Raising public awareness and participation of the local communities in the environmental protection has become a major objective of sound development programs. In the framework of the canal environmental protection pr...Raising public awareness and participation of the local communities in the environmental protection has become a major objective of sound development programs. In the framework of the canal environmental protection program of Ho Chi Minh City, we had developed 32 public awareness meetings for 14 districts with about 2,726 participants from year 2012 to 2015. The program had been organized in various forms such as training, brochure, leaflet, poster, propaganda gifts, face-to-face discussion, study visits, survey questionnaire. The results of the program can add substantial value to the canal environmental protection program of the city. The information gained through public comments can help identify key issues and solutions for the authorities as district and city levels. It was determined that most important outcomes from the public participation were educating the public, incorporating public values, assumptions and preferences into decision making process.展开更多
The history of the formation and development of Chinese civilization is also a civilization history of water conservancy. Water not only gives birth to Chinese civilization but also gives birth to the unique regional ...The history of the formation and development of Chinese civilization is also a civilization history of water conservancy. Water not only gives birth to Chinese civilization but also gives birth to the unique regional culture in Lingnan. In the past thousands of year, from the ancient myths and legends of Lingnan water conservancy culture to the digging of efficacious Canal＇s integration of the nationalities in Lingnan, to the blending of water and culture of the Xijiang River and the North River of the Zhujiang water system and the formation of urban river culture, development of its generation, deduction and inheritance has the mutual penetration with the formation of water system and the variation of water conservancy which mutually influence the historical evolvement of Lingnan regional culture.展开更多
On the northern fringe of Mt. Huangshan, many fiver terraces are developed at the junction between mountains and plains. The fiver terraces are most typical in the Jingxian Basin, Anhui Province, where the Qingyijiang...On the northern fringe of Mt. Huangshan, many fiver terraces are developed at the junction between mountains and plains. The fiver terraces are most typical in the Jingxian Basin, Anhui Province, where the Qingyijiang River, one of the longest tributaries of the lower Yangtze River, developed three staircase terraces. The topmost terrace （i.e., the T3 terrace） tread is 38 - 39 m above fiver level, and the top of the gravels is generally covered by 3 - 10.9 m of red clay deposits. Systematic magnetostratigraphy and electron spin resonance dating are used to research the timing of the establishment of the Qingyijiang River. The main results show that the topmost terrace developed no later than 900 kyr ago and that the appearance of the Qingyijiang River occurred correspondingly at least before 900 kyr ago on the northern fringe of Mt. Huangshan. In view of the almost synchronous age,the establishment of the Qingyijiang River was seemingly a response to the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution when the 100 kyr cycle commenced, and the Kunlun-Huanghe movement during the early- middle Pleistocene transition. In addition, the establishment of the Qingyijiang River possibly reflected the birth of the modem Yangtze River to some degree. Therefore the timing of the formation of the Yangtze River is restricted to no later than 900 kyr ago based on the appearance of the Qingyijiang River .展开更多
The authors assessed if wetlands can contribute to flood damage reduction in the Red River Basin, Minnesota, by providing reliable flood water storage. Hydrology and biodiversity in 28 natural and restored wetlands su...The authors assessed if wetlands can contribute to flood damage reduction in the Red River Basin, Minnesota, by providing reliable flood water storage. Hydrology and biodiversity in 28 natural and restored wetlands suggested uncontrolled natural wetlands provided the highest mean annual flood storage at 15 cm of runoff while single and 2-stage outlet controlled wetlands provided 3.0 and 8.1 cm of runoff control. Natural controlled wetlands, followed by 2-stage and single stage outlet controlled restorations provided 10.2, 6.6, and 2.2 cm of storage for early summer storm events. Two years of recorded water levels and a 20-year continuous meteorological record were used to model ＂temporary water level increases＂ in each wetland. Species diversity, hydrology, and watershed land use variables are inversely related where high quality and diverse wetlands had the lowest amplitude and frequency of water level increases, while low quality wetlands had the highest. Uncontrolled natural wetlands had the highest biological diversity and the lowest frequency and magnitude of temporary water levels increased. A significant biodiversity declines were measured where water level increases were greater than 2.7 meters. Strong multi-linear relationships between watershed land uses and watershed/wetland ratio explained wetland hydraulic performance and biodiversity relations （r2 ranging from 0.6-0.8）. Non-native wetland plant diversity increased with greater water level dynamics.展开更多
During Mesozoic to Cenozoic time, the large-scale tectono-magmatism had strongly modified the lithosphere beneath the southeastern continent of China, leaving the present-day lithosphere as a new one evolving from the...During Mesozoic to Cenozoic time, the large-scale tectono-magmatism had strongly modified the lithosphere beneath the southeastern continent of China, leaving the present-day lithosphere as a new one evolving from the ancient lithosphere that was largely removed and replaced. But this model proposed from geochemical and petrological research is urgently in need of support from seismic observational evidence. In this paper, based on the dataset recorded by the dense stations of two NE ori- ented broadband seismic profiles deployed in the coastal area of southeastern China （SE China）, both P-wave （P-RF） and S-wave （S-RF） receiver functions were isolated. We identified Pls phase converted from the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary （LAB） in P-RFs of individual stations. Migrated Pls phase indicated a depth of 60-70 km for LAB. Inver- sions/comparisons of P-RF （Pls phase） and S-RF （Sip phase） waveforms together with Ps and Sp imaging for the crust and up- per mantle structure further confirmed this result. P-RF and S-RF migrated images exhibit that a flat LAB is positioned at the depth of 60-70 km spreading along the profile, whereas a distinct structural change of lithospheric base appears at the Min River estuary. Both Ps and PpPs migrated images of P-RFs present an abrupt Moho drop across the Min River fault from south to north, which is consistent with previous result obtained from deep seismic sounding. By taking into consideration other ge- ological and geophysical features such as locally high anomalies of crustal Poisson＇s ratios and heat flow at the Min River es- tuary, we infer that the Min River fault penetrates down to the Moho and may, furthermore, interfere in the deeper lithospheric structure.展开更多
The migration of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC) from terrestrial to aquatic environments has important impacts on the adjacent water quality and the transport of organic and inorganic contaminants.However,few stud...The migration of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC) from terrestrial to aquatic environments has important impacts on the adjacent water quality and the transport of organic and inorganic contaminants.However,few studies have investigated the sources and properties of DOC in riparian zones.A total of 34 soil samples were collected across four riparian buffer zones(Zones A-D) on Chongming Island,China.The vertical distributions of soil organic carbon(SOC) and DOC,fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM) spectra of DOC and the optical indices,including fluorescence index(FI),index of recent autochthonous contribution(BIX),and humification index(HIX),were measured across the riparian environment to investigate the sources and fluorescence properties of DOC.The results showed that SOC stored in the surface soil(0-30 cm) accounted for 40%of the total soil profile SOC.The DOC accumulated in Zones A-C,which accounted for 5%of the SOC.The fluorescence EEM spectra of DOC showed that DOC contained humic-like and protein-like substances,which were mainly derived from recent plant debris by microbes.A large amount of humic-like substances were sorbed to minerals in the surface soil(0-30 cm).In addition,the riparian topography and soil physico-chemical properties(pH,EC and moisture) dictated the transformation and transport of DOC.The results suggested that EEMs could reveal the source of DOC in riparian soil systems,and that optical indices were complementary tools that revealed the characteristics of soil DOC and provided supplemental evidence about DOC sources.展开更多
文摘Raising public awareness and participation of the local communities in the environmental protection has become a major objective of sound development programs. In the framework of the canal environmental protection program of Ho Chi Minh City, we had developed 32 public awareness meetings for 14 districts with about 2,726 participants from year 2012 to 2015. The program had been organized in various forms such as training, brochure, leaflet, poster, propaganda gifts, face-to-face discussion, study visits, survey questionnaire. The results of the program can add substantial value to the canal environmental protection program of the city. The information gained through public comments can help identify key issues and solutions for the authorities as district and city levels. It was determined that most important outcomes from the public participation were educating the public, incorporating public values, assumptions and preferences into decision making process.
文摘The history of the formation and development of Chinese civilization is also a civilization history of water conservancy. Water not only gives birth to Chinese civilization but also gives birth to the unique regional culture in Lingnan. In the past thousands of year, from the ancient myths and legends of Lingnan water conservancy culture to the digging of efficacious Canal＇s integration of the nationalities in Lingnan, to the blending of water and culture of the Xijiang River and the North River of the Zhujiang water system and the formation of urban river culture, development of its generation, deduction and inheritance has the mutual penetration with the formation of water system and the variation of water conservancy which mutually influence the historical evolvement of Lingnan regional culture.
基金financially sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41301011,41301029,41201008)
文摘On the northern fringe of Mt. Huangshan, many fiver terraces are developed at the junction between mountains and plains. The fiver terraces are most typical in the Jingxian Basin, Anhui Province, where the Qingyijiang River, one of the longest tributaries of the lower Yangtze River, developed three staircase terraces. The topmost terrace （i.e., the T3 terrace） tread is 38 - 39 m above fiver level, and the top of the gravels is generally covered by 3 - 10.9 m of red clay deposits. Systematic magnetostratigraphy and electron spin resonance dating are used to research the timing of the establishment of the Qingyijiang River. The main results show that the topmost terrace developed no later than 900 kyr ago and that the appearance of the Qingyijiang River occurred correspondingly at least before 900 kyr ago on the northern fringe of Mt. Huangshan. In view of the almost synchronous age,the establishment of the Qingyijiang River was seemingly a response to the Mid-Pleistocene Revolution when the 100 kyr cycle commenced, and the Kunlun-Huanghe movement during the early- middle Pleistocene transition. In addition, the establishment of the Qingyijiang River possibly reflected the birth of the modem Yangtze River to some degree. Therefore the timing of the formation of the Yangtze River is restricted to no later than 900 kyr ago based on the appearance of the Qingyijiang River .
文摘The authors assessed if wetlands can contribute to flood damage reduction in the Red River Basin, Minnesota, by providing reliable flood water storage. Hydrology and biodiversity in 28 natural and restored wetlands suggested uncontrolled natural wetlands provided the highest mean annual flood storage at 15 cm of runoff while single and 2-stage outlet controlled wetlands provided 3.0 and 8.1 cm of runoff control. Natural controlled wetlands, followed by 2-stage and single stage outlet controlled restorations provided 10.2, 6.6, and 2.2 cm of storage for early summer storm events. Two years of recorded water levels and a 20-year continuous meteorological record were used to model ＂temporary water level increases＂ in each wetland. Species diversity, hydrology, and watershed land use variables are inversely related where high quality and diverse wetlands had the lowest amplitude and frequency of water level increases, while low quality wetlands had the highest. Uncontrolled natural wetlands had the highest biological diversity and the lowest frequency and magnitude of temporary water levels increased. A significant biodiversity declines were measured where water level increases were greater than 2.7 meters. Strong multi-linear relationships between watershed land uses and watershed/wetland ratio explained wetland hydraulic performance and biodiversity relations （r2 ranging from 0.6-0.8）. Non-native wetland plant diversity increased with greater water level dynamics.
基金supported by Sinoprobe02-03(Grant No.201011042)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41174081)
文摘During Mesozoic to Cenozoic time, the large-scale tectono-magmatism had strongly modified the lithosphere beneath the southeastern continent of China, leaving the present-day lithosphere as a new one evolving from the ancient lithosphere that was largely removed and replaced. But this model proposed from geochemical and petrological research is urgently in need of support from seismic observational evidence. In this paper, based on the dataset recorded by the dense stations of two NE ori- ented broadband seismic profiles deployed in the coastal area of southeastern China （SE China）, both P-wave （P-RF） and S-wave （S-RF） receiver functions were isolated. We identified Pls phase converted from the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary （LAB） in P-RFs of individual stations. Migrated Pls phase indicated a depth of 60-70 km for LAB. Inver- sions/comparisons of P-RF （Pls phase） and S-RF （Sip phase） waveforms together with Ps and Sp imaging for the crust and up- per mantle structure further confirmed this result. P-RF and S-RF migrated images exhibit that a flat LAB is positioned at the depth of 60-70 km spreading along the profile, whereas a distinct structural change of lithospheric base appears at the Min River estuary. Both Ps and PpPs migrated images of P-RFs present an abrupt Moho drop across the Min River fault from south to north, which is consistent with previous result obtained from deep seismic sounding. By taking into consideration other ge- ological and geophysical features such as locally high anomalies of crustal Poisson＇s ratios and heat flow at the Min River es- tuary, we infer that the Min River fault penetrates down to the Moho and may, furthermore, interfere in the deeper lithospheric structure.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment of China(Nos.2011ZX07303-001 and 2014ZX07303-003)the State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.Y412201426)
文摘The migration of soil dissolved organic carbon(DOC) from terrestrial to aquatic environments has important impacts on the adjacent water quality and the transport of organic and inorganic contaminants.However,few studies have investigated the sources and properties of DOC in riparian zones.A total of 34 soil samples were collected across four riparian buffer zones(Zones A-D) on Chongming Island,China.The vertical distributions of soil organic carbon(SOC) and DOC,fluorescence excitation-emission matrix(EEM) spectra of DOC and the optical indices,including fluorescence index(FI),index of recent autochthonous contribution(BIX),and humification index(HIX),were measured across the riparian environment to investigate the sources and fluorescence properties of DOC.The results showed that SOC stored in the surface soil(0-30 cm) accounted for 40%of the total soil profile SOC.The DOC accumulated in Zones A-C,which accounted for 5%of the SOC.The fluorescence EEM spectra of DOC showed that DOC contained humic-like and protein-like substances,which were mainly derived from recent plant debris by microbes.A large amount of humic-like substances were sorbed to minerals in the surface soil(0-30 cm).In addition,the riparian topography and soil physico-chemical properties(pH,EC and moisture) dictated the transformation and transport of DOC.The results suggested that EEMs could reveal the source of DOC in riparian soil systems,and that optical indices were complementary tools that revealed the characteristics of soil DOC and provided supplemental evidence about DOC sources.
