According to the chemical kinetic model of lysogeny/lysis switch in Escherichia coli （E. coil） infected by bacteriophage A, the entropy production rates of steady states are calculated. The resuits show that the lys...According to the chemical kinetic model of lysogeny/lysis switch in Escherichia coli （E. coil） infected by bacteriophage A, the entropy production rates of steady states are calculated. The resuits show that the lysogenic state has lower entropy production rate than lyric state, which provides an explanation on why the lysogenic state of A phage is so stable. We a/so notice that the entropy production rates of both lysogenic state and lyric state are lower than that of saddle-point and bifurcation state, which is consistent with the principle of minimum entropy production for living organism in nonequilibrium stationary state. Subsequently, the relations between CI and Cro degradation rates at two bifurcations and the changes of entropy production rate with CI and Cro degradation are deduced. The theory and method can be used to calculate entropy change in other molecular network.展开更多
A conduction heat transfer process is enhanced by filling prescribed quantity and optimized-shaped high thermal conductivity materials to the substrate. Numerical simulations and analyses are performed on a volume to ...A conduction heat transfer process is enhanced by filling prescribed quantity and optimized-shaped high thermal conductivity materials to the substrate. Numerical simulations and analyses are performed on a volume to point conduction problem based on the principle of minimum entropy generation. In the optimization, the arrangement of high thermal conductivity materials is variable, the quantity of high thermal-conductivity material is constrained, and the objective is to obtain the maximum heat conduction rate as the entropy is the minimum.A novel algorithm of thermal conductivity discretization is proposed based on large quantity of calculations.Compared with other algorithms in literature, the average temperature in the substrate by the new algorithm is lower, while the highest temperature in the substrate is in a reasonable range. Thus the new algorithm is feasible. The optimization of volume to point heat conduction is carried out in a rectangular model with radiation boundary condition and constant surface temperature boundary condition. The results demonstrate that the algorithm of thermal conductivity discretization is applicable for volume to point heat conduction problems.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11047180,90403010,and 200408020102Scientific Research Startup Foundation of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
文摘According to the chemical kinetic model of lysogeny/lysis switch in Escherichia coli （E. coil） infected by bacteriophage A, the entropy production rates of steady states are calculated. The resuits show that the lysogenic state has lower entropy production rate than lyric state, which provides an explanation on why the lysogenic state of A phage is so stable. We a/so notice that the entropy production rates of both lysogenic state and lyric state are lower than that of saddle-point and bifurcation state, which is consistent with the principle of minimum entropy production for living organism in nonequilibrium stationary state. Subsequently, the relations between CI and Cro degradation rates at two bifurcations and the changes of entropy production rate with CI and Cro degradation are deduced. The theory and method can be used to calculate entropy change in other molecular network.
基金Supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China(2013CB228305)
文摘A conduction heat transfer process is enhanced by filling prescribed quantity and optimized-shaped high thermal conductivity materials to the substrate. Numerical simulations and analyses are performed on a volume to point conduction problem based on the principle of minimum entropy generation. In the optimization, the arrangement of high thermal conductivity materials is variable, the quantity of high thermal-conductivity material is constrained, and the objective is to obtain the maximum heat conduction rate as the entropy is the minimum.A novel algorithm of thermal conductivity discretization is proposed based on large quantity of calculations.Compared with other algorithms in literature, the average temperature in the substrate by the new algorithm is lower, while the highest temperature in the substrate is in a reasonable range. Thus the new algorithm is feasible. The optimization of volume to point heat conduction is carried out in a rectangular model with radiation boundary condition and constant surface temperature boundary condition. The results demonstrate that the algorithm of thermal conductivity discretization is applicable for volume to point heat conduction problems.
