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燕乐宫调流变与乐器运用
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作者 庄永平 《音乐探索》 CSSCI 2011年第2期63-67,共5页
隋唐燕乐28调的流变与唐重琵琶,宋元重筚篥和短笛(梆笛),明重长笛(曲笛)有着直接的关连。隋初郑译与外来苏祗婆乐调对应,琵琶上是运用“齐均编次”模式。但由于后来琵琶定弦变化与强调调式主音的缘故,致使唐代产生了同主音转调... 隋唐燕乐28调的流变与唐重琵琶,宋元重筚篥和短笛(梆笛),明重长笛(曲笛)有着直接的关连。隋初郑译与外来苏祗婆乐调对应,琵琶上是运用“齐均编次”模式。但由于后来琵琶定弦变化与强调调式主音的缘故,致使唐代产生了同主音转调,改用“齐调编次”模式。到了宋以后又因重苹篥和短笛,逐渐过渡为以运用一种调性为主,同时体现诸调式的模式。这样原琵琶上众多乐调以相同“杀声”方式不断进行归并。但笛上残存调名与翻调常用四宫并不相合,从日本十二律名发现这与取消黄钟宫音位有关。 展开更多
关键词 苏对应 五宫七调 齐均编次 齐调编次 乐调归并 琵琶 筚篥 短笛 曲苗
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Cooperation effects of GA3, IAA and uniconazole-P on tension wood formation and gravitropism in Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings
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作者 JIANG Sha LIU Long-hui ZHAO Na ZHENG Shu-xin XU Ke GU Song 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2009年第9期1-7,20,共8页
The cooperation effects of GA3, IAA and uniconazole-P were studied on the gravitropism and wood formation in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var.japonica Maxim. Seedlings using traditional paraffin section technology. Our ... The cooperation effects of GA3, IAA and uniconazole-P were studied on the gravitropism and wood formation in Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. var.japonica Maxim. Seedlings using traditional paraffin section technology. Our results are: (1) Gravitropism of stems was strongly inhibited only in B, whereas promoted significantly in D, E, F, H and I treatments; (2) Xylem formation was increased on both sides in H, I and J treatments and on the lower side in E and F which also show the synergistic effect; (3) On the radial direction, cell wall thickness was enhanced on the upper side, whereas decreased on the lower side in C, and was also significantly promoted on the upper in E, G, H, I and J treatments. On the tangential direction, cell wall thickness was increased on the lower side in E, H, I and J treatments respectively; (4) Gelatinous layer of wood fibers was observed on the upper side in all treatments. These results suggest that both GA3 and IAA affected negative gravitropism and wood formation significantly. However, appliedor unapplited-uniconazole-P does not affect G-layer formation, indicating GA does not play the key role on G-layer formation, and ratio of GA3/IAA or IAA may be more important in regulating G-layer formation. 展开更多
关键词 Fraxinus mandshurica seedlings GA3 IAA uniconazole-P interactions tension wood formation
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Influence of Forward Speed on the Lateral Vibration of a Slender Structure in Water
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作者 周力 宗智 《Journal of Marine Science and Application》 2010年第2期115-120,共6页
In this paper,the effects of forward speed on the lateral vibration of a slender structure in an infinite fluid are considered.By equating the bending stress of the structure with the hydrodynamic force acting on it,t... In this paper,the effects of forward speed on the lateral vibration of a slender structure in an infinite fluid are considered.By equating the bending stress of the structure with the hydrodynamic force acting on it,the equation which governs the fluid-structure interaction of a slender structure both vibrating and moving in water is obtained.Numerical results show that the influence of forward speed on the vibration of a slender structure in water is significant.It behaves like damping,reducing both natural frequencies and responses significantly. 展开更多
关键词 forward speed vibration in water slender structure fluid-structure interaction
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