[目的]DSSAT-CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型(简称CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型)是量化开花时间与光周期关系的生理生态过程模型。本文旨在通过单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记对CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型的品种参数(cultivar parameter,CP)进行遗...[目的]DSSAT-CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型(简称CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型)是量化开花时间与光周期关系的生理生态过程模型。本文旨在通过单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记对CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型的品种参数(cultivar parameter,CP)进行遗传解析。[方法]以183个江淮大豆种质为试验材料,于2011—2018年获得南京、当涂、盐城等10个环境的花期数据和消除环境效应的花期最佳线性无偏预测值(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)。将开花时间性状分解为临界短日照时数(critical short day,CSDL)、光周期敏感性(photoperiod sensitivity,PPSEN)和出苗到开花时长(emergence to flowering time,EMFL)3个CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型的品种参数。利用供试大豆材料的实测花期以及BLUP值,采用GLUE(generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation)方法对模型的品种参数进行校准,根据模拟结果选择合适的品种参数集。利用混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM_Q+K)、mrMLM(multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model)模型等7种全基因组关联分析方法,对花期BLUP值、CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型品种参数集与60712个SNP标记进行定位研究,在显著关联SNP位点上下游500 kb区间内筛选候选基因,并通过生物信息学网站和前人研究结果预测其功能。[结果]利用BLUP值校正CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型的品种参数,模型模拟结果的均方根误差的均值(average root mean square error,ARMSE)为1.65 d,比利用实测花期校正的ARMSE降低1.82 d。选用花期BLUP值校正的3个模型的品种参数集作为全基因组关联分析的数据集,检测到花期BLUP值、CSDL、PPSEN和EMFL的显著关联QTN(quantitative trait nucleotide)个数分别为6、10、5和1,所定位的SNP位点可解释0.424%~19.221%的CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型品种参数变异。被检测到的22个QTN中,有72.73%已被前人研究报道与大豆开花时间、光周期敏感性、生殖生长时期等性状有关。对候选基因功能预测发现:Glyma05g06220、Glyma05g31710、Glyma07g01601、Glyma08g40330、Glyma14g40030与拟南芥中昼夜节律调控、细胞分裂素响应、开花调控等基因同源,推测这5个基因参与大豆开花调控。[结论]与实测花期相比,利用BLUP值校准CROPGRO大豆花期模型品种参数的方式在区域尺度上更为合理;模型品种参数体现了大豆花期光反应的遗传特性,相关的SNP标记可以作为进一步构建基于基因的CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型的基础标记数据。展开更多
分析大粒花生品种农艺性状与产量的关系,为高产花生育种提供有效指导。本研究以2017年全国北方片区大粒花生区试为基础数据,利用ASReml软件的混合线性模型,获取各试点每个基因型的最佳线性无偏预测值(Best linear unbiased prediction,B...分析大粒花生品种农艺性状与产量的关系,为高产花生育种提供有效指导。本研究以2017年全国北方片区大粒花生区试为基础数据,利用ASReml软件的混合线性模型,获取各试点每个基因型的最佳线性无偏预测值(Best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP),进行可视化相关分析和通径分析。结果表明:BLUP数据去除了环境的误差,更接近于真实育种值。单株饱果数的变异系数最大为34.47%;各性状与产量的相关系数由大到小依次为:百果重(r=0.6695^(***))>百仁重(r=0.6658^(***))>侧枝长(r=0.4289^(***))>总分枝数(r=0.3774^(***))>主茎高(r=0.3383^(***))>出米率(r=0.2941***)>单株结果数(r=0.2571^(***))>结果枝数(r=0.2340^(**))>饱果数(r=0.1457^(*))>生育期(r=0.0212);通径分析显示,百果重(p=0.3839)和总分枝数(p=0.3476)对产量的直接通径系数较大,说明它们是影响大粒花生产量的关键性状。因此,在选育高产大粒花生新品种时要重点做好对百果重和总分枝数的选择。展开更多
Phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth-related traits in the half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, were estimated in 22 full-sib families produced by normal and neo-male breeding stocks. As phenotypic...Phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth-related traits in the half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, were estimated in 22 full-sib families produced by normal and neo-male breeding stocks. As phenotypic males with female genotypes, neo-males are harmful in C. semilaevis aquaculture because they reduce overall production. The present study evaluated the difference in the growth-related traits： total length （TL）, body weight （BW） and square root of body weight （SQ_BW） at the age of 570 days between normal and neo-male offspring （neo-males used as male parents）. The difference in the proportion of females between normal and neo-male offspring was also assessed. Based on the linear mixed model, restricted maximum likelihood （REML） and best linear unbiased prediction （BLUP） were used to estimate various （co）variance components and estimated breeding values （EBVs） of growth-related traits. As a result, all the mean values of the three studied traits were significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Additionally, the female proportion was significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Heritability was 0.128＋0.066 2 for TL, 0.128-4-0.065 5 for BW and 0.132~0.062 9 for SQBW, all of which were low level heritabilities. The correlation coefficients of EBVs and phenotypic values of the target traits were 0.516 for TL, 0.524 for BW and 0.506 for SQ_BW, all of which were highly significant （P〈0.01）. Genetic correlations among TL, BW and SQ_BW were positive high （0.921-0.969） and higher than those of phenotype （0.711-0.748）, both of which had low standard errors （0.063-0.123 for genotype, and 0.010-0.018 for phenotype）. Compared with normal offspring, neo-male offspring have lower breeding values for each studied trait through EBVs comparison. Therefore, neo-male offspring should not be used as broodstock in a C. semilaevis breeding programs.展开更多
文摘[目的]DSSAT-CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型(简称CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型)是量化开花时间与光周期关系的生理生态过程模型。本文旨在通过单核苷酸多态性(SNP)标记对CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型的品种参数(cultivar parameter,CP)进行遗传解析。[方法]以183个江淮大豆种质为试验材料,于2011—2018年获得南京、当涂、盐城等10个环境的花期数据和消除环境效应的花期最佳线性无偏预测值(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)。将开花时间性状分解为临界短日照时数(critical short day,CSDL)、光周期敏感性(photoperiod sensitivity,PPSEN)和出苗到开花时长(emergence to flowering time,EMFL)3个CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型的品种参数。利用供试大豆材料的实测花期以及BLUP值,采用GLUE(generalized likelihood uncertainty estimation)方法对模型的品种参数进行校准,根据模拟结果选择合适的品种参数集。利用混合线性模型(mixed linear model,MLM_Q+K)、mrMLM(multi-locus random-SNP-effect mixed linear model)模型等7种全基因组关联分析方法,对花期BLUP值、CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型品种参数集与60712个SNP标记进行定位研究,在显著关联SNP位点上下游500 kb区间内筛选候选基因,并通过生物信息学网站和前人研究结果预测其功能。[结果]利用BLUP值校正CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型的品种参数,模型模拟结果的均方根误差的均值(average root mean square error,ARMSE)为1.65 d,比利用实测花期校正的ARMSE降低1.82 d。选用花期BLUP值校正的3个模型的品种参数集作为全基因组关联分析的数据集,检测到花期BLUP值、CSDL、PPSEN和EMFL的显著关联QTN(quantitative trait nucleotide)个数分别为6、10、5和1,所定位的SNP位点可解释0.424%~19.221%的CROPGRO-Soybean-Flower模型品种参数变异。被检测到的22个QTN中,有72.73%已被前人研究报道与大豆开花时间、光周期敏感性、生殖生长时期等性状有关。对候选基因功能预测发现:Glyma05g06220、Glyma05g31710、Glyma07g01601、Glyma08g40330、Glyma14g40030与拟南芥中昼夜节律调控、细胞分裂素响应、开花调控等基因同源,推测这5个基因参与大豆开花调控。[结论]与实测花期相比,利用BLUP值校准CROPGRO大豆花期模型品种参数的方式在区域尺度上更为合理;模型品种参数体现了大豆花期光反应的遗传特性,相关的SNP标记可以作为进一步构建基于基因的CROPGRO大豆花期模拟模型的基础标记数据。
文摘分析大粒花生品种农艺性状与产量的关系,为高产花生育种提供有效指导。本研究以2017年全国北方片区大粒花生区试为基础数据,利用ASReml软件的混合线性模型,获取各试点每个基因型的最佳线性无偏预测值(Best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP),进行可视化相关分析和通径分析。结果表明:BLUP数据去除了环境的误差,更接近于真实育种值。单株饱果数的变异系数最大为34.47%;各性状与产量的相关系数由大到小依次为:百果重(r=0.6695^(***))>百仁重(r=0.6658^(***))>侧枝长(r=0.4289^(***))>总分枝数(r=0.3774^(***))>主茎高(r=0.3383^(***))>出米率(r=0.2941***)>单株结果数(r=0.2571^(***))>结果枝数(r=0.2340^(**))>饱果数(r=0.1457^(*))>生育期(r=0.0212);通径分析显示,百果重(p=0.3839)和总分枝数(p=0.3476)对产量的直接通径系数较大,说明它们是影响大粒花生产量的关键性状。因此,在选育高产大粒花生新品种时要重点做好对百果重和总分枝数的选择。
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2012AA10A403-2)the Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province of China
文摘Phenotypic and genetic parameters for growth-related traits in the half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis, were estimated in 22 full-sib families produced by normal and neo-male breeding stocks. As phenotypic males with female genotypes, neo-males are harmful in C. semilaevis aquaculture because they reduce overall production. The present study evaluated the difference in the growth-related traits： total length （TL）, body weight （BW） and square root of body weight （SQ_BW） at the age of 570 days between normal and neo-male offspring （neo-males used as male parents）. The difference in the proportion of females between normal and neo-male offspring was also assessed. Based on the linear mixed model, restricted maximum likelihood （REML） and best linear unbiased prediction （BLUP） were used to estimate various （co）variance components and estimated breeding values （EBVs） of growth-related traits. As a result, all the mean values of the three studied traits were significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Additionally, the female proportion was significantly larger in normal offspring than in neo-male offspring. Heritability was 0.128＋0.066 2 for TL, 0.128-4-0.065 5 for BW and 0.132~0.062 9 for SQBW, all of which were low level heritabilities. The correlation coefficients of EBVs and phenotypic values of the target traits were 0.516 for TL, 0.524 for BW and 0.506 for SQ_BW, all of which were highly significant （P〈0.01）. Genetic correlations among TL, BW and SQ_BW were positive high （0.921-0.969） and higher than those of phenotype （0.711-0.748）, both of which had low standard errors （0.063-0.123 for genotype, and 0.010-0.018 for phenotype）. Compared with normal offspring, neo-male offspring have lower breeding values for each studied trait through EBVs comparison. Therefore, neo-male offspring should not be used as broodstock in a C. semilaevis breeding programs.
