This study investigates the local air-sea relationship associated with the two dominant intraseasonal oscillation（ISO） components during the spring-to-summer transition and compares their properties using multiple a...This study investigates the local air-sea relationship associated with the two dominant intraseasonal oscillation（ISO） components during the spring-to-summer transition and compares their properties using multiple air-sea variables in the period 1998-2013.The amplitude of percentage variance in SST in periods of 10-20 and 30-60 days are comparable,but the locations of the maxima differ.A strong percentage variance in the 10-20-day SST is evident in the equatorial western Pacific,whereas for the 30-60-day SST the strongest ratio occurs in the North Indian Ocean（NIO）,South China Sea（SCS）,and North Pacific.Over the NIO,SCS,and Philippine Sea,there are significant correlations between SST and precipitation for both 10-20-day and 30-60-day ISOs.In contrast,the correlations between SST and surface heat fluxes cover a broader region and have larger coefficients.Thus,the atmospheric variables and surface heat fluxes show larger variations within the higher frequency band.However,the amplitude of the correlation coefficients between SST and surface heat fluxes,and SST and rainfall,is greater in the lower frequency band.The corresponding time lags for the different variables reveal that a strong local air-sea interaction is indicated over the NIO,SCS,and western North Pacific,from April to June in both timescales;however,the strength of the air-sea relationship depends on the region and variable.展开更多
降水形态的变化可以影响地表的温度和反照率,对下垫面物质和能量平衡、陆地水文及生态系统均产生极大影响.基于美国阿拉斯加8站和加拿大11站日平均气温和固态、液态降水资料拟合的固-液态降水临界气温,辨析了1961~2010年环北极地区253...降水形态的变化可以影响地表的温度和反照率,对下垫面物质和能量平衡、陆地水文及生态系统均产生极大影响.基于美国阿拉斯加8站和加拿大11站日平均气温和固态、液态降水资料拟合的固-液态降水临界气温,辨析了1961~2010年环北极地区253个站点的降水形态时空变化特征.结果表明:60°N以北地区,降雨量占总降水量的比值(rainfall to total precipitation ratio,RPR)随纬度升高而减小.RPR气候平均态在夏季最高,秋季、春季次之,冬季最小.在不同季节,RPR变化趋势存在明显的区域差异.在春季,RPR变化趋势较为一致,在北极大部分地区(82.46%站点)呈增加趋势,且有22.37%站点通过显著性检验,表明北极大部分地区春季降水在过去50多年间呈现由固态向液态转变的趋势.使用95%置信区间上限和下限临界温度对降水形态进行划分和趋势分析,其结果与使用最优解的计算结果一致.在北极冰雪开始消融的春夏季节转换期(3~7月),阿拉斯加、中西伯利亚和北欧部分地区存在明显的固态降水向液态降水转变的趋势,这一趋势可能正在对北极地-气相互作用施加着影响.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the National Basic Research Program of China[grant numbers 2014CB953902 and2015CB453202]the Strategic Leading Science Projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number XDAl 1010402]the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41305065,41305068,and 91337216]
文摘This study investigates the local air-sea relationship associated with the two dominant intraseasonal oscillation（ISO） components during the spring-to-summer transition and compares their properties using multiple air-sea variables in the period 1998-2013.The amplitude of percentage variance in SST in periods of 10-20 and 30-60 days are comparable,but the locations of the maxima differ.A strong percentage variance in the 10-20-day SST is evident in the equatorial western Pacific,whereas for the 30-60-day SST the strongest ratio occurs in the North Indian Ocean（NIO）,South China Sea（SCS）,and North Pacific.Over the NIO,SCS,and Philippine Sea,there are significant correlations between SST and precipitation for both 10-20-day and 30-60-day ISOs.In contrast,the correlations between SST and surface heat fluxes cover a broader region and have larger coefficients.Thus,the atmospheric variables and surface heat fluxes show larger variations within the higher frequency band.However,the amplitude of the correlation coefficients between SST and surface heat fluxes,and SST and rainfall,is greater in the lower frequency band.The corresponding time lags for the different variables reveal that a strong local air-sea interaction is indicated over the NIO,SCS,and western North Pacific,from April to June in both timescales;however,the strength of the air-sea relationship depends on the region and variable.
文摘降水形态的变化可以影响地表的温度和反照率,对下垫面物质和能量平衡、陆地水文及生态系统均产生极大影响.基于美国阿拉斯加8站和加拿大11站日平均气温和固态、液态降水资料拟合的固-液态降水临界气温,辨析了1961~2010年环北极地区253个站点的降水形态时空变化特征.结果表明:60°N以北地区,降雨量占总降水量的比值(rainfall to total precipitation ratio,RPR)随纬度升高而减小.RPR气候平均态在夏季最高,秋季、春季次之,冬季最小.在不同季节,RPR变化趋势存在明显的区域差异.在春季,RPR变化趋势较为一致,在北极大部分地区(82.46%站点)呈增加趋势,且有22.37%站点通过显著性检验,表明北极大部分地区春季降水在过去50多年间呈现由固态向液态转变的趋势.使用95%置信区间上限和下限临界温度对降水形态进行划分和趋势分析,其结果与使用最优解的计算结果一致.在北极冰雪开始消融的春夏季节转换期(3~7月),阿拉斯加、中西伯利亚和北欧部分地区存在明显的固态降水向液态降水转变的趋势,这一趋势可能正在对北极地-气相互作用施加着影响.
