对影响大输液澄明度因素的试验观察

影响大输液澄明度的因素很多,笔者运用正交试验设计对大输液生产中一些影响澄明度的因素作试验观察。 1 试验材料 ①涤纶薄膜:四川省富顺县三号信箱1988年产品,规格φ38×0.015;河北衡水市华丰医疗器械厂1989产品。

Production of carbonaceous material from avocado peel for its application as alternative adsorbent for dyes removal

Adsorption processes have received special attention for contaminants removal thanks to their capability to gen- erate effluents with high quality as well as their simple design. In the current work, the agro-waste residue avo- cado peel is proposed to be used as alternative to conventional activated carbons whose use is sometimes restricted to high costs, upgraded by their exhausting after long term operations. The carbonization procedure was optimized and analyzed through factorial design and response surface methodology by evaluating temper- ature （400-900 ℃） and time （30-90 min） effects： optimal conditions were found at 900℃ and 65 min, gener- ating an adsorbent with 87.52 m2.g 1 of BET surface area, a mesopore volume of 74% and a zero point charge at 8.6. The feasibility of the carbonaceous material was proved for the removal of a variety of dyes by investigating substrate （10-50 mg.L 1） and solid （0.5-20 g.L-1） concentration effects and statistical significance： complete removal of Naphthol Blue Black and Reactive Black 5 was reached under optimal conditions （10 mg.L 1 and 20g.L 1 of dye and solid, respectively）, while Basic Blue 41 was eliminated by using 13.4 g. L- 1 of the adsorbent. Overall, dyes removal by adsorption on carbonized avocado peel is presented as a promising technology due to the low cost and easy availability of the precursor, as well as the straightforward generation, the satisfactory char- acteristics and the proved adsorption capacity of the adsorbent.

Optimum Production and Characterization of an Acid Protease from Marine Yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii W6b

The marine yeast strain W6b isolated from sediment of the South China Sea was found to produce a cell-bound acid protease.The crude acid protease produced by this marine yeast showed the highest activity at pH 3.5 and 40 ℃.The optimal pH and temperature for the crude acid protease were in agreement with those for acid protease produced by the terrestrial yeasts.The optimal medium of the acid protease production was seawater containing 1.0% glucose, 1.5% casein, and 0.5% yeast extract, and the optimal cultivation conditions of the acid protease production were pH 4.0, a temperature of 25 ℃ and a shaking speed of 140 rmin-1.Under the optimal conditions, 72.5 UmL-1 of acid protease activity could be obtained in cell suspension within 48 h of fermentation at shake flask level.The acid protease production was induced by high-molecular-weight nitrogen sources and repressed by low-molecu-lar-weight nitrogen sources.Skimmed-milk-clotting test showed that the crude acid protease from the cell suspension of the yeast W6b had high skimmed milk coagulability.The acid protease produced by M.reukaufii W6b may have highly potential applications in cheese, food and fermentation industries.

Optimum Condition Selection of Xylitol Candida tropicalis Conversion Production

[Objective] The aim was to select the optimum conditions of xylitol Candida tropicalis conversion production. [Method] The effect of cell culture time,conversion time,conversion pH value,conversion initial sugar concentration,speed and inoculation rate were determined respectively.[Result] Optimum fermentation conditions were obtained as follows:cell culture 16 h,conversion time 10 h,conversion pH value 5.5,conversion initial sugar concentration 20 g/L,conversion shaking speed 150 r/min,inoculation rate 10% (volume ratio). The yield of xylitol has increased to 90%. [Conclusion] This study had provided basis for the further study on xylitol.

Optimum Condition of Rice Straw Hydrolysate Detoxification with Charcoal Powder for Cellulosic Ethanol Production by Pichiastipitis TISTR 5806

In this study, the rice straw was hydrolysed by using 3.0% （w/v） H2SO4 followed by enzymatic hydrolysis. The rice straw hydrolysate obtained was treated with charcoal powder and the optimal condition of detoxification with charcoal powder was investigated. The results showed that the optimal condition for detoxification was the use of 2.5 grams of non-sterilized charcoal powder in 100 mL hydrolysate. The mixture was operated at pH 5.0, 30 ℃ and 160 rpm for 5 min. The detoxified hydrolysate was then used for ethanol production using P. stipitis TISTR 5806. The condition of the detoxified hydrolysate fermentation which gave maximum ethanol concentration of 21 g/L was at pH 5.0, 30 ℃ and 160 rpm for 72 h. Without detoxification, the P. stipitis TISTR 5806 could not however utilize the hydrolysate for ethanol production.

Isolation and Production of Novel β-galactosidase from a Newly Isolated, Moderate Thermophile, Bacillus sp. Strain B1.1

The enzyme β-galactosidase （lactase; EC 3.2.1.23） is a commercially important enzyme due to its various applications in dairy and food industries, which are based on the β-galactosidase-catalysed hydrolysis of lactose into glucose and galactose. The objectives of this work were to identify novel and attractive sources of this industrially relevant enzyme, and to study the effect of selected growth parameters （carbon source, lactose concentration, nitrogen source, peptone concentration, initial pH and temperature） on the formation of β-galactosidase. Based on a screening of isolates from Tha Pai hot spring, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand, strain BI.1 was selected for further studies. Strain BI.1 is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, catalase-positive bacterium that forms endospores. Based on the sequence of the 16S rDNA determined, this isolate is most closely related to Anoxybacillus sp. and Bacillus sp., and hence the strain is designated as Bacillus sp. B 1. I.β-Galactosidase was produced by this strain with lactose and peptone as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Optimal enzyme production occurred at an initial culture pH of 8.5 and at 45 ℃. Under these optimum culture conditions, maximal volumetric and specific β-galactosidase activity of 0.478 U mL^-1 and 0.338 U mg^-1 protein, respectively, were obtained after 13 h of cultivation in a medium contain 2.5% lactose, 2.0% peptone, 0.3% K2HPO4, 0.1% KH2PO4 and 0.05% MgSOa·7H2O.