隐性知识外显案例匹配双维改进

隐性知识对知识应用与创新意义重大,为此设计一套隐性知识外显案例匹配算法。基于RS-PSO算法对案例匹配空间进行纵向压缩,得到最优条件属性集;采用聚合距离参数改进FCM算法,增强聚类效果并对案例匹配空间实施横向压缩;融合条件属性间关联特性以及知识用户主观偏好,引入Choquet模糊积分通过非线性规划模型求解案例视图;在此基础之上,考虑直觉模糊数自有信息量,兼顾相似度与关联度以确定匹配结果。算例结果表明,相较于传统匹配算法,其具有比较优势。

地铁施工工人不安全行为知识可视化研究

为改善地铁施工行为的安全培训效果,利用现场照片,研究工人不安全行为知识可视化机制。通过整理安全标准等显性安全知识,对施工工人的不安全行为进行分类,并利用工作危害性分析(JHA)和语句相似度计算相结合的方法,显化现场照片中包含的施工工人隐性不安全行为知识。设计施工工人不安全行为可视化系统,采集和存储显化的行为风险照片。将此系统应用于以起重吊装类不安全行为"起重吊装过程中,施工工人进入危险区域"的显化研究。算例结果表明:通过相似度计算对比,包含JHA确定的影响因素的照片描述,能有效匹配所反映的施工工人不安全行为。

基于“蜂鸣-管道”理论的显、隐性知识流动与影响机理对比研究

知识流动的空间效应一直是经济地理学关注的重要议题,然而显、隐性知识流动时空表征及影响机理的差异对比有待明晰。本文以中国生物医药产业为例,采用2001—2020年专利转让和企业人员连锁任职分别衡量显、隐性知识流动,并在Bathelt等提出的“蜂鸣-管道”理论模型上进行拓展应用,对比其时空表征和影响机理。结果显示:①从组合模式来看,显性知识流动以“蜂鸣”和“管道”并重,隐性知识流动以“蜂鸣”为主、“管道”为辅;地理距离对隐性知识“管道”流动的摩擦效应强于显性知识。②显、隐性知识的“蜂鸣”和“管道”流动均表现出显著的空间非均衡性,其中显性知识流动的空间偏向性强于隐性知识;显、隐性知识“蜂鸣”和“管道”流动的城市极化现象严重,少数城市主导着知识流动网络的权力体系。③知识“蜂鸣”和“管道”流动两种模式的影响机理不同,“蜂鸣”流动主要受科技与知识类因素和城市行政等级因素的显著影响,而经济与市场类因素的影响相对较为片面。“管道”流动通过经济与市场类因素发挥“同配性”作用,科技与知识类因素则发挥“异配性”的互补作用,地理邻近、认知邻近和制度邻近因素对显、隐性知识“管道”流动均起促进作用。

基于虚拟学习社区的知识管理理论研究

随着网络技术的发展,计算机应用得到普及,信息化教学已经引领教育潮流。阐述了虚拟学习社区知识管理基本理论,归纳了虚拟学习社区知识管理共性、显隐性知识之间的转化,指出了存在的不足,探讨了虚拟学习社区知识管理的作用。

形式聚焦和全形式教学法对初中英语一般现在时习得的影响研究

在交际课堂上,形式聚焦和全形式教学法对外语语法教学的效果问题学者们意见分歧。通过实证探讨了这两种教学法对初中生英语动词一般现在时习得效果的影响,结果发现:形式聚焦教学法对被试英语动词一般现在时的隐性知识习得效果更好,两组被试的后测结果差异性显著,但存在局部差异。形式聚焦教学法对被试实义动词第三人称单数的习得效果好于全形式教学法,两组差异显著;对被试“be”动词和助动词不同现在时形式的习得影响,形式聚焦和全形式教学法对比差异不明显。两种教学法对被试习得英语动词一般现在时的显性知识都有积极影响,但形式聚焦教学法的效果更好。

英语较高水平学习者口笔语一般过去时使用准确度差异研究

本文旨在研究英语较高水平学习者口笔语一般过去时使用准确度差异。依据六位较高水平英语学习者的口语和笔语语料分析表明，即使对于较高水平学习者，口笔语之间也存在准确度差异，即口语准确度低于笔语准确度。学习者对监控器的使用程度及知识水平的不同也可能影响其准确度。

Protocol Based Approach for Tacit to Explicit Knowledge Conversion

In the knowledge management domain, the conversion of tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge is critical because it is a prerequisite to the knowledge amplification process wherein knowledge becomes part of an organization＇s knowledge network. Although codified knowledge and its capture is commonplace, tacit knowledge has up until recent years proved elusive in its inclusion within the organization＇s knowledge base. In this paper, the conversion process has been dealt with the help of protocols. It is learned that while structure may significantly improve the tacit to explicit conversion process, it also may matter how the structure is employed. It is anticipated that eventual successful modeling of such knowledge will ultimately be undertaken in several organizations with a view to improving information capture and transference.

The Effects of Recasts and Working Memory on the Development of Implicit and Explicit Knowledge

This paper aims to investigate the effects of recasts and working memory on the acquisition of Korean morphological causatives by advanced Chinese learners of Korean. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups： A experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received intensive recasts during task-based interaction, whereas the control group did not. The effects of recasts were measured by two types of tests： An elicited imitation test, as a measure of implicit knowledge, and an untimed grammaticality judgment test, as a measure of explicit knowledge. The findings are as follows. First, from the pretest to the delayed posttest, recasts facilitated the learners＇ acquisition of causative construction by developing both their implicit and explicit knowledge. Second, the results of delayed posttests showed that recasts were more effective in aiding the development of implicit knowledge than explicit knowledge. Third, working memory was found to be a significant covariate in the facilitative effects of recasts on explicit knowledge; that is, it mediated the development of explicit knowledge via recasts as a significant individual difference factor. The effects of recasts were maintained even when the impact of working memory was controlled. （189 words）