清代长随小考

清代官场上,官之外有三种人的作用非常重要,即幕宾、书吏、长随。关于幕宾和书吏,史学界已有专文论述,唯长随无人道及。有关长随的史料,主要见于笔记杂钞,相当零散。笔者拟就所见者撮要考述如下,以见清代长随之概貌。

威信岂能“装”出来

下部队调研时听说,一位基层政工干部为了树立威信,平时总是沉着脸,说起话来冷冰冰,集合开会总最后到……常常＂装＂得架子很大、派头十足,以为这样就能提高地位、增加分量,＂像那么一回事＂。结果可想而知,威信不增反降。由此联想到,时下有少数基层政工干部,树威信试图走捷径,不是脚踏实地下真功、用苦功,而是浮于表面说官话、显官气,整天想着把威严拿足,以为距离远一点、表情严肃点,威信就能高一点。

太平天国的通讯问题述议

1853年太平天国建都天京后,开始逐步建立和完善自己的各种机构和各项制度。通讯问题伴随着天国辖区的扩大、战线的延长和各战区军事斗争的形势发展,越来越显示出了其特殊的重要性。无论天京向各战区作战将帅发出的指示、命令,还是各战区向天京反馈的战况与清方情报,都迫切地需要有一个强有力的通讯系统来加以完成。太平天国的通讯机构和通讯制度便应运而生,并很快初见规模。

我校在四川省社会科学优秀成果评奖中喜获佳绩

近日,四川省第十六次社会科学优秀成果评奖结果揭晓,我校赵成文主持的＂川南经济区港口群比较优势及泸州港发展研究＂,以及黄显官主持的＂社会医疗保险基金安全运行与长期平衡的政策研究＂荣获四川省社会科学优秀成果三等奖。

下了马,该多高还多高

近日读《罗荣桓传》,读到他在一次师级以上领导干部会议上的讲话：＂不要以为你高,这种高是因为你骑的马高。下了马,该多高还多高。＂读后,让人振奋,感受颇深。罗荣桓身为高级领导干部,从不摆官架、显官威、抖官风,始终把自己看作革命队伍中的普通一兵,即使担任军队的重要领导,也从不搞特殊化。他的＂下了马,该多高还多高＂的思想,不正是党员干部应该学习的吗？＂

Characteristics of coal re-oxidation based on microstructural and spectral observation

In order to investigate the characteristics of re-oxidation of residual coal in goafs in close coal seam mining,scanning electron microscope and infrared spectrometer are used to study the changes of coal microstructure and chemical reaction of functional groups of eight coal samples at different ranks.Result shows that after initial oxidation,the surface morphology of pore are different,and the porosity of coal is increased and the oxygen adsorption capacity of coal is improved.The change of coal molecular structure and presence of a large amount of active oxygen-containing functional groups lead to increasing tendency of coal to further oxidation.In addition,the higher lever of the initial oxidation is,the easier the re-oxidation occurs.

Pathogenicity of Septoria carvi Syd. towards Caraway Carum carvi L, （Apiaceae）

Septoria carvi belong to the fungi recently detected on caraway plants in the Polish climatic conditions. In many European countries, this fungus causes significant losses in caraway cultivation and decreases the quality and quantity of the herb material. The aim of the present work was to study the fungus harmfulness towards the sowing materials, stems, leaves and umbels of caraway. The pathogenicity tests according to Koch＇s postulates were carried out for isolates ofS. carvi using post-culture liquids and a water suspension of conidia to inoculate the plants＇ parts. The studies were conducted in the laboratory, the climatic chamber and in field conditions. S. carvi caused disease symptoms in the form of spots and necrosis on all tested plants organs. The infection was followed by natural openings what was shown by scanning electron microscope （SEM） microscopic observations. The efficiency of inoculation increased injuries and anatomical dipping of plant epidermal tissue. The study showed the ability for asymptomatic S. carvi colonization of inoculated plants＇ parts. The performed pathogenicity tests and microscopic observations SEM showed that the tested isolates of S. carvi were occasional pathogens of caraway.

Hydrophobic intensification flotation:Comparison of collector containing two minerophilic groups with conventional collectors

The surface hydrophobization and flotation of a xanthate−hydroxamate collector toward copper oxide mineral were compared with the combined collectors of xanthate and hydroxamate through water contact angle(WCA)and micro-flotation experiments.The results showed that S-[(2-hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl]-O-octyl-dithiocarbonate ester(HAOODE)exhibited stronger hydrophobization and better flotation performance to malachite(Cu2(OH)2CO3)than octyl-hydroxamic acid(OHA)and its combination with S-allyl-O-ethyl xanthate ester(AEXE).To understand the hydrophobic intensification mechanism of HAOODE to malachite,zeta potential,atomic force microscopy(AFM)and XPS measurements were carried out.The results recommended that malachite chemisorbed HAOODE to form Cu—HAOODE complexes in which the hydroxamate—(O,O)—Cu and—O—C(—S—Cu)—S—configurations co-existed.The co-adsorption of HAOODE’s hetero-difunctional groups was more stable than the single-functionalgroup adsorption of OHA and AEXE,which produced the“loop”structure and intensified the self-assembly alignment of HAOODE on malachite surfaces.In addition,the“h”shape steric orientation of the double hydrophobic groups in HAOODE facilitated stronger hydrophobization toward malachite than the“line”or“V”hydrophobic carbon chains of OHA or AEXE.Thus,HAOODE achieved the preferable flotation recovery of malachite particles in comparison with OHA and AEXE.

迁客的心声——从柳宗元的贬谪生涯看其游历散文

一、一丘一壑——盆景式的景物描写明代奚又溥在《徐霞客游记》序言中说:"子厚永州记游之作,不过借一丘一壑,以自写其胸中块垒奇倔之思,非游记之大观也。",可谓一语中的,柳宗元关注的主要是社会兴衰和人事。由于自身被贬,一落千丈,柳宗元时常以罪人自居,故纵情于山水之间,或以山水自况,以借山水浇郁愁,本意不写山水本身。

郁达夫与风雨茅庐

著名诗人、小说家郁达夫在海外殉难于抗日大业,迄今已45年了。他在杭州大学路场官弄的故居——风雨茅庐,大前年曾由杭州市有关部门决定修葺,拟作为“郁达夫纪念室”,这是对郁氏最美好的纪念。

绚丽多姿的中国扬州木偶艺术

源远流长享誉中外扬州木偶自我国唐天宝年间,至清末遂成风格独特的艺术品种。如唐人韦绚著《刘宾客佳话录》曾载“大司徒杜佑在维扬入市井看盘铃傀儡”。在他撰写的通典中也提到:“窟儡子亦云傀儡子,作偶人以戏,善歌舞……今闹市盛行焉。”杜佑公系唐代的显官名流,能亲往市井观看木偶戏表演,可见当时扬州木偶戏演出的盛况。到清代康、乾盛世。

西街女孩

阿娇告诉我她要离开这个城市,说这话时她的一个指头无意识地点在右臂上。她雪白的手臂修长而秀美,上面有一个牛痘的疤痕和一条一寸多长的青蛇。她银白的指甲就落在那条青蛇上,阳光下她的指甲成了一个银光闪闪的亮点。我对阿娇的这个决定感到很突然,一时说不上话。阿娇穿的是一件大 T 恤,很长,一直拖到大腿根,以至把她短短的牛仔裤衩都覆盖了,下面是她丰满而白皙的大腿。

物破自有时

韩魏公知北都。有中外亲献玉盏一只,云耕者入坏冢而得,表里无纤瑕可指,真绝宝也。公以百金答之,尤为宝玩。乃开醇召漕使显官,特设一卓,覆以绣衣,致玉盏其上,且将用之将酒,遍劝坐客。俄为吏将误触台倒。

谄谀人之古今议

谄谀,就是想尽办法、倾尽好话去巴结上司或是有权势的人让自己能够得到青睐、器重与利益的行为,所谓“以甘言入于人也,不择是非言。”社会上这些事情太普及了,因此有许多形容词,如趋奉、巴结、媚谄、逢迎、奉承、趋附、献媚、谄媚、拍马、讨好、顺迎、附和等等,造成了人际关系产生“对价人情”、“精神贿赂”、“谄谀取容”、“媚上邀宠”、“看人脸色”的现象。

梦中腐败

白天,我常常在公开的场合,如向青少年大讲"人生意义"的时候,在什么课堂上或讲座上大讲"高深学问"的时候,或是写文章痛斥确乎已经暴露、已被宣判的"巨贪"的时候,往往都俨然君子,义正辞严。有时,我也真的进入某种"神圣幻觉",觉得自己很可能真的是天生的仁人志士。无奈夜里我一经入睡入梦,特别是做了美梦的时候,又常常是腐败式的。例如我在做梦的时候。