Indonesia. This study successfully identified 19 QTLs related to flowering. These QTLs consisted of 1） three QTLs associated with green candle flowering time located at linkage groups of A and D; 2） one QTL associated to white candle flowering time located at linkage groups of B; 3） two QTLs associated to blossom flowering time located at linkage groups of B; 4） two QTLs associated to number of flowers located at linkage groups of G and H; 5） five QTLs associated to score of flowers quality located at linkage groups of A, C and D; 6） five QTLs associated to number of star flowers located at linkage groups of D, E, F and G. Due to some QTLs are overlapping on the same linkage group, thus, these 19 QTLs for flower traits might be considered as 15 different ones which distributed on 14 regions of the eight linkage groups. Although pleiotropic genes might be the most likely explanation for the collocation of these QTLs, the present data are not sufficient to distinguish between a pleiotropic gene and a cluster of different loci controlling several traits. These results can be a first step for molecular breeding on Robusta coffee mainly in order to improve potential suitable characteristics such as number of flowers and number of normal flowers as well as to reduce adverse characteristics such as number of star flowers.展开更多
One quarter scale experiment device of a typical L-shape architecture structure including a burning room and an adjacent hallway is established to carry out the research.The smoke characteristics at the sampling point...One quarter scale experiment device of a typical L-shape architecture structure including a burning room and an adjacent hallway is established to carry out the research.The smoke characteristics at the sampling points below the ceiling of the burning compartment and the roof of the hallway are studied systematically to find out the effects of different ceilings on the local fire origin compartment and the smoke transportation to a remote area.A series of tests is reported and the smoke residence time,the concentration peak and the concentration build up rate are investigated as functions of the type of the ceiling.The smoke residence time,the most important factor concerning smoke toxicity,is described by a novel concept,wavelength,in this study.Furthermore,it is worth emphasizing that the PVC ceiling exhibits a phenomenon of frequent collapse during the fire developing period.The single heat action is conducted to judge the smoke and the heat effect on the fire risk.展开更多
基金Supported by Tianjin Science and Technology Development Project (060YFGNC1900)National Key Technology R&D Program in the 11th Five-year Plan of China(2012BAD38B01)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study on temporal-spatial distribution model of cold chain logistics for vegetables. [Method] Broccoli was taken as an example. Detailedly, time-space distribution model of cold chain logistics for broccoli was proposed from standpoints of costs and benefits based on changes of time and space, and a comprehensive evaluation was made on timeliness, efficiency, risks, added- value of products and satisfaction of information in cold-chain logistics. [Result] The efficiency of cold chain logistics for vegetable can be greatly improved by temporal- spatial distribution model of cold chain logistics. [Conclusion] Costs and benefits of vegetables in temporal-apstial distribution could be evaluated by the model.
文摘Shades of different light intensities (29%, 43%, 54%,60% or 68%) along with control (no shade) were studied to observe their effects on the flowering time and plant quality. A hyperbolic relationship was observed between different light intensities under shade,and time to flowering.The total number of flower buds showed a curvilinear relationship with light intensities. Growth parameters related to the plant characteristics such as plant height,leaf area and plant fresh weight were improved under shading treatments at the expense of flowering time and number of flower buds.However,both linear and polynomial models applied assumed that cultivar Chimes White was equally sensitive to light intensity throughout development.
基金Supported by Key Projects of Zhejiang Province(2008C22074)0406 Project in Zhejiang Province+2 种基金Ministry of Agriculture"China's Super Rice Breeding and Experimental Demonstration"Project(2009RG001-5)Operating Expenses of Basic Research of China National Rice Research InstituteAgricultural Science and Technology Across Project
文摘Chunyou 59 is a japonica-indica hybrid rice combination developed from Chunjiang 16A(a late japonica CMS line with dwarfness and early anthesis time)and CH59(an indicaclinous wide compatibility restorer line).It has the characteristics of strong heterosis,strong stem,good lodging resistance,large panicles,good cold tolerance,high yield and wide adaptability.It was registered and released by Jiangxi Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in March 2009.The breeding procedure,characteristics,major techniques of cultivation and seed production of Chunyou 59 were introduced in the paper.
文摘Rice is extremely sensitive to high temperature, especially at the fowering stage. Identifying new germplasm and breeding heat-resistant rice varieties are therefore essential. After multi-year evaluations, a heat-resistant rice landrace D43 was identifed in our previous research. In this study, the relationship between heat resistance and flower opening time （FOT） was analyzed both in the field and in phytotron. The results showed that high temperature could accelerate fower opening of a range of rice varieties. The D43 showed early morning fowering （EMF） habit in different conditions, and the FOT of which was mainly concentrated in the period of 8：30~10：00 AM under high temperature. The spikelet fertility of D43 was relatively low after exposure to invariably high temperature during fower opening. However, the EMF habit of D43 was conducive to avoiding mid-day high temperature, and therefore increased the spikelet fertility under rising high temperature conditions in the feld and in phytotron. In addition, morphological traits including the anther dehiscence rate, the total number and germinated number of pollens on the stigma were signifcantly correlated with the spikelet fertility, and therefore they could be used to evaluate rice heat resistance at anthesis.
文摘The quantitative trait loci （QTLs） analysis for flower traits were performed based on three crossing of Coffea canephora in Indonesia. This study successfully identified 19 QTLs related to flowering. These QTLs consisted of 1） three QTLs associated with green candle flowering time located at linkage groups of A and D; 2） one QTL associated to white candle flowering time located at linkage groups of B; 3） two QTLs associated to blossom flowering time located at linkage groups of B; 4） two QTLs associated to number of flowers located at linkage groups of G and H; 5） five QTLs associated to score of flowers quality located at linkage groups of A, C and D; 6） five QTLs associated to number of star flowers located at linkage groups of D, E, F and G. Due to some QTLs are overlapping on the same linkage group, thus, these 19 QTLs for flower traits might be considered as 15 different ones which distributed on 14 regions of the eight linkage groups. Although pleiotropic genes might be the most likely explanation for the collocation of these QTLs, the present data are not sufficient to distinguish between a pleiotropic gene and a cluster of different loci controlling several traits. These results can be a first step for molecular breeding on Robusta coffee mainly in order to improve potential suitable characteristics such as number of flowers and number of normal flowers as well as to reduce adverse characteristics such as number of star flowers.
文摘One quarter scale experiment device of a typical L-shape architecture structure including a burning room and an adjacent hallway is established to carry out the research.The smoke characteristics at the sampling points below the ceiling of the burning compartment and the roof of the hallway are studied systematically to find out the effects of different ceilings on the local fire origin compartment and the smoke transportation to a remote area.A series of tests is reported and the smoke residence time,the concentration peak and the concentration build up rate are investigated as functions of the type of the ceiling.The smoke residence time,the most important factor concerning smoke toxicity,is described by a novel concept,wavelength,in this study.Furthermore,it is worth emphasizing that the PVC ceiling exhibits a phenomenon of frequent collapse during the fire developing period.The single heat action is conducted to judge the smoke and the heat effect on the fire risk.
