中国500强企业的愿景:内涵、有效性与影响因素

企业愿景是企业战略的核心内容,为企业的发展指明了方向。本研究发现,中国500强企业中有421家提出了目标愿景,其中260家明确提出了世界级的愿景,其关注焦点以"提升国际竞争力"为主,致力于打造"世界一流"企业。世界级愿景企业和非世界级愿景企业在愿景关注焦点上都是以竞争成长目标为主,但是非世界级愿景企业在其他两种类型(形象理念构筑和平衡发展目标)上的比例相比世界级愿景企业要高。企业规模、所有制及行业特点都对企业愿景的表达有显著地影响。另外,企业愿景表达与企业成长性之间具有一定相关关系,相比无愿景企业和非世界级愿景企业,世界级愿景企业有更高的成长性。

重症监护病房探视制度的研究进展

探视制度普遍应用于重症监护病房(ICU)中,在ICU内实施探视制度可满足患者和家属需求、改善患者不良情绪并提高其满意度.然而国内外目前开展的ICU探视模式各不相同,本文总结了国内外现有的ICU探视模式(包括限制性探视、非限制性探视即以患者家庭为中心的探视和新型探视),并分析现有探视模式在ICU内实施的影响因素,总结为感染预防与控制、ICU护理人员、ICU患者和家属,从而为发展适合我国的探视模式提供参考.

眼科术后感染性眼内炎影响因素及其病原学分析的临床研究

目的探讨眼科手术后感染性眼内炎影响因素及其病原学。方法选取2014年1月至2023年12月于山西省眼科医院收治的眼科手术后感染性眼内炎患者65例(65只眼)和同期相同术式非眼内炎患者195例(195只眼)作为研究对象。其中,男性156例(156只眼),女性104例(104只眼);年龄4~88岁,平均年龄(65.2±10.0)岁。收集患者的基础资料、术前检查结果、感染后检查结果、术后用药情况、病原菌、治疗方法及预后等资料。平均年龄、住院时间、身体质量指数及感染症状出现时间符合正态分布以x±s表示,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;吸烟史、饮酒史、合并糖尿病、合并高血压、合并高血脂、严重疾病史、术前血红蛋白低、术前血清白蛋白低、术前未按规范使用抗菌滴眼液、日间手术、急诊手术、全身麻醉手术、术前有身体其他感染病灶、术后眼污染史及术后未规范使用抗菌滴眼液等计数资料,以例数和百分比表示。不同病原菌患者预后视力不符合正态分布采用中位数和四分位间距[M(IQR)]描述。眼内炎感染的危险因素分析采用多因素Logistic回归分析。结果65例(65只眼)感染性眼内炎患者中男性39例(39只眼),女性26例(26只眼);左眼28例(28只眼),右眼37例(37只眼);手术类型白内障手术51例(51只眼),玻璃体切割术2例(2只眼),玻璃体切割联合白内障手术6例(6只眼),青光眼联合白内障手术4例(4只眼),玻璃体腔药物注射2例(2只眼);手术三级医院24例(24只眼),二级医院31例(31只眼),民营医院10例(10只眼);超急性眼内炎40例(40只眼),亚急性眼内炎25例(25只眼),无慢性眼内炎。感染性眼内炎患者的平均年龄、住院时间及身体质量指数分别为(66.4±14.7)岁、(3.29±1.45)d及(24.41±2.09)kg/m2;非感染性眼内炎者分别为(64.8±7.8)岁、(3.06±0.97)d及(24.00±2.24)kg/m2,其差异无统计学意义(t=1.171,1.154,0.261;P>0.05)。感染性眼内炎患者的吸烟史、饮酒史、合并糖尿病、合并高血压、合并高血脂、严重疾病史、术前血红蛋白低、术前血清白蛋白低、术前未按规范使用抗菌滴眼液、日间手术、急诊手术、全身麻醉手术、术前有身体其他感染病灶、术后眼污染史及术后未规范使用抗菌滴眼液分别有28例(28只眼)、19例(19只眼)、42例(42只眼)、29例(29只眼)、23例(23只眼)、21例(21只眼)、12例(12只眼)、20例(20只眼)、5例(5只眼)、28例(28只眼)、3例(3只眼)、2例(2只眼)、6例(6只眼)、10例(10只眼)及4例(4只眼),分别占43.08%、29.23%、64.62%、44.62%、35.38%、32.31%、18.46%、30.77%、7.69%、43.08%、4.62%、3.08%、9.23%、15.38%及6.15%;非感染性眼内炎者分别有101例(101只眼)、62例(62只眼)、79例(79只眼)、58例(58只眼)、63例(63只眼)、22例(22只眼)、30例(30只眼)、19例(19只眼)、8例(8只眼)、93例(93只眼)、11例(11只眼)、4例(4只眼)、9例(9只眼)、12例(12只眼)及9例(9只眼),分别占51.79%、31.79%、40.51%、29.74%、32.31%、11.28%、15.38%、9.74%、4.10%、47.69%、5.64%、2.05%、4.62%、6.15%及4.62%。经多元Logistic回归分析,合并糖尿病、术前血清白蛋白低、严重疾病史及术后眼污染史是患者术后发生感染性眼内炎的危险因素(OR=2.039,3.021,2.803,3.095;P<0.05)。65例(65只眼)感染患者中标本检出病原菌41株,无真菌感染病例,检出率为63.08%。其中,G+杆菌1株、G+球菌26株及G-杆菌14株,分别占2.44%、63.41%及34.15%。65例(65只眼)患者术后感染症状出现时间为(4.48±4.46)d。其中,眼结膜充血、眼痛、异物感及伴视力模糊者53例(53只眼)、55例(55只眼)、35例(35只眼)及62例(62只眼),分别占81.53%、84.62%、53.85%及95.38%。G+菌、G-菌及无菌生长患者的感染症状出现时间分别为(3.56±1.71)d、(1.85±1.21)d及(4.87±3.75)d。65例(65只眼)患者中行玻璃体腔注射、前房灌洗联合玻璃体腔注射、玻璃体切除术及眼球摘除患者分别有4例(4只眼)、分别占15.38%、6.15%、75.38%及3.08%。G+菌、G-菌及无菌生长患者的预后视力分别为3.00(1.65)、1.00(1.50)及3.30(2.40)。结论糖尿病、术前血清白蛋白低、严重疾病史及术后眼污染史均可能增加眼科手术部位感染风险,不同致病菌对术后感染症状出现时间和视力预后有影响。

造血干细胞移植患者服药自我管理的研究进展

服药自我管理强调患者准备和使用药物,并在一段时间内维持药物安全使用,以成功管理自身治疗方案,可影响造血干细胞移植患者的短期和长期预后。准确评估患者的服药依从性,可帮助医护人员了解患者用药的适当性、有效性和安全性,及时调整治疗方案,也可为造血干细胞移植患者制订服药自我管理方案提供依据。该文从造血干细胞移植患者服药自我管理的影响因素、评估工具及干预策略3方面对造血干细胞移植患者服药自我管理进行综述,以期为开展相关研究提供参考。

Influencing Factors of Seed Long-distance Dispersal on a Fragmented Forest Landscape on Changbai Mountains,China

Seed long-distance dispersal(LDD) events are typically rare, but are important in the population processes that determine large-scale forest changes and the persistence of species in fragmented landscapes. However, previous studies focused on species dispersed via animal-mediated LDD, and ignored those dispersed by wind. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of canopy openness, edge, seed source, and patch tree density on the LDD of seeds by wind in forest. We collected birch seeds, a typical wind-dispersed species, throughout a larch plantation. We then assessed the relationship between birch LDD and each factor that may influence LDD of seeds by wind including distance to edge, canopy openness size, distance to mature forest, and the tree density of the larch plantation. We used univariate linear regression analysis to assess the influence of those factors on birch LDD, and partial correlations to calculate the contribution of each factor to LDD. The results showed that both canopy openness and edge had significant influences on birch LDD. Specifically, a negative relationship was observed between distance to edge and birch LDD, whereas there was a positive correlation between canopy openness size and LDD. In contrast, the distance to the mature forest was not correlated with birch LDD. Our results suggest that patch tree density could potently affect the probability of LDD by wind vectors, which provides novel and revealing insights regarding the effect of fragmentation on wind dynamics. The data also provide compelling evidence for the previously undocumented effect of habitat fragmentation on wind-dispersed organisms. As such, these observations will facilitate reasonable conservation planning, which requires a detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which patch properties hamper the delivery of seeds of wind-dispersed plants to fragmented areas.

Crime and Race： A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of Hispanic Males and Criminality

The focus of this study is the critical analysis of data related to Hispanic males and criminality, Factors, such as marital status, income level, age, and police contact, are measureable entities that are at the core of the statistical ,analysis, A cross-disciplinary approach provides a cultural context for the statistical world of numbers, The socially conflicting terms of masculinity and maleness will lead to a discussion of macho behavior and criminaliW, Macho behavior, often interpreted as aggressive, may arouse police suspicion, In this case, the police will stop Hispanic males because of their behavior, not necessarily because they committed a crime, This study will show that the cycle of poverty prevents Hispanic males of low-income families from contacting with the police, whereas uneducated Hispanic males must confirm their masculinity in a criminal behavior, CriminaliW, often associated with violence as machismo, is the social over compensation for a male inferiority complex that finds its origin in the Spanish conquest of South America,

Aesthetic Perception of Residential Landscapes in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province

The aesthetic perceptions of local residents towards residential landscapes are significant to the protection and sustainable development of regional landscapes, especially in underdeveloped areas with landscape resources of higher aesthetic value. Using Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province as a case study, we conducted questionnaires with 620 local residents and a logistic regression model to determine aesthetic perceptions and factors affecting these perceptions. We found that local residents in Nujiang hold a relatively high perception of their residential landscapes. A majority of respondents, 75.81%, believe their residential landscapes are beautiful. Eight factors were found to influence the aesthetic perception. In direct influential factors, administrative village located in the protected areas and the standard deviation of the elevation around the administrative village have positive influence; distance from administrative village to county town, the ecological environment has changed in recent years, whether tourism development has a negative impact and wish to live in the city have negative influence. In indirect influential factors, both residential house type and have a television at home have positive influence. Based on these results, we discussed relevant policy suggestions to maintain the aesthetic perceptions held by local residents of their residential landscapes and promote the protection and sustainable development of this valuable landscape in Nujiang.

Spatial and Temporal Distribution Characteristics of Flower-viewing Tourism and Its Influencing Factors in China

Despite the rapid development of flower-viewing tourism in China in recent years,there is almost no systematic research on it.Therefore,this study analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of flower-viewing tourism and its influencing factors in China using the spatial statistical analysis methods and the geographic detector method.The study uses the Point-of-Interest data of flower-viewing tourist attractions from networks such as Qunar and Ctrip,the flower observation data from China Phenological Observation Network,Chinese network news,and Weibo,and the statistical data from yearbooks.The results are as follows:1)The spatial attribution type of flower-viewing tourism in China is aggregated into areas,including two high-density aggregated areas,three medium-density aggregated areas,and one general-density aggregated area.Furthermore,five major types of flower-viewing tourist attractions have formed several aggregated areas.2)The time of flower viewing in China starts from about February and lasts about eight months till October each year.Florescence and flowering time of different ornamental flowers in different regions are different.3)The spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of flower-viewing tourism in China are mainly affected by ornamental flower phenology,spatial distribution characteristics of flower-viewing resources,regional permanent population size,youth population size,female population size,regional GDP,and added value of the tertiary sector.These conclusions clarify the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of flower-viewing tourism and its influencing factors in China.They could provide a scientific basis and useful reference for the coordination and sustainable development of regional flower-viewing tourism in China.

Repeated Compton scattering in a strong magnetic field

Repeated scatterings of unpolarized photons by non-relativistic electrons in a static and uniform magnetic field are investigated by using the Boltzmann equation with quantum mechanical correction factors for the stimulated scattering effects.The resulting Kompaneets equation depends explicitly on the electron cyclotron frequency and the incidence angle of the incoming photons relative to the direction of the magnetic field.The evolutionary behavior of the photon spectrum and energy density is highly anisotropic with respect to the static external magnetic field.Possible applications of our results to the X-ray emission from compact and massive stellar objects are discussed in detail and those to the interaction of the microwave background radiation with the hot electrons in galactic clusters are discussed briefly.