从明“学”层面看高氏《义疏》之“繁琐”--高步瀛《文选李注义疏》研究之一

高步瀛《文选李注义疏》是《文选》李善注研究殊为重要的成果。其“繁琐”时或为后世学者所诟病,然将之置于“选学”发展史和近代学术的大背景下细加观照,便知在看来“繁琐”的考据中,是书以校勘、考证、注疏、章句等形式基本囊括了向来《文选》研究的相关重要成果,乃近代“选学”的集大成之作,在“选学”发展史上的崇高地位无可动摇。“繁琐”是《义疏》自身不得不然及特殊时代之产物,主要乃因之明“学”,然不外“白璧”之“微瑕”。

顾炎武对明代空疏学风痼疾的深层认识

顾炎武对明代空疏学风展开了激烈批判,在《日知录》及《亭林文集》讨论学术的书信中,他深刻剖析空疏学风漠视社会责任和应承担的义务,表面上尊奉儒学,而实际是尊奉禅学,造成了社会矛盾得不到解决。而在明代空疏学风形成过程中,阳明心学起到了鼓动人心的作用,然背后的根源则是明代君主专制统治。反专制与反对空谈误国构成了顾炎武思想的主线。

清初诗坛对明代诗学的反思

清初诗学是在对明代诗学的深刻反思中逐步确立起自己的理论目标和话语系统的。清初诗家对明代诗歌的反思集中在摹拟作风、门户之见和应酬习气三个方面,同时将批评的矛头集中在历下和竟陵两派。正是在对明代诗学流弊的清算中,清代诗学展开了自己的理论框架。

另一侧的潜流:清末国学变迁与章太炎的明治汉学批判

20世纪初,海外特别是明治汉学的波澜与中国国学界的跃动,事件层层叠叠,表现出互相倚依、内外牵扯的二重奏样态。1911年《学林》所载章太炎《与农科大学教习罗振玉书》,猛烈抨击明治汉学,乃近代中日文化交流史上的关键文本。往往被忽视的另一侧,即中国国学界内部之演变,助推了章太炎的明治汉学批判。无论是抨击褒奖日本汉学的风气,还是质疑以新出土文物为重心的学术潮流,章太炎的相关言论,可溯自《国粹学报》。俞樾与岛田翰,才是他批判文章中未录其名,但内心实则紧张的人物。“依自不依他”,作为章太炎的伦理和学术立场,也反映了古物流失过程中,中国知识人通过坚信内心的实在圆满来应对外在事物变迁流转的共同心态。“故闻”与“古物”之学的纷争,蕴含了章太炎论衡“国故”与罗振玉“古器物之学”各自的关切。两人均视对方为争夺“国学”话语权的对手。《学林》与《国学丛刊》的创刊和隔空论争,意味着他们分别另起炉灶。从《国粹学报》到《与罗振玉书》的相关事件和言论,有助于我们理解在西力东侵、东学寝盛的背景下,中国国学界所经历的这段心态调整、人事变迁,学术竞争与转轨的动态历史。

论江州文学氛围对陶渊明创作的影响

陶渊明诗文的产生不是一个孤立的文学现象。他是“古今隐逸诗人之宗” ,尤其是庐山周围隐士文学的代表 ;是江州庶族文学成就最高的作家 ;又是庐山僧人文学活动和作品影响下产生的一种山林气息浓厚的文学。

Building an Ecological Civilization in China： Towards a Practice Based Learning Approach

The adoption by the 18th Congress of the Communist Party of China in November 2012 of a policy on ecological civilization is a landmark event for the nation and the world community. China＇s vision for building an ecological civilization is comprehensive, multi-sectoral and systemic and is intended to direct and balance progress among ecological, economic, social, cultural and political dimensions of change. Some on-going efforts and potential future activities that meet China＇s vision of an ecological civilization are described. Establishment of dedicated ecological civilization areas for experimenting with legal, regulatory and administrative incentives that would facilitate the march towards the ideal is encouraged. Chinese biosphere reserves which are designated with the explicit aim of building harmony between humans and nature would be suitable candidates for designing and developing such dedicated ecological civilization areas.

The Non—local Thermodynamical Equilibrium Effects on Opacity

Based on the detailed configuration accounting (DCA) model, a method is developed to include the resonant photoionization and the excitation-autoionization in the non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (NLTE) average atom (AA) model. Using this new model, the mean charge states and the opacity are calculated for NLTE high- plasmas and compared with other results. The agreement with AA model is poor at low electron density. The present results agree well with those of DCA model within 10%. The calculations show that the NLTE effects on opacity are strong.

Sandwich-Course Training in Higher Education as a Major Strategic Thrust Regional Policy of Professional Training： Lessons Learned From the Pioneering Example of the University Institute of Technology Corsica

Corsica is an island economy marked by the complete absence of any of the big holdings and multinationals that fuel and forge the worldwide economy. Equally absent is any of the kind of medium-sized enterprises servicing big business that have spearheaded local economies in other regions like Lombardy. Corsica＇s economic fabric is essentially made up of small and home businesses, farm smallholdings, artisans, and small-scale retail. Given how public-sector capital investment is already hypertrophied, a policy of investment in human capital could be a compelling new opportunity to trigger a dynamic regional development impetus. Leading the way, the University Institute of Technology Corsica, Corsica University＇s affiliated school of applied vocational technologies, is demonstrating its ability to act as a structurally engaged facilitator of island-wide spatial planning and regional branding. As a founding pillar in pioneering the emergence of a sandwich-course training system in higher education in Corsica, in 2010 the university made its entire training curriculum fully accessible to all through the signature of apprenticeship training or vocational qualifications agreements. This grass-roots programme is the outcome of a committed core strategy to develop partnerships with the island＇s key social and economic communities （businesses, community groups, and local authorities）, and it plays a fundamental role in shaping and selling the most vital valued assets that typify a regional territory emerging into a structured destination-brand identity （simultaneous growth in the employability and quality of school-to-work transition shown by its human capital, mass shift in the degree of skill acquisition directly tied to the regional territory＇s own organic needs, fluidity of knowledge transfer fully controlled through sandwich placements, deep sustainable entrepreneurship education etc.）. After highlighting the specific features of the sandwich training policy development process in Corsica as a shaper of the Regional Vocational Development Programme, this paper brings an analysis of the lessons learned from the pioneering example of the University Institute of Technology Corsica as a dynamic engineer of structured future and regional brand for Corsica.

Helicobacter pylori infection causes gastric cancer? A review of the epidemiological,meta-analytic, and experimental evidence

Since the discovery of Carnpylobacter-like organisms （Helicobacter pylori） more than two decades ago the possibility of a relationship with gastric cancer has been postulated, tested and supposedly proven. There have been numerous human studies of various designs from many countries around the world. Several meta-analyses have been published and more recently a small number of experimental animal studies were reported looking at the association between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric cancer. Over the years, the human epidemiological studies have produced conflicting results; the metaanalyses have as one would expect produced similar pooled estimates; while the early experimental animal studies require replication. The exact mechanisms by which H pylori might cause gastric cancer are still under investigation and remain to be elucidated.

Ultra-slow Bright and Dark Optical Solitons in Cold Media

We present a systematic study on the formation of ultra-slow bright and dark optical solitons in highly resonant media. By investigating four life-time broadened atomic systems, i.e., three-state A-type and cascade-type schemes, and four-state N-type and cascade-type schemes, we show that the formation of such ultra-slow solitons in cold atomic systems is a fairly universal phenomenon.

Electrochemical oxidation of rhodamine B by PbO_2/Sb-SnO_2/TiO_2 nanotube arrays electrode

A PbO2/Sb-SnO2/TiO2 nanotube array composite electrode was successfully synthesized and its electrochemical oxidation properties were investigated.Field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM)and X-ray diffraction(XRD)results showed that the PbO2 coating was composed of anα-PbO2 inner layer and aβ-PbO2 outer layer.Accelerated life measurement indicated that the composite electrode had a lifetime of 815 h.Rhodamine B(RhB)was employed as a model pollutant to analyze the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode.The effects of initial RhB concentration,current density,initial pH,temperature,and chloride ion concentration on the electrochemical oxidation were investigated in detail.Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)results suggested that the concentration of leached Pb^2+in the electrolyte during the electrocatalytic oxidation process can be neglected.Finally,the degradation mechanism during the electrocatalytic oxidation process was proposed based on the results of solid-phase micro-extraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(SPME-GC-MS).The high electrocatalytic performance of the composite electrode makes it a promising anode for the treatment of organic pollutants in aqueous solution.

Multicast Routing in Satellite Network

There are some problems in the dual-layer satellite MPLs metworks to be composed of LEO and MEO. In order to solve the problems, this paper presents a plan by means of unicast LSP to implement multicast in the dual-layer satellite MPLs networks. It has advantages of saving space and reducing extra charge.

Philosophical Study of Scientific Proof

The scientific proof is the highest type of the rational proof. The mankind is looking for the best technology of the reasonable demonstration. What is a proof？. What is a scientific proof？. Philosophical investigations of proofs have the long history. Philosophy is exploring physics, mathematics, astronomy, biology, history, and so on. Science demands strict proofs. Science uses the specific methods as the optimum technologies for the achievement of the truth. Strictness of the proof depends on the aim algorithm： the distribution of the functions between parts of the proof. The beginning stage, the middle parts, and the ending stage are the unit of the proof. Philosophy can make the correct model of the scientific proof only! Science and its methodology develop and the growth of knowledge has not the finish. The rational ideals improve continually. Science is looking for the criterion of the demonstrative strictness. The adaptation algorithm of the scientific method is the best technology for the achievement of the truth.

All Conversations About Love Are the Same

In The Metaphysics of Love, Schopenhauer argues that love is a literary invention. For the philosopher, this feeling was a creation of men to mask the real desire. On the other hand, Nicolas Grimaldi, while analysing Marcel Proust＇s work, enumerates a series of issues that strengthen Schopenhauer＇s arguments. For Grimaldi, the writer explains the literary character of love in its work. Through the analysis of four films, from different cinematography, this work intends to explore the issue of the representation of love in the art of film. In an attempt to understand how film uses its formal and discursive resources to present or represent this feeling, this paper analyses films chosen on the basis of how they tell their love stories. Beginning with Gertrud whose motto, Omnia Love says it all. In The Woman Next Door, Truffaut reveals the paradox of love and pain. Wings of Desire speaks of love and redemption. More recently, Kiarostami offered his Certified Copy, a film that asks whether a copy can produce in us the same thrill of an original. If love is an invention of literature, this paper seeks to understand how such an invention is born, and what it consists in modern and contemporary cinema.

Optimal Power Allocation for Heterogeneous Network Capacity Maximization

We investigate the optimal joint power allocation in Heterogeneous Networks （HetNets） to maximise its capacity. Consider- ing frequency reuse in the network, we study two power-constraint cases, i.e., per-cell po- wer constraint case and per-tier power con- straint case. We formulate the capacity maxi- mization problem by allowing each subcarrier of Marco eNodeB （MeNB） to be shared by users from multiple Picos. We mathematically demonstrate that the optimal power allocation in the per-cell power constraint case has a re- markably simple nature： each Pico transmits to its user with maximum power, while MeNB either selects only one user to jointly transmit with maximum power or does not transmit to any user. In the per-tier power constraint case, the difference is that the power allocation be- tween two Picos takes the form of water-fill- ing. Numerical results verify that our proposed schemes outperform the conventional interfe- rence coordination schemes.

Atomic coherence in nondegenerate four-wave mixing

Two-photon resonant nondegenerate four-wave mixing （NFWM） with the addition of a coupling field in Ba atomic vapour has been studied. We find that coherence of the atomic level transitions leads to suppression of the NFWM signal, giving rise to a dip with a linewidth that is linearly proportional to the intensity of the coupling field.

Photocatalytic degradation kinetics in Rhodamine B dye degradation with poriferous TiO_2 photocatalyst

A type of poriferous TiO2 material was prepared using cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide as a template agent and butyl tetra titanate as a precursor. Through studying the photocatalytic kinetic activity of Rhodamine B photocatalytic degradation reaction with a UV-1601PC ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer, the photocatalytic degradation process of Rhodamine B was found to not correspond to the first-order kinetic process completely. According to the reaction phenomenon, the photocatalytic degradation process of Rhodamine B with poriferous TiO2 involved two irreversible reactions. The kinetic model was tested using experimental data.

Exact Solutions for a Higher-Order Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation in Atmospheric Dynamics

By giving prior assumptions on the form of the solutions, we succeed to find several exact solutions for a higher-order nonlinear Schroetinger equation derived from one important model in the study of atmospheric and ocean dynamical systems. Our analytical solutions include bright and dark solitary waves, and periodical solutions, which can be used to explain atmospheric phenomena.

On Hemingway＇s iceberg theory

As one of the most influential American writers in the 20th century, Hemingway pioneered a generation of writing style. He is famous for his unique writing style-iceberg theory. In this paper, the author firstly introduces the different views about Hemingway＇s iceberg theory among the critics. And then the author discusses the theory from the aspects of succinct words and symbolism. On the dimensions of describing scenery, portraying figures and describing psychology, Hemingway＇s style is seemingly rather simple and direct. On the other hand, the theme of Hemingway＇s works is symbolic and provides much room for thinking. Hemingway endowed his works with symbolic meanings by using the methods of pun and coda. Also, meanings of Christian symbolism are obvious in his works. Through discussion, the author refutes the critics＇ negative opinions towards iceberg theory.

Analyzing and exemplify the phenomenon of lossing control in vibration experiment

With science and technology development,vibration testing as the most important item in reliability test is becoming more and more important,at the same time,vibrate condition becoming more and more complicated,the phenomenon increases that the output of controller goes beyond controlling range so that destroy the specimen. In this paper,some skills such as how to set the parameters of force controller,where to place the sensor,which material to be chosen and which skills to be used while making jigs were introduced to avoid the just matter. At last,some examples were given to prove the validity of the method proposed.