语义启动范式下显性水平对N200的影响

为探讨显性水平对N200的影响,选择高、低不同显性水平的隐喻与直义材料,采用启动词—目标词语义启动范式呈现双字词对,结果发现,高、低不同显性水平诱发的N200无差异,语义网络远、近距离的隐喻与直义材料也导致了无差异的N200。这些结果说明显性水平不影响N200,同时也证明,N200对语义加工不敏感。

害虫对Bt抗性遗传方式的研究进展

转Bt作物现已在全球广泛种植,并在美国和中国等国家已种植达十余年,目前尚无报道田间害虫对Bt作物产生抗性。高剂量/庇护所策略被广泛用于转Bt作物中,以延缓害虫对Bt作物的抗性进化。该策略的前提条件是与抗性遗传方式密切相关。本文在简要介绍害虫抗药性遗传方式的研究方法的基础上,对目前关于害虫对Bt抗性遗传方式的研究进展进行归纳分析,并讨论了抗性遗传方式在高剂量∕庇护所策略中的应用。

在职消费:薪酬补偿还是利益侵占

在职消费具有薪酬补偿与利益侵占的双刃剑效应,其对企业绩效的影响方向及程度是这两股作用力的博弈结果,而这两种效应的发挥又受到管理层激励与约束程度的影响。为探索在职消费的业绩影响,分别以显性激励水平和管理层权利为标准分情境讨论了在职消费的双刃剑效应,研究发现:在管理层显性激励水平相对越低的情境下,在职消费越能有效提高企业绩效,在职消费的薪酬补偿效应越显著;在管理层约束程度越弱的情境下,在职消费对企业绩效产生负向影响,在职消费的利益侵占效应越显著;与民企相比,国企在职消费所发挥的薪酬补偿效应更大。

面向回归测试的代码变更影响度量模型

软件待测版本相对上一个版本的代码变更,会对已有特性带来潜在的质量风险,这一风险水平直接与回归测试用例的优先级相关联.回归测试设计过程中的一个重要问题是如何衡量代码变更对回归测试用例优先级的影响.本文在回归测试用例优先级评估模型的基础上,从测试覆盖的角度建立起回归测试用例与代码变更的直接关联,从代码整体耦合性的角度建立起回归测试用例与代码变更的间接关联,分析了代码变更对回归测试的显性影响和隐性影响,进而结合回归测试用例优先级的评估要求提出了一个新的度量模型.实验结果显示,使用该模型度量代码变更对回归测试用例优先级的影响水平,可以得到比较全面和客观的定量结果,从而为回归测试用例优先级的评估提供有效的支持.

An Uncertain Programming Model for Land Use Structure Optimization to Promote Effectiveness of Land Use Planning

Land use structure optimization(LUSO) is an important issue for land use planning. In order for land use planning to have reasonable flexibility, uncertain optimization should be applied for LUSO. In this paper, the researcher first expounded the uncertainties of LUSO. Based on this, an interval programming model was developed, of which interval variables were to hold land use uncertainties. To solve the model, a heuristics based on Genetic Algorithm was designed according to Pareto Optimum principle with a confidence interval under given significance level to represent LUSO result. Proposed method was applied to a real case of Yangzhou, an eastern city in China. The following conclusions were reached. 1) Different forms of uncertainties ranged from certainty to indeterminacy lay in the five steps of LUSO, indicating necessary need of comprehensive approach to quantify them. 2) With regards to trade-offs of conflicted objectives and preferences to uncertainties, our proposed model displayed good ability of making planning decision process transparent, therefore providing an effective tool for flexible land use planning compiling. 3) Under uncertain conditions, land use planning effectiveness can be primarily enhanced by flexible management with reserved space to percept and hold uncertainties in advance.

Estimation of Design Sea Ice Thickness with Maximum Entropy Distribution by Particle Swarm Optimization Method

The maximum entropy distribution, which consists of various recognized theoretical distributions, is a better curve to estimate the design thickness of sea ice. Method of moment and empirical curve fitting method are common-used parameter estimation methods for maximum entropy distribution. In this study, we propose to use the particle swarm optimization method as a new parameter estimation method for the maximum entropy distribution, which has the advantage to avoid deviation introduced by simplifications made in other methods. We conducted a case study to fit the hindcasted thickness of the sea ice in the Liaodong Bay of Bohai Sea using these three parameter-estimation methods for the maximum entropy distribution. All methods implemented in this study pass the K-S tests at 0.05 significant level. In terms of the average sum of deviation squares, the empirical curve fitting method provides the best fit for the original data, while the method of moment provides the worst. Among all three methods, the particle swarm optimization method predicts the largest thickness of the sea ice for a same return period. As a result, we recommend using the particle swarm optimization method for the maximum entropy distribution for offshore structures mainly influenced by the sea ice in winter, but using the empirical curve fitting method to reduce the cost in the design of temporary and economic buildings.

Causal Relationship Model of Firm Characteristics Factors and Good Cooperate Governance Affecting the Performance of the Companies Listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand

The objective of this research was to develop the causal relationship model of firm characteristics factors and good corporate governance affecting the performance of the companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. The developed model consisted of three latent variables and eight observable variables. The sample of this study was 338 companies listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand. Data are from annual reports （form-56）, annual financial statements and notes to the fmancial statements during the years 2010-2013. The statistics used in this study were descriptive statistics. The causal model was analyzed through a path analysis with LISREL 8.80 Student Edition. The results showed as follows. By testing the consistence of the causal model of finn characteristics （CHA）, the assumed model was consistent with empirical data. Based on the statistical test, the Chi-Square was 22.08. The statistical probability （p） was 0.077, the degree of freedom （dO was to 0, 2/2 was 1.58, RMSEA was 0.041, SRMR was 0.037, GFI was 0.98, CFI was 0.99, AGFI was 0.96. The latent variable of firm characteristics （CHA） had directly negative impact on performance （PAL） with a statistical significance level of 0.01. A path coefficient was 0.18. However, CHA variable did not indirectly influence performance （PAL） and it had directly negative impact on good corporate governance （GGN） with a path coefficient of 0.02 without statistical significance level. The latent variable of good corporate governance （GGN） had directly positive impact on the performance （PAL） with a statistical significance level of 0.05, with a path coefficient of 0.18.

Effect of Gender and Developmental Periods on Aggression Tendencies of Turkish Students： A Study of Meta-analysis

With this study, it is aimed at examining the effect of the gender and developmental phases on the aggression tendencies of the Turkish students. In this context, the meta-analysis of the studies existing in the literature and covering the Turkish students has been conducted. The examined researches to be included in the analysis have been identified in accordance with certain criteria. As criteria, the following conditions have been sought： inclusion of the studies published between 2004 and 2015, inclusion of child, adolescent, and young adult students in the sample, giving the validity and reliability studies of the measuring tools, the studies being obtained from sources of the published theses and articles; and in the data, the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and sample size being given. In the research, gender has been found effective on the general aggression scores, at significant level （EDavg = .280, p 〈 .01）, and against males at medium level. The general aggression scores from the moderator variables have been found to have a medium level of effect （EDavg = .402, p 〈 .01） on the childhood period, and to have the greatest effect against males.

Automatic modeling together with numerical simulation of the different-scale microstructures of human tooth enamels

The present paper aims to develop an automatical strategy for generating accurate different-scale microstructures of human tooth enamels(HTEs),and to elaborate a numerical scheme for simulating their elastic responses.At first,the strong governing formulation of these microstructures is briefly constructed,and the relevant weak formulation is then deduced based on the virtual work theorem.Afterwards,a subdividing approach,which cuts the elements intercepted by the interfaces between distinct phases automatically,is established with the aid of the level set method(LSM),and the discrete counterpart of the governing formula is obtained by combining the weak formulation derived and a discretized model.To be noted,two silent merits are found when the elaborated strategy is applied:(1) the continents constituting the microstructures of different scales can be arbitrarily-shaped and conveniently reproduced;(2) the periodic boundary condition commonly employed can be enforced on the external surfaces of representative unit cells(RUCs) with no difficulty.Besides,a boundary value problem(BVP) involving a simplified HTE nanostructure is designed,analytically solved,and hereafter applied to verify the correctness of the proposed strategy.It is observed that both the displacement and stress predictions by the computational approach are in good agreement with the relevant analytical results irrespective of the material combinations applied.Eventually,discussions are made on the influence of material organizations of both the 2D and 3D HTE microstructures at the ultrastructural and repeated rod levels,and some concluding remarks are drawn.