This paper deals with the imperatives of nature-society interaction in the Himalayas as seen through CPR (Common Property Resources). It specifically looks at the process and factors that characterize the dynamics of ...This paper deals with the imperatives of nature-society interaction in the Himalayas as seen through CPR (Common Property Resources). It specifically looks at the process and factors that characterize the dynamics of the above interactions, with particular reference to the changing status and governance of CPRs at community levels. The paper puts together the synthesis of observations and inferences of different studies by ICIMOD and others in mountain regions, particularly in different parts of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China and Pakistan. Rural CPRs (providing sustenance supplies and services) as an important component of a community’s natural resource base, manifest the institutional arrangements evolved by the communities to facilitate their adaptations to nature. The above process can be more clearly illustrated with reference to specific characteristics of mountain areas, called mountain specificities. However, over time, the situation of CPRs in terms of their extent and status, governance and management as well as contributions to community sustenance, has changed. The paper attempts toindicate potential lead lines for searching options for rehabilitation of CPRs, based on a closer under- standing of the factors contributing to their decline.展开更多
College Physical Education is a teaching model which helps university students masters the basic knowledge, basic theory, basic skills and technology further so as to enhance their integrated abilities and levels of p...College Physical Education is a teaching model which helps university students masters the basic knowledge, basic theory, basic skills and technology further so as to enhance their integrated abilities and levels of physical education. In recent years, under the joint efforts of government departments, schools and society, the reform of college physical education comes to show effects. China＇ s sports undertaking has become increasingly important in the social life and higher education. However, because of the effects of objective and subjective factors, there are some problems yet to be solved in the process of reform. This paper aims to analysis the problems existing in the work of University Physical Education Reform and proposes some targeted solutions to it.展开更多
文摘This paper deals with the imperatives of nature-society interaction in the Himalayas as seen through CPR (Common Property Resources). It specifically looks at the process and factors that characterize the dynamics of the above interactions, with particular reference to the changing status and governance of CPRs at community levels. The paper puts together the synthesis of observations and inferences of different studies by ICIMOD and others in mountain regions, particularly in different parts of Nepal, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, China and Pakistan. Rural CPRs (providing sustenance supplies and services) as an important component of a community’s natural resource base, manifest the institutional arrangements evolved by the communities to facilitate their adaptations to nature. The above process can be more clearly illustrated with reference to specific characteristics of mountain areas, called mountain specificities. However, over time, the situation of CPRs in terms of their extent and status, governance and management as well as contributions to community sustenance, has changed. The paper attempts toindicate potential lead lines for searching options for rehabilitation of CPRs, based on a closer under- standing of the factors contributing to their decline.
文摘College Physical Education is a teaching model which helps university students masters the basic knowledge, basic theory, basic skills and technology further so as to enhance their integrated abilities and levels of physical education. In recent years, under the joint efforts of government departments, schools and society, the reform of college physical education comes to show effects. China＇ s sports undertaking has become increasingly important in the social life and higher education. However, because of the effects of objective and subjective factors, there are some problems yet to be solved in the process of reform. This paper aims to analysis the problems existing in the work of University Physical Education Reform and proposes some targeted solutions to it.
