一侧入路显露对侧后交通动脉瘤的显微解剖学研究

目的探讨一侧入路显露并夹闭对侧后交通动脉瘤的可行性。方法对15具国人成年尸头标本经甲醛固定,采用显微解剖技术,经一侧入路显露和观察对侧后交通动脉起始部及其毗邻关系,以探求最佳显露途径,并回顾性分析1997年-2002年收治的9例包含后交通动脉瘤在内的双侧颅内多发动脉瘤患者的治疗结果。结果在15具尸头的30支后交通动脉中,对侧后交通动脉起始部成功显露15支(50%),后交通动脉起源于颈内动脉后外侧壁者16支(53.3%),后壁者6支(20.0%),后内侧壁者8支(26.7%)。后交通动脉起点至颈内动脉穿出硬脑膜的距离为(8.74±2.57)mm,后交通动脉主干直径为(1.67±0.39)mm,通常在视交叉前间隙内,轻轻向外牵拉对侧视神经,即可显露后交通动脉起始点内侧面。1具标本须经过视交叉上外侧,在对侧视神经-颈内动脉间隙内,轻轻向外牵拉颈内动脉才能显露对侧后交通动脉及其起始部。在视交叉前间隙,经过对侧视神经下方探查该部位是较理想的途径,切开对侧硬脑膜镰状韧带,避免损伤视神经至关重要。9例经手术夹闭的双侧颅内多发动脉瘤患者,经一侧翼点入路显露并夹闭对侧后交通动脉瘤者3例。结论严格选择的双侧颅内多发动脉瘤患者,经一侧入路显露并夹闭对侧后交通动脉瘤是可行、安全和有效的。

形态定量技术在解剖学研究中的应用

解剖学和其它生物学科一样,长期以来主要是定性描述。但近年来,随着数学方法的不断渗入亦逐渐向数学化发展。从发展观点看,解剖学必须采取将专业内容、数学思维、电子计算机技术以及新兴研究技术融为一体的高技术研究模式,才能使学科本身臻于完善并适应现代迅速发展的科学要求。我们根据国内外有关形态定量研究的进展,对新近某些较常用的形态技术在解剖学和实验形态学中的应用简要予以介绍。

Identification of differentially expressed genes of primary spermatocyte against round spermatid isolated from human testis using the laser capture microdissection technique

The method of laser capture microdissection (LCM) combined with suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) was developed to isolate specific germ cells from human testis sections and to identify the genes expressed during differentiation and development. In the present study, over 10,000 primary spermatocytes and round spermatid cells weresuccessfully isolated by LCM. Using the cDNAs from primary spermatocytes and round spermatids, SSH cDNAs library of primary spermatocyte-specific was constructed. The average insert size of the cDNA isolated from 75 randomly picked white clones was 500 bp, ranging from 250 bp to 1.7 kb. Using the dot-blot method, a total of 421 clones were examined, resulting in the identification of 390 positive clones emitting strong signals. Partial sequence of cDNAs prepared from each clone was determined with an overall success rate of 84.4%. Genes encoding cytochrome c oxidase Ⅱ and the rescue factor-humanin were most frequently expressed in primary spermatocytes, suggesting their roles involved in meiosis.

EMS1基因扩增与口腔黏膜癌变的相关研究

目的 了解EMS1基因扩增是否参与口腔黏膜癌变。方法 采用显微解剖技术分别获取正常口腔黏膜上皮,口腔白斑患者的单纯增生,轻、中、重度异常增生上皮和原发性口腔鳞癌组织标本 78例,应用差示PCR反应检测EMS1基因扩增。结果 ①分别有 20 0%的口腔白斑组织, 57 6%的口腔鳞癌组织观察到EMS1扩增;②在口腔黏膜癌变进程中,EMS1扩增开始于中度异常增生黏膜,在伴有淋巴结转移的口腔鳞癌组织中其扩增率有显著增高(P=0 015)。结论 EMS1基因扩增与口腔黏膜癌变的演进相平行,似是口腔黏膜癌变的早期分子事件。