In this paper, we focus our grammar studies on two early Cantonese literature contexts： Huajian Ji （花菚記, 1714） and Yue Ou （粤謳, 1820）. Two aspect markers, the experience aspect marker ＂gwo 過＂ and the durat...In this paper, we focus our grammar studies on two early Cantonese literature contexts： Huajian Ji （花菚記, 1714） and Yue Ou （粤謳, 1820）. Two aspect markers, the experience aspect marker ＂gwo 過＂ and the duration aspect marker ＂dzy 住＂, in these two Cantonese books show different characteristics from oral Cantonese today. ＂Gwo＂, mostly used as an aspect marker of＂experience＂ and ＂repeat＂ in verbal expression, had the usage of＂unhappened experience＂ in the old books as a connection between this two aspects. Every step of ＂dzy＂＇s grammarlization process was clearly recorded in the written materials. By comparing with the aspect markers in Mandarin Chinese, the usage of the completion aspect marker ＂liu 了＂ found in these two books was also discussed. We argue the importance of literature context in diachronical grammar studies of dialect.展开更多
EGP and ESP teaching is one of the key factors for talent cultivation in the independent colleges. EGP teaching in the de- pendent colleges takes key and ordinary universities as models; however, there is a huge gap o...EGP and ESP teaching is one of the key factors for talent cultivation in the independent colleges. EGP teaching in the de- pendent colleges takes key and ordinary universities as models; however, there is a huge gap of students＇ English level between in the in- dependent colleges and in key and ordinary universities. For the characteristics of teaching in language as the model in the independent colleges, it is important to define how to carry out EGP and ESP. EGP is the platform of ESP. ESP designing and implementing must be linked with EGP, and based on the talent-training goal as the core.展开更多
基金This research is financially supported by the Youth Program of National Social Science Foundation of China （Grant No 10CYY008）.
文摘In this paper, we focus our grammar studies on two early Cantonese literature contexts： Huajian Ji （花菚記, 1714） and Yue Ou （粤謳, 1820）. Two aspect markers, the experience aspect marker ＂gwo 過＂ and the duration aspect marker ＂dzy 住＂, in these two Cantonese books show different characteristics from oral Cantonese today. ＂Gwo＂, mostly used as an aspect marker of＂experience＂ and ＂repeat＂ in verbal expression, had the usage of＂unhappened experience＂ in the old books as a connection between this two aspects. Every step of ＂dzy＂＇s grammarlization process was clearly recorded in the written materials. By comparing with the aspect markers in Mandarin Chinese, the usage of the completion aspect marker ＂liu 了＂ found in these two books was also discussed. We argue the importance of literature context in diachronical grammar studies of dialect.
文摘EGP and ESP teaching is one of the key factors for talent cultivation in the independent colleges. EGP teaching in the de- pendent colleges takes key and ordinary universities as models; however, there is a huge gap of students＇ English level between in the in- dependent colleges and in key and ordinary universities. For the characteristics of teaching in language as the model in the independent colleges, it is important to define how to carry out EGP and ESP. EGP is the platform of ESP. ESP designing and implementing must be linked with EGP, and based on the talent-training goal as the core.
