This report is a summary of China’s climate,as well as major weather and climate events,during 2021.In 2021,the mean temperature in China was 10.5°C,which was 1.0°C above normal(1981–2010 average)and broke...This report is a summary of China’s climate,as well as major weather and climate events,during 2021.In 2021,the mean temperature in China was 10.5°C,which was 1.0°C above normal(1981–2010 average)and broke the highest record since 1951.The annual rainfall in China was 672.1 mm,which was 6.7%above normal.Also,the annual rainfall in northern China was 40.2%above normal,which ranked second highest since 1961.The rainstorm intensity in the rainy season was strong and featured significant extremes,and disasters caused by rainstorms and flooding were more serious than the average in the past decade.In particular,the extremely strong rainstorm in Henan during July and autumn caused flooding in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River with severe consequences.Heatwaves occurred more frequently than normal,and their durations in southern China were longer than normal in summer and autumn.Phased drought was obvious,and caused serious impacts in South China.The number of generated and landfalling typhoons was lower than normal;however,Typhoon In-fa broke the record for the longest overland duration,held since 1949,and affected a wide area.Severe convective weather and extreme windy weather occurred frequently,causing serious impacts.The number of cold waves was more than normal,which caused wide-ranging extremely low temperatures in many places.Sandstorms appeared earlier than normal in 2021,and the number of strong dust storm processes was more than normal.展开更多
This report is a summary of China’s climate,as well as major weather and climate events,during 2020.In 2020,the mean air temperature in China was 10.25℃,which was 0.7℃ above normal(1981–2010 average),and the annua...This report is a summary of China’s climate,as well as major weather and climate events,during 2020.In 2020,the mean air temperature in China was 10.25℃,which was 0.7℃ above normal(1981–2010 average),and the annual rainfall was 694.8 mm,which was 10.3%above normal.In general,disasters caused by rainstorms and flooding were more serious than those by drought.In summer,southern China experienced the most severe flooding with extreme heavy rainstorms since 1998.Drought brought slight impacts and losses in China.The seasonal transition from spring to summer was earlier than normal.High temperatures occurred earlier than normal with extreme values,and lasted longer than normal in summer over the south of China.The number of landfalling typhoons was lower than normal.Cold-air processes had a wide influence and brought a substantial decrease in air temperature in local areas.Compared with the average values of the past 10 years,the affected crop area and the numbers of deaths and missing persons in 2020 were significantly smaller,while direct economic losses were slightly larger.展开更多
In this paper, climate variation is reconstructed on the basis of the chronicles of weather disasters in Japan and China. There remain many rainstorm records in southern coast of Japan, and south-eastern coast of Chin...In this paper, climate variation is reconstructed on the basis of the chronicles of weather disasters in Japan and China. There remain many rainstorm records in southern coast of Japan, and south-eastern coast of China. Both in Japan and China, many rainstorm disasters appeared in summer. But, they usually appeared one or two months later in Japan. The period of frequent windstorm damage occurrence in Little Ice Age differs among Japan and China, and it was caused by the change of atmospheric circulation. Cool summer period appeared around 1705, 1740, 1765, 1785, 1830, and 1845. It was generally cool before 1855, but it became warm after 1855. It corresponds with the sudden retreat of glaciers of European Alps.展开更多
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41875120]a National Key Research and Development Project[grant number 2017YFC1502402].
文摘This report is a summary of China’s climate,as well as major weather and climate events,during 2021.In 2021,the mean temperature in China was 10.5°C,which was 1.0°C above normal(1981–2010 average)and broke the highest record since 1951.The annual rainfall in China was 672.1 mm,which was 6.7%above normal.Also,the annual rainfall in northern China was 40.2%above normal,which ranked second highest since 1961.The rainstorm intensity in the rainy season was strong and featured significant extremes,and disasters caused by rainstorms and flooding were more serious than the average in the past decade.In particular,the extremely strong rainstorm in Henan during July and autumn caused flooding in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River with severe consequences.Heatwaves occurred more frequently than normal,and their durations in southern China were longer than normal in summer and autumn.Phased drought was obvious,and caused serious impacts in South China.The number of generated and landfalling typhoons was lower than normal;however,Typhoon In-fa broke the record for the longest overland duration,held since 1949,and affected a wide area.Severe convective weather and extreme windy weather occurred frequently,causing serious impacts.The number of cold waves was more than normal,which caused wide-ranging extremely low temperatures in many places.Sandstorms appeared earlier than normal in 2021,and the number of strong dust storm processes was more than normal.
基金This work was jointly supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 41875120 and 41605069]the National Key Research and Development Project[grant number 2017YFC1502402].
文摘This report is a summary of China’s climate,as well as major weather and climate events,during 2020.In 2020,the mean air temperature in China was 10.25℃,which was 0.7℃ above normal(1981–2010 average),and the annual rainfall was 694.8 mm,which was 10.3%above normal.In general,disasters caused by rainstorms and flooding were more serious than those by drought.In summer,southern China experienced the most severe flooding with extreme heavy rainstorms since 1998.Drought brought slight impacts and losses in China.The seasonal transition from spring to summer was earlier than normal.High temperatures occurred earlier than normal with extreme values,and lasted longer than normal in summer over the south of China.The number of landfalling typhoons was lower than normal.Cold-air processes had a wide influence and brought a substantial decrease in air temperature in local areas.Compared with the average values of the past 10 years,the affected crop area and the numbers of deaths and missing persons in 2020 were significantly smaller,while direct economic losses were slightly larger.
文摘In this paper, climate variation is reconstructed on the basis of the chronicles of weather disasters in Japan and China. There remain many rainstorm records in southern coast of Japan, and south-eastern coast of China. Both in Japan and China, many rainstorm disasters appeared in summer. But, they usually appeared one or two months later in Japan. The period of frequent windstorm damage occurrence in Little Ice Age differs among Japan and China, and it was caused by the change of atmospheric circulation. Cool summer period appeared around 1705, 1740, 1765, 1785, 1830, and 1845. It was generally cool before 1855, but it became warm after 1855. It corresponds with the sudden retreat of glaciers of European Alps.
