Combining wavelet transforms with conventional log differential curves is used to identify fractured sections is a new idea.In this paper,we first compute the mother wavelet transform of conventional logs and the wave...Combining wavelet transforms with conventional log differential curves is used to identify fractured sections is a new idea.In this paper,we first compute the mother wavelet transform of conventional logs and the wavelet decomposed signals are compared with fractures identified from image logs to determine the fracture-matched mother wavelet.Then the mother wavelet-based decomposed signal combined with the differential curves of conventional well logs create a fracture indicator curve,identifying the fractured zone.Finally the fracture density can be precisely evaluated by the linear relationship of the indicator curve and image log fracture density.This method has been successfully used to evaluate igneous reservoir fractures in the southern Songnan basin and the calculated density from the indicator curve and density from image logs are both basically consistent.展开更多
To investigate the variation law of pericarp tenderness in growth progress of super sweet corn kernel, the values of pericarp tenderness of 10 super sweet corn inbreeds were measured during kernel growth, and the vari...To investigate the variation law of pericarp tenderness in growth progress of super sweet corn kernel, the values of pericarp tenderness of 10 super sweet corn inbreeds were measured during kernel growth, and the variations under differ- ent conditions were analyzed. The results showed that there existed gradient differ- ences in pericarp tenderness among the 10 materials, of which PE10 had the best pericarp tenderness, T105 took medial place, and $33205 performed worst in peri- carp tenderness. Pericarp tenderness values of these 3 inbreeds increased curvedly from 12 to 24 days after pollination, in the spring （Wuhan, Hubei） and winter （Ling- shui, Hainan） of 2014. Moreover, the average pericarp tenderness at different time points presented the same decreasing order of $33205, T105, PE10, which was not altered by enviroment. With the growth of kernel, for one material, the difference of pericarp tenderness under different environments presented a law of increment, re- duction, uniformity. As for optimum-picking time, there was four days difference be- tween the spring in Wuhan and winter in Lingshui. However, there was no obvious difference in pericarp tenderness on the optimum picking time, which indicated that growing environment could affect the variation ratio of pericarp tenderness, but it still depended on the nature of materials.展开更多
The density of asphalt was measured with the pycnometer and densitometer. Creep properties of the asphalt were investigated with the bending beam rheometer at temperatures ranging from 0 ~C to -36 ~C. The asphalt dens...The density of asphalt was measured with the pycnometer and densitometer. Creep properties of the asphalt were investigated with the bending beam rheometer at temperatures ranging from 0 ~C to -36 ~C. The asphalt density data used to correlate with the creep properties were calculated from the regression equation of density and temperature. The asphalt sample used to determine the creep property was aged by the standard RTFOT test and the PAV test. The test results showed that the asphalt density had a linear relationship with temperature changes. The logarithm of the creep stiffness and the slope of the logarithm of the stiffness at 60 seconds all demonstrated a linear relationship with the density, and the regression coefficient of these data was around 0.99. The creep stiffness and the slope of the creep stiffness can be calculated from the asphalt density at the same temperature.展开更多
Based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory(NSGT),the static bending behaviors of an axially functionally graded(AFG)Bernoulli-Euler microbeam subjected to concentrated and distributed loads are studied.The material ...Based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory(NSGT),the static bending behaviors of an axially functionally graded(AFG)Bernoulli-Euler microbeam subjected to concentrated and distributed loads are studied.The material property of the AFG microbeam changes continuously along the longitudinal direction.On the basis of the minimum potential energy principle,the equations of motion and associated classical and non-classical boundary conditions are derived.Then,Galerkin’s weighted residual method in conjunction with the normalization technique are utilized to solve the governing differential equations.The transverse deformations of the AFG microbeam suffering the sinusoidal distributed load within the framework of NSGT,nonlocal elasticity theory(NET),strain gradient theory(SGT)and classical elasticity theory(CET)are compared.It is observed that the bending flexibility of the microbeam decreases with the increase in the ratio of the material length scale parameter to the beam height.However,the bending flexibility increases with the increase in the material nonlocal parameter.The functionally graded parameter plays an important role in controlling the transverse deformation.This study provides a theoretical basis and a technical reference for the design and analysis of AFG micro-beams in the related regions.展开更多
Heat flow is inevitably accompanied by temperature change,thus,the water temperature coseismic response during earthquake activity should also obey the laws of thermodynamics.Taking the M S8.0 Wenchuan,Sichuan,China e...Heat flow is inevitably accompanied by temperature change,thus,the water temperature coseismic response during earthquake activity should also obey the laws of thermodynamics.Taking the M S8.0 Wenchuan,Sichuan,China earthquake and the M9.0Tohoku,Japan earthquake as an example,and based on the data of water temperature coseismic responses observed in well ZK26 in Haikou,Hainan Province,China,we investigate the relationship between well water temperature change and heat transfer in the coseismic response process and the relevant thermodynamic mechanism by using the numerical simulation method for thermodynamic equations.Then,through forward modeling,we obtain several simulation curves of water temperature change in response to earthquakes along the well depth at different times.The simulated curves of water temperature change approximately fit the observed curves.Consequently,based on the variation of temperature,we find that the modes of well water temperature coseismic response( ascending,descending or stable) are related to factors such as the location of sensors,distribution and location of heat sources,the span between sensors and heat sources.展开更多
In order to analyze the fermentation properties of lactic acid bacteria in Chinese sauerkraut and to improve acid production, 21 samples of Chinese sauerkraut from Inner Mongolia and Northeast China were collected and...In order to analyze the fermentation properties of lactic acid bacteria in Chinese sauerkraut and to improve acid production, 21 samples of Chinese sauerkraut from Inner Mongolia and Northeast China were collected and isolated with a Man-Rogosa-Sharpe （MRS） culture. Sixteen strains of lactic acid bacteria were identified by combining both phenotype and genotype methods. After activation, the 16 strains were inoculated into the MRS medium with a concentration of 4% and then incubated at 37 ~C. The pH and the absorbance of the culture were mea- sured. The activated strains were then mutagenized in a field of 4 KV/cm mutation, with dosages administered within 20 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively. The variation curves of the pH and the absorbance of the culture were determined. The experimental results showed that the lactic acid bacteria isolated from the soup were identified as Lactobacillus and the acid production of the bacteria was signifi- cantly improved by the mutagenesis of the corona electric field.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to measure photosynthetic characters of SC 205, a cassava cultivar, and explore the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors. [Method] The di...[Objective]The aim was to measure photosynthetic characters of SC 205, a cassava cultivar, and explore the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors. [Method] The diurnal variations of photosyn-thesis in leaves of SC205 were studied by LICOR-6400 portable photosynthesis system, and the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors were studied by simple correlation analysis and path analysis. [Result] The curve of diurnal variation of Pn showed single peak at 10：00 am at 24.07 μ mol CO2 m2/s, without showing midday depression; the diurnal changes of stomatal conductance （Gs）, transpiration rate （Tr）, leaf temperature （Tl）, air tempera-ture （Ta） and photosynthetic active radiation （PAR） al showed single peak curves, and there were positive relationships of Pn with Gs, Tr, Tl, Ta and PAR. The diur-nal variations of intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, atmospheric CO2 concentration （Ca）, relative humidity （RH） showed in a U-shape curve. There were highly signifi-cant positive correlation of Pn with Gs and PAR; the diurnal variation of Pn had highly significant negative correlations with Ci and Ca. The direct impact of physio-logical factors on Pn was as fol ows： Ci＆gt;Gs＆gt;Tl＆gt;Tr, and the direct impact of ecologi-cal factors was RH＆gt;PAR＆gt;Ca＆gt;Ta. [Conclusion] The research showed that Ci, Gs and Tr play very important roles in the changes of Pn among the physiological fac-tors, and PAR and Ca affect the changes of Pn among the ecological factors.展开更多
Although possible non-homogeneous strain effects in semiconductors have been investigated for over a half century and the strain-gradient can be over 1% per micrometer in flexible nanostructures, we still lack an unde...Although possible non-homogeneous strain effects in semiconductors have been investigated for over a half century and the strain-gradient can be over 1% per micrometer in flexible nanostructures, we still lack an understanding of their influence on energy bands. Here we conduct a systematic cathodoluminescence spectroscopy study of the strain-gradient induced exciton energy shift in elastically curved CdS nanowires at low temperature, and find that the red-shift of the exciton energy in the curved nanowires is proportional to the strain-gradient, an index of lattice distortion. Density functional calculations show the same trend of band gap reduction in curved nanostructures and reveal the underlying mechanism. The significant linear straingradient effect on the band gap of semiconductors should shed new light on ways to tune optical-electronic properties in nanoelectronics.展开更多
基金sponsored by National Science and Technology Major Project of China (No. 2008 ZX 05009-001)
文摘Combining wavelet transforms with conventional log differential curves is used to identify fractured sections is a new idea.In this paper,we first compute the mother wavelet transform of conventional logs and the wavelet decomposed signals are compared with fractures identified from image logs to determine the fracture-matched mother wavelet.Then the mother wavelet-based decomposed signal combined with the differential curves of conventional well logs create a fracture indicator curve,identifying the fractured zone.Finally the fracture density can be precisely evaluated by the linear relationship of the indicator curve and image log fracture density.This method has been successfully used to evaluate igneous reservoir fractures in the southern Songnan basin and the calculated density from the indicator curve and density from image logs are both basically consistent.
基金Supported by the Open Project of the State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources(SKL-CUSAb-2013-03)
文摘To investigate the variation law of pericarp tenderness in growth progress of super sweet corn kernel, the values of pericarp tenderness of 10 super sweet corn inbreeds were measured during kernel growth, and the variations under differ- ent conditions were analyzed. The results showed that there existed gradient differ- ences in pericarp tenderness among the 10 materials, of which PE10 had the best pericarp tenderness, T105 took medial place, and $33205 performed worst in peri- carp tenderness. Pericarp tenderness values of these 3 inbreeds increased curvedly from 12 to 24 days after pollination, in the spring （Wuhan, Hubei） and winter （Ling- shui, Hainan） of 2014. Moreover, the average pericarp tenderness at different time points presented the same decreasing order of $33205, T105, PE10, which was not altered by enviroment. With the growth of kernel, for one material, the difference of pericarp tenderness under different environments presented a law of increment, re- duction, uniformity. As for optimum-picking time, there was four days difference be- tween the spring in Wuhan and winter in Lingshui. However, there was no obvious difference in pericarp tenderness on the optimum picking time, which indicated that growing environment could affect the variation ratio of pericarp tenderness, but it still depended on the nature of materials.
文摘The density of asphalt was measured with the pycnometer and densitometer. Creep properties of the asphalt were investigated with the bending beam rheometer at temperatures ranging from 0 ~C to -36 ~C. The asphalt density data used to correlate with the creep properties were calculated from the regression equation of density and temperature. The asphalt sample used to determine the creep property was aged by the standard RTFOT test and the PAV test. The test results showed that the asphalt density had a linear relationship with temperature changes. The logarithm of the creep stiffness and the slope of the logarithm of the stiffness at 60 seconds all demonstrated a linear relationship with the density, and the regression coefficient of these data was around 0.99. The creep stiffness and the slope of the creep stiffness can be calculated from the asphalt density at the same temperature.
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFC0307604)the Talent Foundation of China University of Petroleum(No.Y1215042)
文摘Based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory(NSGT),the static bending behaviors of an axially functionally graded(AFG)Bernoulli-Euler microbeam subjected to concentrated and distributed loads are studied.The material property of the AFG microbeam changes continuously along the longitudinal direction.On the basis of the minimum potential energy principle,the equations of motion and associated classical and non-classical boundary conditions are derived.Then,Galerkin’s weighted residual method in conjunction with the normalization technique are utilized to solve the governing differential equations.The transverse deformations of the AFG microbeam suffering the sinusoidal distributed load within the framework of NSGT,nonlocal elasticity theory(NET),strain gradient theory(SGT)and classical elasticity theory(CET)are compared.It is observed that the bending flexibility of the microbeam decreases with the increase in the ratio of the material length scale parameter to the beam height.However,the bending flexibility increases with the increase in the material nonlocal parameter.The functionally graded parameter plays an important role in controlling the transverse deformation.This study provides a theoretical basis and a technical reference for the design and analysis of AFG micro-beams in the related regions.
基金sponsored by the Spark Program of 2011,China Earthquake Administration(XH1020)the Basic Research Program of the Hainan Province(ZDXM20110107)
文摘Heat flow is inevitably accompanied by temperature change,thus,the water temperature coseismic response during earthquake activity should also obey the laws of thermodynamics.Taking the M S8.0 Wenchuan,Sichuan,China earthquake and the M9.0Tohoku,Japan earthquake as an example,and based on the data of water temperature coseismic responses observed in well ZK26 in Haikou,Hainan Province,China,we investigate the relationship between well water temperature change and heat transfer in the coseismic response process and the relevant thermodynamic mechanism by using the numerical simulation method for thermodynamic equations.Then,through forward modeling,we obtain several simulation curves of water temperature change in response to earthquakes along the well depth at different times.The simulated curves of water temperature change approximately fit the observed curves.Consequently,based on the variation of temperature,we find that the modes of well water temperature coseismic response( ascending,descending or stable) are related to factors such as the location of sensors,distribution and location of heat sources,the span between sensors and heat sources.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘In order to analyze the fermentation properties of lactic acid bacteria in Chinese sauerkraut and to improve acid production, 21 samples of Chinese sauerkraut from Inner Mongolia and Northeast China were collected and isolated with a Man-Rogosa-Sharpe （MRS） culture. Sixteen strains of lactic acid bacteria were identified by combining both phenotype and genotype methods. After activation, the 16 strains were inoculated into the MRS medium with a concentration of 4% and then incubated at 37 ~C. The pH and the absorbance of the culture were mea- sured. The activated strains were then mutagenized in a field of 4 KV/cm mutation, with dosages administered within 20 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively. The variation curves of the pH and the absorbance of the culture were determined. The experimental results showed that the lactic acid bacteria isolated from the soup were identified as Lactobacillus and the acid production of the bacteria was signifi- cantly improved by the mutagenesis of the corona electric field.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for China Agriculture Research System(CARS-12)
文摘[Objective]The aim was to measure photosynthetic characters of SC 205, a cassava cultivar, and explore the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors. [Method] The diurnal variations of photosyn-thesis in leaves of SC205 were studied by LICOR-6400 portable photosynthesis system, and the relationships of the net photosynthetic rate （Pn） with physiological and ecological factors were studied by simple correlation analysis and path analysis. [Result] The curve of diurnal variation of Pn showed single peak at 10：00 am at 24.07 μ mol CO2 m2/s, without showing midday depression; the diurnal changes of stomatal conductance （Gs）, transpiration rate （Tr）, leaf temperature （Tl）, air tempera-ture （Ta） and photosynthetic active radiation （PAR） al showed single peak curves, and there were positive relationships of Pn with Gs, Tr, Tl, Ta and PAR. The diur-nal variations of intercellular CO2 concentration （Ci）, atmospheric CO2 concentration （Ca）, relative humidity （RH） showed in a U-shape curve. There were highly signifi-cant positive correlation of Pn with Gs and PAR; the diurnal variation of Pn had highly significant negative correlations with Ci and Ca. The direct impact of physio-logical factors on Pn was as fol ows： Ci＆gt;Gs＆gt;Tl＆gt;Tr, and the direct impact of ecologi-cal factors was RH＆gt;PAR＆gt;Ca＆gt;Ta. [Conclusion] The research showed that Ci, Gs and Tr play very important roles in the changes of Pn among the physiological fac-tors, and PAR and Ca affect the changes of Pn among the ecological factors.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC）, the State Key Research Projects for Fundamental Science （Nos. 2007CB936200, 2007CB936202, and 2009CB623703） of Ministry of Science and Technology of China （MOST）, and Natural Science Foundation （NSF） of Jiangsu Province of China.
文摘Although possible non-homogeneous strain effects in semiconductors have been investigated for over a half century and the strain-gradient can be over 1% per micrometer in flexible nanostructures, we still lack an understanding of their influence on energy bands. Here we conduct a systematic cathodoluminescence spectroscopy study of the strain-gradient induced exciton energy shift in elastically curved CdS nanowires at low temperature, and find that the red-shift of the exciton energy in the curved nanowires is proportional to the strain-gradient, an index of lattice distortion. Density functional calculations show the same trend of band gap reduction in curved nanostructures and reveal the underlying mechanism. The significant linear straingradient effect on the band gap of semiconductors should shed new light on ways to tune optical-electronic properties in nanoelectronics.
