AIM:To investigate the biological role of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and its clinical signif icance in carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Clinical analysis of HCC patients and im-munohistochemical e...AIM:To investigate the biological role of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and its clinical signif icance in carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Clinical analysis of HCC patients and im-munohistochemical examination were conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum AFP level and patient mortality. Confocal microscopy,Western blotting, dimethylthiahzolyl-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide,Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were performed to explore the possible mechanism.RESULTS: Among the 160 HCC patients enrolled in this study,130 patients survived 2 years (81.25%),with a survival rate of 86.8% in AFP < 2 0 μg/L group,88.9% in AFP 20-250 μg/L group,and 69.6% in AFP > 250 μg/L group, demonstrating a higher mortality rate in HCC patients with higher AFP levels. Surgical treatment was benef icial only in patients with low AFP levels.The mortality rate of HCC patients with high AFP levels who were treated surgically was apparently higher than those treated with conservative management.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that AFP and AFP receptor were merely expressed in tissues of HCC patients with positive serum AFP.Consistently,in vitro analysis showed that AFP and AFPS were expressed in HepG2 but not in HLE cells. AFP showed a capability to promote cell growth,and this was more apparent in HepG2 cells,in which the proliferation was increased by 3.5 folds. Cell cycle analysis showed that the percent-age of HepG2 cells in S phase after exposure to AFP was modestly increased.CONCLUSION:HCC patients with higher AFP levels show a higher mortality rate,which appears to be attributable to the growth promoting properties of AFP.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To examine the ultrastructure of gastric cancer ceils by the electron microscope, in order to assess the relationship between neuroendocrine differentiation and post-operative survival time. METHODS NSE, Syn...OBJECTIVE To examine the ultrastructure of gastric cancer ceils by the electron microscope, in order to assess the relationship between neuroendocrine differentiation and post-operative survival time. METHODS NSE, Syn and CgA immunohistochemical labeling was conducted in 168 cases with a common-type of gastric cancer. Electron microscopy was performed in 80 cases with positive immunohistochemical labeling. These cases were followed-up for over 5 years and the post-operative survival data analyzed. RESULTS Neuroendocrine granules were found by electron microscopy in 39 cases. The rate of neuroendocrine differentiation found was 23% （39/168）, using routine diagnostic criteria and electron microscopy （REM）. The post-operative survival time of gastric cancer patients with neuroendocdne differentiation was significantly shorter （P=-0.0032） compared to those without neuroendocrine differentiation. CONCLUSION It is of significant clinical importance to determine if the neuroendocrine cells are differentiated in gastdc cancers. The gastric cancer patients with neuroendocrine differentiation have a shorter post-operative survival time and a poorer prognosis. Electron microscopy is a reliable method of providing a diagnosis.展开更多
A method of dry grinding muscovite based on the use of knife-mills is reported.It was possible to produce mica with a particle size below 100 and 45μm.After grinding,the samples were submitted to sonication treatment...A method of dry grinding muscovite based on the use of knife-mills is reported.It was possible to produce mica with a particle size below 100 and 45μm.After grinding,the samples were submitted to sonication treatment,which promoted delamination of the material.The particle size distribution shows that sonicated mica has more particles in the size range 10-50μm than does non-sonicated mica have. This also indicates a decrease in the average particle size.Characterization of the treated muscovite by scanning electron microscopy revealed a highly delaminated material with a plate-like structure.The products were characterized by chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction,too.This mica has already been used for the synthesis of pearlescent pigments.展开更多
The effect of surface finish and annealing treatment on the oxidation behavior of Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag (molar fraction, %) alloy was investigated at 900 and 1 000 ℃, respectively in air. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)...The effect of surface finish and annealing treatment on the oxidation behavior of Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag (molar fraction, %) alloy was investigated at 900 and 1 000 ℃, respectively in air. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted for the characterization of oxidation kinetics. The microstructures of oxide scales were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission election microscopy (TEM) techniques. Unfavorable effect of the annealing treatment on the oxidation behavior of the coating was also investigated. The results indicate that the oxidation behavior of the alloy is influenced by surface finish and annealing treatment. The oxidation rate of ground sample is lower than that of the polished alloy at 1 000 ℃ in air. The former forms a scale of merely Al2O3, and the latter forms a scale of the mixture of Al2O3 and TiO2. Annealing can improve the formation of TiO2.展开更多
Objective To observe the long-term impact of calcium phosphate （CaP） sol-gel coating on bone growth around porous-surfaced implant. Methods The porous-surfaced Ti-6Al-4V implants were prepared with the addition of a...Objective To observe the long-term impact of calcium phosphate （CaP） sol-gel coating on bone growth around porous-surfaced implant. Methods The porous-surfaced Ti-6Al-4V implants were prepared with the addition of a thin film of CaP sol-gel coating, and implanted into the tibiae of 8 rabbits, each with two implants. Implanted sites were allowed to heal for 2, 8, 12, and 24 weeks, after which specimens were obtained for scanning electron microscope analysis using the freezefracture technique. Results The sol-gel coated implants recovered by freeze-fracture technique showed extensive bone growth from the endosteum along the implant surface. The bone was in direct contact with the CaP layer. The cement line-like layer was clearly demonslxated to be an intervening electron dense afibrillar layer between the CaP coat and the overlying newly deposited bone. The stability and osseointegration of the porous-surfaced implants seemed not to be affected by the osteoclastic resorption of CaP layer occurred during 24 weeks of healing. Conclusion Based on the findings in the long-term observation, the addition of a thin layer of CaP promotes an extensive osseointegrated interface between the porous-surfaced Ti-6Al-4V implants and the newly deposited bone.展开更多
The anti-fungus mechanisms and curative effects of cinnamon oil and pogostemon oil complexes to wards intestinal Candida infections were investigat ed.We measured the minimal inhibitory concentra tion(MIC) values of t...The anti-fungus mechanisms and curative effects of cinnamon oil and pogostemon oil complexes to wards intestinal Candida infections were investigat ed.We measured the minimal inhibitory concentra tion(MIC) values of the complexes against Candida using proportionally-diluted test-tube medium and examined the evolution of the morphology and structures of Candida albicans using scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) and transmission elec tronic microscopy(TEM).We found that the aver age MIC values of the complexes against the fung were 0.064 mg/mL(cinnamon oil),0.032 mg/mL(pogostemon oil) for Candida albicans,0.129 mg/mL(cinnamon oil),0.064 mg/mL(pogostemon oil for Candida tropicalis,and 0.129 mg/mL(cinnamon oil),0.064 mg/mL(pogostemon oil),for Candida krusei.SEM examination over a 24-48 h period showed that the morphology of Candida albicans cells changed significantly.Irregular hollows ap peared on the surfaces,inside organelles were destroyed and the cells burst after treatment.TEM examination over a 48-72 h period indicated that the cell walls were damaged,organelles were destroyed and most cytoplasms became empty bubbles.Sixty intestinal Candida-infected patients were treated with a capsule containing cinnamon and pogostemon oil.The curative ratio was 71.67%(43/60),and the improvement ratio was 28.33%(17/60),giving a to talratio of 100%.Thus,the cinnamonoil and pogostemon oil complexes had strong anti-funguseffectsag ainst Candida albicans,Candidatropicalis,and Candidakrusei.They impacted the morphology and sub-micro structures of the fungus within48-72h,and eventually denatured and killed the cells.The complexes have also shown considerable curative effects to intestinal Candida infections.展开更多
基金Supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.30671856,30772536 and 81072710Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.7101006+2 种基金the state key project for infectious diseases,2008ZX10002-015,2008ZX10002-005-3Beijing Science and Technology Commission,Z111107058811067High-Level Talent Academic Leader Training Program,(2011-2-09)
文摘AIM:To investigate the biological role of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and its clinical signif icance in carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS:Clinical analysis of HCC patients and im-munohistochemical examination were conducted to evaluate the relationship between serum AFP level and patient mortality. Confocal microscopy,Western blotting, dimethylthiahzolyl-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide,Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry were performed to explore the possible mechanism.RESULTS: Among the 160 HCC patients enrolled in this study,130 patients survived 2 years (81.25%),with a survival rate of 86.8% in AFP < 2 0 μg/L group,88.9% in AFP 20-250 μg/L group,and 69.6% in AFP > 250 μg/L group, demonstrating a higher mortality rate in HCC patients with higher AFP levels. Surgical treatment was benef icial only in patients with low AFP levels.The mortality rate of HCC patients with high AFP levels who were treated surgically was apparently higher than those treated with conservative management.The results of immunohistochemistry showed that AFP and AFP receptor were merely expressed in tissues of HCC patients with positive serum AFP.Consistently,in vitro analysis showed that AFP and AFPS were expressed in HepG2 but not in HLE cells. AFP showed a capability to promote cell growth,and this was more apparent in HepG2 cells,in which the proliferation was increased by 3.5 folds. Cell cycle analysis showed that the percent-age of HepG2 cells in S phase after exposure to AFP was modestly increased.CONCLUSION:HCC patients with higher AFP levels show a higher mortality rate,which appears to be attributable to the growth promoting properties of AFP.
基金This work was supported by a grant from theSocial Development and Scientific Programof the Nantong Municipal Government,Ji-angsu Province,China(No.S30062).
文摘OBJECTIVE To examine the ultrastructure of gastric cancer ceils by the electron microscope, in order to assess the relationship between neuroendocrine differentiation and post-operative survival time. METHODS NSE, Syn and CgA immunohistochemical labeling was conducted in 168 cases with a common-type of gastric cancer. Electron microscopy was performed in 80 cases with positive immunohistochemical labeling. These cases were followed-up for over 5 years and the post-operative survival data analyzed. RESULTS Neuroendocrine granules were found by electron microscopy in 39 cases. The rate of neuroendocrine differentiation found was 23% （39/168）, using routine diagnostic criteria and electron microscopy （REM）. The post-operative survival time of gastric cancer patients with neuroendocdne differentiation was significantly shorter （P=-0.0032） compared to those without neuroendocrine differentiation. CONCLUSION It is of significant clinical importance to determine if the neuroendocrine cells are differentiated in gastdc cancers. The gastric cancer patients with neuroendocrine differentiation have a shorter post-operative survival time and a poorer prognosis. Electron microscopy is a reliable method of providing a diagnosis.
文摘A method of dry grinding muscovite based on the use of knife-mills is reported.It was possible to produce mica with a particle size below 100 and 45μm.After grinding,the samples were submitted to sonication treatment,which promoted delamination of the material.The particle size distribution shows that sonicated mica has more particles in the size range 10-50μm than does non-sonicated mica have. This also indicates a decrease in the average particle size.Characterization of the treated muscovite by scanning electron microscopy revealed a highly delaminated material with a plate-like structure.The products were characterized by chemical analysis and X-ray diffraction,too.This mica has already been used for the synthesis of pearlescent pigments.
基金Project(2007430028) supported by the Science and Technique Foundation of Henan Educational Committee, China
文摘The effect of surface finish and annealing treatment on the oxidation behavior of Ti-48Al-8Cr-2Ag (molar fraction, %) alloy was investigated at 900 and 1 000 ℃, respectively in air. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) was conducted for the characterization of oxidation kinetics. The microstructures of oxide scales were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission election microscopy (TEM) techniques. Unfavorable effect of the annealing treatment on the oxidation behavior of the coating was also investigated. The results indicate that the oxidation behavior of the alloy is influenced by surface finish and annealing treatment. The oxidation rate of ground sample is lower than that of the polished alloy at 1 000 ℃ in air. The former forms a scale of merely Al2O3, and the latter forms a scale of the mixture of Al2O3 and TiO2. Annealing can improve the formation of TiO2.
文摘Objective To observe the long-term impact of calcium phosphate （CaP） sol-gel coating on bone growth around porous-surfaced implant. Methods The porous-surfaced Ti-6Al-4V implants were prepared with the addition of a thin film of CaP sol-gel coating, and implanted into the tibiae of 8 rabbits, each with two implants. Implanted sites were allowed to heal for 2, 8, 12, and 24 weeks, after which specimens were obtained for scanning electron microscope analysis using the freezefracture technique. Results The sol-gel coated implants recovered by freeze-fracture technique showed extensive bone growth from the endosteum along the implant surface. The bone was in direct contact with the CaP layer. The cement line-like layer was clearly demonslxated to be an intervening electron dense afibrillar layer between the CaP coat and the overlying newly deposited bone. The stability and osseointegration of the porous-surfaced implants seemed not to be affected by the osteoclastic resorption of CaP layer occurred during 24 weeks of healing. Conclusion Based on the findings in the long-term observation, the addition of a thin layer of CaP promotes an extensive osseointegrated interface between the porous-surfaced Ti-6Al-4V implants and the newly deposited bone.
文摘The anti-fungus mechanisms and curative effects of cinnamon oil and pogostemon oil complexes to wards intestinal Candida infections were investigat ed.We measured the minimal inhibitory concentra tion(MIC) values of the complexes against Candida using proportionally-diluted test-tube medium and examined the evolution of the morphology and structures of Candida albicans using scanning electronic microscopy(SEM) and transmission elec tronic microscopy(TEM).We found that the aver age MIC values of the complexes against the fung were 0.064 mg/mL(cinnamon oil),0.032 mg/mL(pogostemon oil) for Candida albicans,0.129 mg/mL(cinnamon oil),0.064 mg/mL(pogostemon oil for Candida tropicalis,and 0.129 mg/mL(cinnamon oil),0.064 mg/mL(pogostemon oil),for Candida krusei.SEM examination over a 24-48 h period showed that the morphology of Candida albicans cells changed significantly.Irregular hollows ap peared on the surfaces,inside organelles were destroyed and the cells burst after treatment.TEM examination over a 48-72 h period indicated that the cell walls were damaged,organelles were destroyed and most cytoplasms became empty bubbles.Sixty intestinal Candida-infected patients were treated with a capsule containing cinnamon and pogostemon oil.The curative ratio was 71.67%(43/60),and the improvement ratio was 28.33%(17/60),giving a to talratio of 100%.Thus,the cinnamonoil and pogostemon oil complexes had strong anti-funguseffectsag ainst Candida albicans,Candidatropicalis,and Candidakrusei.They impacted the morphology and sub-micro structures of the fungus within48-72h,and eventually denatured and killed the cells.The complexes have also shown considerable curative effects to intestinal Candida infections.
