选取Web of Science核心合集数据库中的英文期刊论文,利用引文可视化分析软件CiteSpace,探究1998—2018年间西方“景观公正”议题的研究趋势。“景观公正”的刊文量呈逐年增长趋势,且研究视角多元、知识基础丰富、研究热点较明确。据研...选取Web of Science核心合集数据库中的英文期刊论文,利用引文可视化分析软件CiteSpace,探究1998—2018年间西方“景观公正”议题的研究趋势。“景观公正”的刊文量呈逐年增长趋势,且研究视角多元、知识基础丰富、研究热点较明确。据研究内容,重点文献可进一步细分为3个议题:1)景观法律法规中的公正;2)基于资源配置的政治景观中的公正;3)城市绿色空间的使用公平性。其中,城市绿色空间的使用公平性是近期的研究热点,囊括分配公正和过程公正等维度。世界范围许多城市都存在着城市绿色空间不公平分配的现象,这同财富、经济收入、种族、移民、年龄等各种因素有关。缓解不公平现象的措施相应地由“分配公正”逐渐转向“过程公正”,更多考虑居民需求,并提倡公众参与决策过程。展开更多
Facing challenges of population decline and fiscal austerity,Japan has implemented a series of initiatives to promote public-private partnerships(PPP)to ensure the sustainability of urban parks and revitalize urban sp...Facing challenges of population decline and fiscal austerity,Japan has implemented a series of initiatives to promote public-private partnerships(PPP)to ensure the sustainability of urban parks and revitalize urban spaces.These initiatives,while alleviating the government’s financial burdens on parks,have also raised concerns about the potential erosion of publicness and public interests resulted from the commercialization of public assets.This paper reviews the evolution of Japan’s urban park management system after World War II—including three phases of being purely public goods,initiating marketization,and diversifying management entities.The functions of parks have continuously enriched,and the construction,management,and operational modes have shifted from government-led towards multi-stakeholder participation,along with expanded funding sources.By examining the PPP types,driving forces,implementation mechanisms and challenges in urban park management,this paper points out that,in different eras and social contexts,the Japanese government has kept adjusting its role to maximize public interests.This has proactively updated the implications of publicness in infrastructure like urban parks,from a post-war opposite of publicness versus privateness on ownership,to the participation of private capital for a higher efficiency,and finally to a community for a stronger regional competitiveness.The reforms of urban park management system in Japan offer significant lessons and insights for urban infrastructure management in other countries and regions.展开更多
文摘选取Web of Science核心合集数据库中的英文期刊论文,利用引文可视化分析软件CiteSpace,探究1998—2018年间西方“景观公正”议题的研究趋势。“景观公正”的刊文量呈逐年增长趋势,且研究视角多元、知识基础丰富、研究热点较明确。据研究内容,重点文献可进一步细分为3个议题:1)景观法律法规中的公正;2)基于资源配置的政治景观中的公正;3)城市绿色空间的使用公平性。其中,城市绿色空间的使用公平性是近期的研究热点,囊括分配公正和过程公正等维度。世界范围许多城市都存在着城市绿色空间不公平分配的现象,这同财富、经济收入、种族、移民、年龄等各种因素有关。缓解不公平现象的措施相应地由“分配公正”逐渐转向“过程公正”,更多考虑居民需求,并提倡公众参与决策过程。
文摘Facing challenges of population decline and fiscal austerity,Japan has implemented a series of initiatives to promote public-private partnerships(PPP)to ensure the sustainability of urban parks and revitalize urban spaces.These initiatives,while alleviating the government’s financial burdens on parks,have also raised concerns about the potential erosion of publicness and public interests resulted from the commercialization of public assets.This paper reviews the evolution of Japan’s urban park management system after World War II—including three phases of being purely public goods,initiating marketization,and diversifying management entities.The functions of parks have continuously enriched,and the construction,management,and operational modes have shifted from government-led towards multi-stakeholder participation,along with expanded funding sources.By examining the PPP types,driving forces,implementation mechanisms and challenges in urban park management,this paper points out that,in different eras and social contexts,the Japanese government has kept adjusting its role to maximize public interests.This has proactively updated the implications of publicness in infrastructure like urban parks,from a post-war opposite of publicness versus privateness on ownership,to the participation of private capital for a higher efficiency,and finally to a community for a stronger regional competitiveness.The reforms of urban park management system in Japan offer significant lessons and insights for urban infrastructure management in other countries and regions.
