沈秋农捐赠1874年《申报》

近日，常熟市档案局局长沈秋农将自己收藏的大清同治1874年的《申报》捐赠给常熟市档案馆，这是继常熟理工学院时萌教授生前捐赠的光绪十年、宣统元年的4张《申报》后的第5张《申报》。时教授捐赠的《申报》的出版时间分别为1884年12月16日、

Effect of GA_(3) Concentration and Soaking Time on Seed Germination Characteristics of Blueberry

This study aims to explore the effect of GA_(3) concentration and soaking time on seed germination characteristics of blueberry.To be specific,big(B),medium-sized(M),and small(S)blueberry seeds were soaked in 0,100,200,and 300 mg/L GA_(3) solution for 18 h and 200 mg/L GA_(3) solution for 0,24,and 48 h,respectively.The results showed that 300 mg/L GA_(3) had significant effect on the germination of B and M seeds(P<0.01)and enabled the germination 4~5 d and 7~8 d earlier,respectively.Soaking with 200 mg/L GA_(3) for 24 h was conducive to the germination of B and M seeds(P<0.05).However,GA_(3) concentration and soaking time had no obviously promoting effect on the germination of S seeds.The interactions between GA_(3) concentration and seed size and between soaking time and seed size were significant(P<0.01).

Effects of Different Treatments on Seed Germination of Bupleurum chinensis

In order to solve the problem of low emergence rate of Bupleurum chinense seeds, and screen out the best germination conditions, the seeds of Bupleurum chinense L. were treated with different soaking time, germination temperature and exogenous regulating substances to improve the germination rate. The results showed that the germination rate of fresh water at 12 h was significantly higher than that at 8 h and 36 h; The germination rate of seeds treated with constant temperature 15℃ and variable temperature 25 ℃/15 ℃ （day/night） was significantly higher than that of other temperature treatments. Seed soaking time and culture temperature also influenced seed germination start day and peak day. Different concentrations of regulatory substances could promote seeds germination. The germination rate of seeds induced by 0.50 mg/L 6-BA was the highest, the start day and peak day were 4 days and 5 days earlier than control check （CK） respectively.

Simultaneously measuring initiation toughness of pure mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ cracks subjected to impact loads

In order to simultaneously measure the initiation toughness of pure mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ cracks in one specimen,a large-size double-cracked concave-convex plate(DCCP)specimen configuration was proposed.Impacting tests were implemented in the drop plate impact device.Strain gauges were employed to measure impact loads and crack initiation time.The corresponding numerical model was established by using the dynamic finite difference program AUTODYN,and the experimental-numerical method and ABAQUS code were utilized to obtain the initial fracture toughness of the crack.Using experiments and numerical research,we concluded that the DCCP specimen is suitable for measuring the initial fracture toughness of pure mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ cracks at the same time;the dynamic initiation toughness increases with the increase of loading rate and the crack initiation time decreases with increasing loading rate;the initiation toughness of mode Ⅱ crack is 0.5 times that of mode Ⅰ crack when subjected to the same loading rate.For the pre-crack in the vicinity of the bottom of a sample,when its length increases from 20 to 100 mm,the dynamic initiation toughness of the pure mode Ⅰ crack gradually decreases,and the longer the lower crack length is,the easier the crack would initiate,but the dynamic initiation toughness of pure mode Ⅱ crack varies little.

Studies on the Correlation between Germination and cAMP Content of Different Color Chlamydospores in Ustiloginoidea virens

Ustilaginoidea virens is the causal agent of a serious disease of rice. To reveal the relationship between germination and the 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate(c AMP) content from the dormant(black or green-black) and non-dormant(yellow)chlamydospore in Ustiloginoidea virens,this study adopts ultrasonic-bath method and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) method, for extraction c AMP content of the different color chlamydospore. The results demonstrated that, as for the freshly chlamydospores collected from the false smut balls during their germination, c AMP content of yellow chlamydospore appeared a slight growth during 0-12 h, and showed a rapid declining as the germination time extended(12-48 h). Above all, in yellow chlamydospores, the germination rate and the content of c AMP presented a very notably negative correlation(|r|=0.861 9>r0.01=0.834), but the correlation between germination rate and content of c AMP was not obvious in black chlamydospores. The germination rate and the content of c AMP presented a notably positive correlation under different storage period(0, 2, 4, 6, 8,10 months) of the two color chlamydospores(the yellow of chlamydospore: |r | = 0.785 1 > r0.05= 0.707; the black of chlamydospore: |r| = 0.957 9 > r0.05= 0.707).

Effect of Sodium Chloride and Proline on Embryo Formation and Germination through in vitro Micropropagation of Date Palm （Phoenix dactylifera L.） cv. Barhee [11]

The effect of NaCI and proline on somatic embryos formation and germination of date palm （Phoenix dactylifera L.） cv. Barhee was studied. Quarters of shoot tips were cultured on MS solid growth media supplied with different concentrations of salt （NaCI） （0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3%, respectively） and proline （25, 50 and 75 mg L1） either individually or in combination. Results showed that the addition of NaC1 （starting at 1%） caused a significant increase in the cylindrical embryos formation time, while their lengths and fresh weights were decreased at salt concentrations （0.5% and 2%）. No significant effect was noticed on the formation time by using proline except at concentration of 25 mg L^-1 which caused an increase in their lengths and fresh weights. The interaction between all salt concentrations and proline （25 mg LL） caused a significant increase in the formation time as well as in their lengths and fresh weights. The addition of NaC1 to the media caused a significant effect on the germination time and a reduction on the percentages of somatic embryo germination starting at 2% and the following ones. A reduction in the lengths of radicals and the plumules of the formed embryos was noticed at 1.5% NaCI. Proline addition reduced the initial time and increased the germination percentages as well as the lengths of radicals and plumules. The interaction between salt and proline treatments caused a significant reduction in the initiation time and an increase in the germination percentages and lengths of radicals and plumules.

志事心声——邵长兴致函陈泽泓就《岭表志谭》出版访谈录

一、自觉与自信。自觉与自信，往往会同时萌生。构思或动笔之前，可能设想要完成一部怎样的著作，作用如何；自信愈强，写作动力也水涨船高。关于撰写评析的自觉，在后记中已有所述及，可否再进一步披露一些，先生具体情况如何？

重见暖阳的第253天

在《中学生博览》上发表文字,是我初遇小博时萌生的小梦想,这个梦想贯穿了我整个中学时代。不幸的是,直到高中毕业,我也没有实现这个梦想。

Geographical variation in germination traits of the salt-marsh cordgrass Spartina alterniflora in its invasive and native ranges

Aims Germination is the earliest life-history transition of a plant species.It determines the ecological breadth and geographic ranges of a species and has major effects on its invasion potential.The largest spread of the invasive salt-marsh cordgrass Spartina alterniflora in China,where it extends to latitudes lower than its native range in North America,provides an opportunity to examine germination trait variation across latitudes within and among its invasive and native ranges.Methods We studied seed germination traits of S.alterniflora using seeds collected from 10 locations across latitudes in its invasive range(China,20°–40°N)and 16 locations across latitudes in its native range(USA,27°–43°N)in growth chambers with 0 PSU sterilized distilled water.We further evaluated how climate and tide range in the original locations influenced germination traits.Important Findings Native populations showed higher(~10%)germination percentage and significantly higher(~20%)germination index than invasive populations did,but invasive populations germinated significantly earlier(~3 days)than native populations.Germination percentage and germination index increased with latitude in the invasive range but decreased with latitude in the native range.The mean germination time decreased with latitude in the invasive range and paralleled that in the native range.Germination percentage and germination index were negatively correlated with mean daily temperature(Tmean),mean daily maximum temperature(Tmax)and mean daily minimum temperature(Tmin),and inversely correlated with Tmean,Tmax and Tmin in the native range.However,the mean germination time was positively correlated with Tmean,Tmax and Tmean in both ranges.Our results demonstrate that invasive and native populations have evolved different latitudinal clines in germination percentage and index,but the mean germination time of the invasive population mirrored the latitudinal cline observed in the native range,suggesting that germination strategy across latitudes may change during invasion process.