The objective evaluation to the terrace cultural landscape heritage value can provide targeted scientific basis for continuation of terrace culture landscape and establishment of protection measures. On the basis of f...The objective evaluation to the terrace cultural landscape heritage value can provide targeted scientific basis for continuation of terrace culture landscape and establishment of protection measures. On the basis of field investigation, expert consultation and literature review, combined with the AVC （Attraction、Vitality and Ca-pacity）theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evalu-ation, the terrace cultural landscape heritage protection evaluation system and eval-uation model, which selects 22 indicators from three levels including terrace culture landscape resources attraction, resources vitality and resources bearing capacity were structured. Based on col ection of data, material from field survey of China＆#39;s most representative Yunnan Yuanyang Hani terrace, Hunan Ziquejie terrace and Longsheng Longji terrace and relevant mathematical calculation to determine evalua-tion index weights, organical y combined of qualitative with quantitative analysis, the diversity, reasonableness and accuracy of evaluation system is improved. Compre-hensive result of mathematical statistics showed that the rank of the cultural land-scape heritage value with the three most representative terraces in southern China is： γ（Hani）〉γ（Longji）〉γ（Ziquejie）.展开更多
Natural landscapes consist of the natural substances, environment, and phenomena, all of which provide many benefits to people, including a sense of place, sightseeing, relaxing, and recuperating. However, the economi...Natural landscapes consist of the natural substances, environment, and phenomena, all of which provide many benefits to people, including a sense of place, sightseeing, relaxing, and recuperating. However, the economic value of natural landscapes has only been recognized in recent decades, and the resulting large-scale decline and degradation of ecosystems now severely threatens the sustainable provision of their services to society. There is an emerging consensus that natural capital should be incorporated into the current socioeconomic accounting system. Many studies valuated natural resources at local and regional scales, but there are very few empirical studies at a national level. To provide a benchmark for natural landscape management on a national scale, we use the travel cost method(TCM) and the contingent valuation method(CVM) to determine the economic value and the spatial distribution of natural landscapes across China. Our results show that the total economic value of China′s natural landscape was 9.75 × 10^(11) U.S. dollars(USD) in 2012. Of this value, the highest proportion was in the eastern and southwestern regions of China, which accounts for 23.7% and 18.3%, respectively. The provinces of Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, and Heilongjiang were the top five in terms of the largest number of natural landscapes and largest economic values. Together, these five provinces accounted for 32.9% of the total number of natural landscapes and 29.4% of the total economic value in 2012. We believe this study will increase awareness of the value of natural landscapes, and more importantly provide a scientific basis for resolving conflicts between development and resource conservation.展开更多
This study explained the importance of environmental protection in tourism development and illustrated the relationship between recreational resource valuation and environmental consideration.We compare different mode...This study explained the importance of environmental protection in tourism development and illustrated the relationship between recreational resource valuation and environmental consideration.We compare different models of travel cost method and reiterates long-time existing problems of multi-destination and treats of time opportunity cost(TOC).Taking Jiayuguan's cultural sights as an example,we establish an updated method called multidestination zonal tourism cost method to evaluate the recreational values(RVs) of selected three cultural sights.We divide trip packages of Jiayuguan's tourists into 11 portfolios.Each portfolio can be seen as a separate commodity,and each commodity has its own demand curve.According to demand curves we can calculate consumer surplus(CS) of different portfolios of tourist destinations and later we sum up the total travel costs(including travel expenditure and TOC) and CS to come to the RVs of each portfolio.We then apply suitable proportions to calculate the RVs between different destinations in the portfolio.In the end,we add up all the RVs calculated for the objective destination.Using this method,we draw conclusions that Jiayuguan's RV in 2006 includes national and international values,summing up to 738.4762 million yuan.The tourist expenditure,CS and TOC of Jiayuguan is proportionating 62.96,32.28 and 4.76%,respectively.This study is also an example of non-market valuation of cultural tourism resources.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangxi Scientific Research and Technology Development Program(14124005-2-4)Youth Tourism Expert Training Program of National Tourism Administration Operation System(TYETP201548,TYETP201445)+2 种基金Guangxi Education Department Qualification and Postgraduate Education Reform and Development Program(JGY2014077)Guangxi Superior and Characteristic Key Subject Open-end Fund(LYKF05)Guilin S&T Research and Development Program(20150110-5)~~
文摘The objective evaluation to the terrace cultural landscape heritage value can provide targeted scientific basis for continuation of terrace culture landscape and establishment of protection measures. On the basis of field investigation, expert consultation and literature review, combined with the AVC （Attraction、Vitality and Ca-pacity）theory and Analytic Hierarchy Process based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evalu-ation, the terrace cultural landscape heritage protection evaluation system and eval-uation model, which selects 22 indicators from three levels including terrace culture landscape resources attraction, resources vitality and resources bearing capacity were structured. Based on col ection of data, material from field survey of China＆#39;s most representative Yunnan Yuanyang Hani terrace, Hunan Ziquejie terrace and Longsheng Longji terrace and relevant mathematical calculation to determine evalua-tion index weights, organical y combined of qualitative with quantitative analysis, the diversity, reasonableness and accuracy of evaluation system is improved. Compre-hensive result of mathematical statistics showed that the rank of the cultural land-scape heritage value with the three most representative terraces in southern China is： γ（Hani）〉γ（Longji）〉γ（Ziquejie）.
基金Under the auspices of National Science and Technology Support Program(No.2011BAC09B08-02)
文摘Natural landscapes consist of the natural substances, environment, and phenomena, all of which provide many benefits to people, including a sense of place, sightseeing, relaxing, and recuperating. However, the economic value of natural landscapes has only been recognized in recent decades, and the resulting large-scale decline and degradation of ecosystems now severely threatens the sustainable provision of their services to society. There is an emerging consensus that natural capital should be incorporated into the current socioeconomic accounting system. Many studies valuated natural resources at local and regional scales, but there are very few empirical studies at a national level. To provide a benchmark for natural landscape management on a national scale, we use the travel cost method(TCM) and the contingent valuation method(CVM) to determine the economic value and the spatial distribution of natural landscapes across China. Our results show that the total economic value of China′s natural landscape was 9.75 × 10^(11) U.S. dollars(USD) in 2012. Of this value, the highest proportion was in the eastern and southwestern regions of China, which accounts for 23.7% and 18.3%, respectively. The provinces of Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Inner Mongolia, and Heilongjiang were the top five in terms of the largest number of natural landscapes and largest economic values. Together, these five provinces accounted for 32.9% of the total number of natural landscapes and 29.4% of the total economic value in 2012. We believe this study will increase awareness of the value of natural landscapes, and more importantly provide a scientific basis for resolving conflicts between development and resource conservation.
基金support of Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (Grantno.170170)
文摘This study explained the importance of environmental protection in tourism development and illustrated the relationship between recreational resource valuation and environmental consideration.We compare different models of travel cost method and reiterates long-time existing problems of multi-destination and treats of time opportunity cost(TOC).Taking Jiayuguan's cultural sights as an example,we establish an updated method called multidestination zonal tourism cost method to evaluate the recreational values(RVs) of selected three cultural sights.We divide trip packages of Jiayuguan's tourists into 11 portfolios.Each portfolio can be seen as a separate commodity,and each commodity has its own demand curve.According to demand curves we can calculate consumer surplus(CS) of different portfolios of tourist destinations and later we sum up the total travel costs(including travel expenditure and TOC) and CS to come to the RVs of each portfolio.We then apply suitable proportions to calculate the RVs between different destinations in the portfolio.In the end,we add up all the RVs calculated for the objective destination.Using this method,we draw conclusions that Jiayuguan's RV in 2006 includes national and international values,summing up to 738.4762 million yuan.The tourist expenditure,CS and TOC of Jiayuguan is proportionating 62.96,32.28 and 4.76%,respectively.This study is also an example of non-market valuation of cultural tourism resources.
