Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production....Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production. E. anomala seed powder was added into chocolate formulation in various concentrations [1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, as samples A, B, C, D with sample E as the control （no spice added）]. These samples were analyzed for difference quality attributes like： the proximate composition, minerals and chemical analysis, microbiological analysis, as well as the sensory evaluation using standard methods. The proximate composition showed the percentage moisture content ranging between 85.1 ±0.11 and 85.5± 0.10, ash content between 0.4 ± 0.00 and 0.5 ± 0.10, protein content between 1.0± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.11, fat content between 0.4 ± 0.1 land 0.5 ± 0.00 and carbohydrate content between 12.5 ±0.10 and 12.7 ±0.10. The minerals： 0.05 ±0.10 mg/kg, zinc： 0.01 4- 0.11 mg/kg, lead： 0.1 ± 0.10 mg/kg, and copper 0.1±0.1/l mg/kg, Mangeulese were obtained while cadmium was not detected at all. The chemical analysis gave between 5.03 ± 0. l t to 5.35 ±0.10, and pH 3.17 ± 0.10 to 3.67± 0.10, and total titratable acidity between 32.47 ± 0.10 to 32.50 ±0.10 tbr Brix. ttowever, sample C （3%） E. anomala spiced chocolate drink has the highest nutrients composition than all the other samples. All the samples have low microbial count, less than 3.5 ×10^3 load which is below the safe level of 1.0 ×10^3 but on the overall, sample C has the least value. Conclusively, smnple C, （chocolate spiced at 3% concentration） is established as the best sample nutritionally, microbiologically and on the overall acceptability.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration for an upland cotton cultivar Xinluzao33 under the induction of different hormone combinations and thus t...[Objective] This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration for an upland cotton cultivar Xinluzao33 under the induction of different hormone combinations and thus to determine the optimal hormone combination. [Method] Calli of Xinluzao33(Gossypium hirsutum L.) were induced from seedling hypocotyl tissue by a range of DK and BK combinations. Embryogenic calli and embryos were induced on callus-inducing medium(CIM) without any hormones. Callus appearance and quality were compared to determine which medium was the optimal for callus induction. Embryogenesis ratio was calculated to determine which medium was the best for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. [Result] Callus induction rate was 100% in all the 12 hormone combinations.The calli were yellow or kelly, and their texture was loose or soft under low concentrations of DK combinations, green or white, variably compact under high concentrations of DK combinations. The calli induced by BK combinations were kelly or green, covering creamy white substance. The best medium for callus induction was DK6(0.05 mg/L 2, 4-D and 0.10 mg/L KT). Embryogenic calli were successfully induced from all the combinations. The efficiency of embryogenic callus induction,embryogenesis, and plantlet regeneration were significantly different among the 12 combinations. The result showed that the embryogenesis ratio was the highest in BK3 combination(0.50 mg/L IBA and 0.50 mg/L KT), 72.86% of embryogenic calli differentiated into somatic embryos after being cultured on CIM for 80 d, and80.93% of the somatic embryos finally regenerated into plants on SEM(somatic embryo induction medium). [Conclusion] These results indicate that hormone combination BK3(0.50 mg/LIBA and 0.50 mg/L KT) was the best medium for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from Xinluzao33.展开更多
文摘Work on the production and quality evaluation ofE. anomala spiced chocolate drinks was reported. This is done in order to establish the best concentration of the spice to be adopted in the chocolate drinks production. E. anomala seed powder was added into chocolate formulation in various concentrations [1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, as samples A, B, C, D with sample E as the control （no spice added）]. These samples were analyzed for difference quality attributes like： the proximate composition, minerals and chemical analysis, microbiological analysis, as well as the sensory evaluation using standard methods. The proximate composition showed the percentage moisture content ranging between 85.1 ±0.11 and 85.5± 0.10, ash content between 0.4 ± 0.00 and 0.5 ± 0.10, protein content between 1.0± 0.01 and 1.1 ± 0.11, fat content between 0.4 ± 0.1 land 0.5 ± 0.00 and carbohydrate content between 12.5 ±0.10 and 12.7 ±0.10. The minerals： 0.05 ±0.10 mg/kg, zinc： 0.01 4- 0.11 mg/kg, lead： 0.1 ± 0.10 mg/kg, and copper 0.1±0.1/l mg/kg, Mangeulese were obtained while cadmium was not detected at all. The chemical analysis gave between 5.03 ± 0. l t to 5.35 ±0.10, and pH 3.17 ± 0.10 to 3.67± 0.10, and total titratable acidity between 32.47 ± 0.10 to 32.50 ±0.10 tbr Brix. ttowever, sample C （3%） E. anomala spiced chocolate drink has the highest nutrients composition than all the other samples. All the samples have low microbial count, less than 3.5 ×10^3 load which is below the safe level of 1.0 ×10^3 but on the overall, sample C has the least value. Conclusively, smnple C, （chocolate spiced at 3% concentration） is established as the best sample nutritionally, microbiologically and on the overall acceptability.
基金Supported by the National Transgenic Major Project of China(2009ZX08009-090B)the Biological Germplasm Project of Xinjiang Production&Construction Crops(2012BD046)the Technology Plan of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences(81YYD201506)
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration for an upland cotton cultivar Xinluzao33 under the induction of different hormone combinations and thus to determine the optimal hormone combination. [Method] Calli of Xinluzao33(Gossypium hirsutum L.) were induced from seedling hypocotyl tissue by a range of DK and BK combinations. Embryogenic calli and embryos were induced on callus-inducing medium(CIM) without any hormones. Callus appearance and quality were compared to determine which medium was the optimal for callus induction. Embryogenesis ratio was calculated to determine which medium was the best for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration. [Result] Callus induction rate was 100% in all the 12 hormone combinations.The calli were yellow or kelly, and their texture was loose or soft under low concentrations of DK combinations, green or white, variably compact under high concentrations of DK combinations. The calli induced by BK combinations were kelly or green, covering creamy white substance. The best medium for callus induction was DK6(0.05 mg/L 2, 4-D and 0.10 mg/L KT). Embryogenic calli were successfully induced from all the combinations. The efficiency of embryogenic callus induction,embryogenesis, and plantlet regeneration were significantly different among the 12 combinations. The result showed that the embryogenesis ratio was the highest in BK3 combination(0.50 mg/L IBA and 0.50 mg/L KT), 72.86% of embryogenic calli differentiated into somatic embryos after being cultured on CIM for 80 d, and80.93% of the somatic embryos finally regenerated into plants on SEM(somatic embryo induction medium). [Conclusion] These results indicate that hormone combination BK3(0.50 mg/LIBA and 0.50 mg/L KT) was the best medium for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from Xinluzao33.
