埃马克：每台设备都是交钥匙工程 智能自动化方案无惧市场变脸

2016年6月23日,CIMES2016展会期间,埃马克（中国）机械有限公司举办了题为“智能自动化,重塑生产力”的主题新闻发布会,埃马克公司高层：埃马克（中国）机械有限公司CEO Dr.Uwe Ronde先生、埃马克（中国）机械有限公司太仓分公司营销总监林劲先生、

Solar Energy Resource Characteristics of Photovoltaic Power Station in Shandong Province

[Objective] The aim was to analyze characters of solar energy in photo- voltaic power stations in Shandong Province. [Method] The models of total solar radiation and scattered radiation were determined, and solar energy resources in pho-tovoltaic power stations were evaluated based on illumination in horizontal plane and cloud data in 123 counties or cities and observed information in Jinan, Fushan and Juxian in 1988-2008. [Result] Solar energy in northern regions in Shandong proved most abundant, which is suitable for photovoltaic power generation; the optimal angle of tilt of photovoltaic array was at 35°, decreasing by 2°-3° compared with local latitude. Total solar radiation received by the slope with optimal angle of tilt exceeded 1 600 kw.h/（m2.a）, increasing by 16% compared with horizontal planes. The maximal irradiance concluded by WRF in different regions tended to be volatile in 1 020-1 060 W/m2. [Conclusion] The research provides references for construction of photovoltaic power stations in Shandong Province.

日本大阪精密机械株式会社开发的非接触式齿轮面分析系统

该系统利用激光全息法,实现齿轮齿面的非接触式“亚微米”测量分析、彩色等高线与三维定量显示。其特点如下:1、比目前机械式测量时间缩短9/10;2、每齿面有10万个测点,比目前常见的400测点有非常丰富的齿面信息;图象分辨力为0.1μm,实现了“亚微米”测量;

智能自动化 重塑生产力——埃马克召开CIMES2016新闻发布会

6月23日,埃马克在CIMES2016展会第二天召开主题为＂智能自动化,重塑生产力＂的新闻发布会。众多媒体代表参加了此次发布会,并就埃马克在华发展思路等问题与高层进行了互动交流。此次展会埃马克以＂智能自动化,重塑生产力＂为展示理念,以齿轮自动化生产线、倒立式车磨复合加工中心、四轴倒立式轴类加工车床以及轴类感应淬火机的现场加工进行演示,＂

渐厚蜗杆在滚齿机修理中的应用

我厂 OF—16型滚齿机是56年从捷克进口的设备。按说明书规定,加工齿轮的最大模数为20毫米,最大直径为2米。机床安装后,经过九年多的使用,分度蜗轮严重擦伤,齿而研痕深达0.1毫米,蜗轮副啮合侧隙超过0.2毫米,加工光洁度只有▽4,生产效率也很低,不能满足生产要求。1965年,对该设备进行了修理。修理前,针对分度蜗轮修复这一关键问题,对滚剃加工、手工刮研和珩磨修复等三种工艺方法进行了分析。

提高Y54插齿机加工范围的方法

通过调整装刀位置,成功地扩大了插齿机的加工范围,提高了该设备的加工能力。

“十佳产品”现场直击

2016年4月11日,中国机床工具工业协会公布了2015年度＂自主创新十佳＂和＂产品质量十佳＂名单,为了让大家更好地了解十佳产品,我们节选介绍了部分获奖企业的展品,呈现给大家。

PARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY AND RUNAWAY IN FIXED BED REACTORS

This paper presents a comprehensive treatment of the parametric sensitivity and runaway in fixed bed reactors with one dimensional pseudo homogeneous dispersion model (ODDM). In this case, we find the existence of multiplicity and determine the runaway criterion through the critical isodisper sion curve. The calculated results indicate when the axial dispersion is relatively small, the impact of the axial dispersion on the parametric sensitivity may be neglected; but when the axial dispersion is large, this impact must be considered.

Chaotic phenomenon and the maximum predictable time scale of observation series of urban hourly water consumption

The chaotic characteristics and maximum predictable time scale of the observation series of hourly water consumption in Hangzhou were investigated using the advanced algorithm presented here is based on the conventional Wolf's algorithm for the largest Lyapunov exponent. For comparison, the largest Lyapunov exponents of water consumption series with one-hour and 24-hour intervals were calculated respectively. The results indicated that chaotic characteristics obviously exist in the hourly water consumption system; and that observation series with 24-hour interval have longer maximum predictable scale than hourly series. These findings could have significant practical application for better prediction of urban hourly water consumption.

Mass Transfer During Osmotic Dehydration Using Acoustic Cavitation

An experimental study on intensifying osmotic dehydration was carried out ina state of nature and with acoustic cavitation of different cavitating intensity (0.5A, 0.7A and0.9A) respectively, in which the material is apple slice of 5mm thickness. The result showed thatacoustic cavitation remarkably enhanced the osmotic dehydration, and the water loss was acceleratedwith the increase of cavitating intensity. The water diffusivity coefficients ranged from1.8x10^(-10)m^2·s^(-1) at 0.5A to 2.6x10^(-10)m^2·s^(-1) at 0.9A, and solute diffusivitycoefficients ranged from 3.5x10^(-11) m^2·s^(-1) at 0.5A to 4.6X10^(-11)m^2·s^(-1) at 0.9A. On thebasis of experiments, a mathematical model was established about mass transfer during osmoticdehydration, and the numerical simulation was carried out. The calculated results agree well withexperimental data, and represent the rule of mass transfer during osmotic dehydration intensified byacoustic cavitation.

Maximum Effective Hole Mathematical Modei and Exact Solution for Commingled Reservoir

The maximum effective hole-diameter mathematical modei describing the flow of slightly compressible fluid through a commingled reservoir was solved rigorously with consideration of wellbore storage and different skin factors. The exact solutions for wellbore pressure and the production rate obtained from layer j for a well production at a constant rate from a radial drainage area with infinite and constant pressure and no flow outer boundary condition were expressed in terms of ordinary Bessel functions. These solutions were computed numerically by the Crump's numerical inversion method and the behavior of systems was studied as a function of various reservoir parameters. The modei was compared with the real wellbore radii modei. The new modei is numerically stable when the skin factor is positive and negative, but the real wellbore radii modei is numerically stable only when the skin factor is positive.

Vibration Analysis for the Comfort Assessment of Superyachts

Comfort levels on modern superyachts have recently been the object of specific attention of the most important Classification Societies, which issued new rules and regulations for evaluating noise and vibration maximum levels. These rules are named "Comfort Class Rules" and set the general criteria for noise and vibration measurements in different vessels' areas, as well as the maximum noise and vibration limit values. As far as the vibration assessment is concerned, the Comfort Class Rules follow either the ISO 6954:1984 standard or the ISO 6954:2000. After an introduction to these relevant standards, the authors herein present a procedure developed to predict the vibration levels on ships. This procedure builds on finite element linear dynamic analysis and is applied to predict the vibration levels on a 60 m superyacht considered as a case study. The results of the numerical simulations are then benchmarked against experimental data acquired during the sea trial of the vessel. This analysis also allows the authors to evaluate the global damping ratio to be used by designers in the vibration analysis of superyachts.

Arrangement Strategy of Ground Heat Exchanger with Groundwater

The orientation strategy of side pipe and the heat transfer performance of six ground heat exchangers(GHEs) were optimized by numerical simulation,with soil being treated as a porous medium.An experiment on the heat transfer of four GHEs was carried out in 2010.Results indicate that the velocity field is disturbed by GHEs.The optimal orientation strategy of side pipe is that the upward pipe is located upstream and the downward pipe downstream.The space between GHEs should be appropriately adjusted,depending on the direction and flow velocity.Groups of GHEs should be installed perpendicular to the mainstream in a single row,but if the acreage does not meet the requirements,GHEs should be installed in staggered multiple rows.Fewer GHEs parallel to the mainstream strengthen the heat transfer.Moreover,numerical results agree well with the test data,with the maximum relative error being less than 7.7%.

Forecasting available parking space with largest Lyapunov exponents method

The techniques to forecast available parking space(APS) are indispensable components for parking guidance systems(PGS). According to the data collected in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, the changing characteristics of APS were studied. Thereafter, aiming to build up a multi-step APS forecasting model that provides richer information than a conventional one-step model, the largest Lyapunov exponents(largest LEs) method was introduced into PGS. By experimental tests conducted using the same dataset, its prediction performance was compared with traditional wavelet neural network(WNN) method in both one-step and multi-step processes. Based on the results, a new multi-step forecasting model called WNN-LE method was proposed, where WNN, which enjoys a more accurate performance along with a better learning ability in short-term forecasting, was applied in the early forecast steps while the Lyapunov exponent prediction method in the latter steps precisely reflect the chaotic feature in latter forecast period. The MSE of APS forecasting for one hour time period can be reduced from 83.1 to 27.1(in a parking building with 492 berths) by using largest LEs method instead of WNN and further reduced to 19.0 by conducted the new method.

Quantitative evaluation of soil erosion of land subsided by coal mining using RUSLE

Based on a RUSLE model, we identified the key factors of the impact on soil erosion induced by coal min- ing subsidence. We designed a method for predicting/.S factors of a mining subsidence basin, using ana- lytical GIS spatial technology. Using the Huainan mining area as an example, we calculated the modulus of erosion, its volume and classified the grade of soil erosion for both the original area and the subsidence basin. The results show that the maximum modulus of erosion and the volume of erosion of the subsi- dence basin without water logging would increase by 78% and 23% respectively compared with the ori- ginal situation. The edge of the subsidence basin, where the land subsidence was uneven, is subject to the greatest acceleration in soil erosion. In the situation of water logging after subsidence, the maximum modulus of erosion would decrease if the accumulated slope length were reduced. This maximum mod- ulus around the water logged area within the subsidence basin is equal to that without water logging, while the total volume of erosion decreases. Therefore, mining subsidence aggravates soil erosion espe- cially at the edge of basins where water and soil conservation measures should be taken.

Simulating Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm to Estimate Likelihood Function of ARMA（1, 1） Model

This paper present a simulation study of an evolutionary algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization PSO algorithm to optimize likelihood function of ARMA（1, 1） model, where maximizing likelihood function is equivalent to maximizing its logarithm, so the objective function ＇obj.fun＇ is maximizing log-likelihood function. Monte Carlo method adapted for implementing and designing the experiments of this simulation. This study including a comparison among three versions of PSO algorithm “Constriction coefficient CCPSO, Inertia weight IWPSO, and Fully Informed FIPSO”, the experiments designed by setting different values of model parameters al, bs sample size n, moreover the parameters of PSO algorithms. MSE used as test statistic to measure the efficiency PSO to estimate model. The results show the ability of PSO to estimate ARMA＇ s parameters, and the minimum values of MSE getting for COPSO.

P-norm Semi-parametric Maximum Likelihood Regression Model

In this paper, using the kernel weight function, we obtain the parameter estimation of p-norm distribution in semi-parametric regression model, which is effective to decide the distribution of random errors. Under the assumption that the distribution of observations is unimodal and symmetry, this method can give the estimates of the parametric. Finally, two simulated adjustment problem are constructed to explain this method. The new method presented in this paper shows an effective way of solving the problem; the estimated values are nearer to their theoretical ones than those by least squares adjustment approach.

Stochastic Resonance as a Mathematical Model of an Electrogastrogram

An electrogastrogram （EGG） is a recording of the electrical activity in the stomach, as measured on the abdominal surface. In this study, the goal is to obtain a mathematical model of an EGG; to achieve this, the EGG of 14 subjects （seven males and seven females） will be obtained. Initially, the Wayland algorithm to the EGG to measure the degree of determinism is applied. However, it could not be determined whether the EGG could be generated by a chaotic process. In addition, the waveform of the electric potential in the interstitial cells of Cajal is similar to the graphs of the numerical solutions to the Van der Pol equation. Therefore, the Van der Pol equation to a periodic function was added, and random white noise was used to represent the intestinal motility and other biosignals. The EGG and numerical solutions were compared and evaluated on the basis of the translation error （Etrans） in the Wayland algorithm and the maximum Lyapunov exponent （2） in Rosenstein＇s algorithm. By projecting the data from an obtained stationary EGG from the subjects, along with the numerical solutions, onto the Etrans-λ plane, the affinity between them was qualitatively evaluated. The EGG was well described by stochastic resonance from the stochastic differential equations.

Closed-loop identification of systems using hybrid Box–Jenkins structure and its application to PID tuning

The paper describes a closed-loop system identification procedure for hybrid continuous-time Box–Jenkins models and demonstrates how it can be used for IMC based PID controller tuning. An instrumental variable algorithm is used to identify hybrid continuous-time transfer function models of the Box–Jenkins form from discretetime prefiltered data, where the process model is a continuous-time transfer function, while the noise is represented as a discrete-time ARMA process. A novel penalized maximum-likelihood approach is used for estimating the discrete-time ARMA process and a circulatory noise elimination identification method is employed to estimate process model. The input–output data of a process are affected by additive circulatory noise in a closedloop. The noise-free input–output data of the process are obtained using the proposed method by removing these circulatory noise components. The process model can be achieved by using instrumental variable estimation method with prefiltered noise-free input–output data. The performance of the proposed hybrid parameter estimation scheme is evaluated by the Monte Carlo simulation analysis. Simulation results illustrate the efficacy of the proposed procedure. The methodology has been successfully applied in tuning of IMC based flow controller and a practical application demonstrates the applicability of the algorithm.

Efficient Modeling of Photovoltaic Systems Using CMEX S-Function under MATLAB-Simulink Environment

This paper discusses an implementation based on CMEX S-functions to model and to check implementation feasibility of two most commonly used Maximum Power Point Tracking （MPPT） algorithms, namely Hill Climbing/Perturb ＆ Observe （P＆O） and Incremental Conductance. This study can also be generalized to encompass the whole digital techniques family, including artificial intelligence like Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic Control.